5-HT2B 수용체
5-HT2B receptor세로토닌 수용체 2B로도 알려진 5-히드록시트리프타민 수용체 2B(5-HT2B)는 인간에서 HTR2B 유전자에 의해 인코딩되는 단백질이다.[5][6] 5-HT는2B 신경전달물질 세로토닌(5-hydroxytipamine, 5-HT)을 결합하는 5-HT2 수용체군의 일원이다.
조직 분포 및 기능
(5-HT2B 수용체가 하위 유형인) 5-HT2 수용체는 세로토닌의 많은 중심 생리학적 기능과 주변 생리학적 기능을 중재한다. 심혈관 효과는 혈관 수축과 혈소판의 모양 변화를 포함한다. 중추신경계 효과는 촉각 자극에 대한 뉴런 감작화와 환각 대체 암페타민 효과의 일부를 조정한다. 5-HT2B 수용체는 간, 신장 등에서 발현력이 높으며 대뇌피질, 전뇌, 췌장, 비장 등에서 발현력이 낮은 것이 관찰된다.[7]
5-HT2B 수용체 하위 유형은 다음과 같다.
- CNS: 세로토닌과 도파민 흡수 억제, 행동 효과[8]
- 혈관: 폐혈관폐색소[9]
- 심장: 5-HT2B 수용체는 5-HT2B 수용체 null 마우스에서 관찰된 비정상적인 심장 발달로 입증된 심장 구조와 기능을 조절한다.[10] 또한 5-HT2B 수용체 자극은 심장판막 섬유블라스트의 병리학적 증식을 유발할 수 있으며,[11] 5-HT의2B 만성 과응축은 심각한 발불병증을 초래할 수 있다. 더욱이 최근 5-HT2B 수용체는 인간의 쇠약 심장에 과도하게 눌려 있는 것으로 나타났으며, 5-HT2B 수용체의 길항제들이 발견되어 생쥐에서 안지오텐신 II나 베타-아드레날린 작용제 유도 병리성 심장비대증을 모두 예방하였다.[12][13][14]
- 세로토닌은 트랜스포터:5-HT2B 수용체가 세로토닌 수송체를 통해서 세로토닌의 정도의 혈액 plasma,[15]에 정상적인 생리적 규제와 함께 비정상적인 극심한 세로토닌 방출 MDMA.[8] 같은 약물에 의해 생산된 놀랍게도 하지만5-HT2B 수용체 활성화 보호할 표시되는 모양 모두에게 중요하다 세로토닌 방출을 규제한다.흙에세로토닌 분비를 조절하는 역할에도 불구하고 [16]세포외 세로토닌 수치가 상승함에 따라 세로토닌 증후군의 발달.
임상적 유의성
5-HT2B 수용체들은 또한 약물에 의한 판막 심장 질환에 강하게 연루되어 왔다.[17][18][19] 이런 맥락에서 일반적으로 항독소로 간주되고 있다.arget)로 간주된다.
5-HT2B 수용체의 구조는 발불로병 유발 약물 에르고타민으로 복합체에서 해결되었다.[20]
리간즈
수많은 잠재적 비선택성 화합물, 특히 5-HT2C 결합을 수반하는 작용제가 알려져 있지만 2009년 현재 고선택성 5-HT2B 수용체 리간드는 거의 발견되지 않았다. 이 분야 연구는2B 5-HT 작용제의 카디오독성, 5-HT2B 길항제들의 명확한 치료적용 부족으로 제한되어 왔지만, 과학 연구를 위한 선택적 리간드가 여전히 필요하다.[21]
고민자
- 선택적
- BW-723C86:[22] 공정 기능성 하위 유형 선택성, 거의 완전한 작용제. 체내 항불안제.[23]
- Ro60-0175[22] 5-HT에 대해2A 기능적으로 선택적이며, 5-HT2B/C 모두에서 강력한 작용제
- VER-332: 5-HT2A 이상 5-HT의2B/C 경우 선택적임
- α-메틸-5-HT - 5-HT에2A/C 대해 적당히 선택적
- APB 6
- LY-266,097 - Gq 단백질을 선호하는 편향된 부분작용제, β-아레스틴2 모집 없음[24]
- 비선택적
- 관파신 - α2A 작용제지만 치료 농도에서 5-HT2B 작용제를 가지고 있다.[25]
- MDMA[26]
- MDA[26]
- MEM[27]
- 페르골라이드[28]
- 카베르골린
- 노르펜플루라민[22]
- 클로로펜테민
- 아미노렉스
- 브로모드래곤플라이
- DMT
- 5-MeO-DMT
- LSD - 인간 복제 5-HT2B 수용체와 5-HT2A 수용체에 대한 동일한 친화력.[29]
- 실로신[29]
- 실로메타졸린
- 옥시메타졸린
- 퀴니딘
- 로피니롤레
- 페놀도팜
- 로커세린
- 메틸에르고노빈
- 에르고타민
- 에르고노빈
반목자
- 아고멜라틴 - 주로 멜라토닌 Mt1/[30]Mt2 수용체 작용제로서 5-HT2B 및 5-HT의2C 덜 강력한 길항작용제
- 아미슬프라이드
- 아리피프라졸
- 카리프라진[31]
- 클로자핀
- 키프로헵타딘
- mCPP(인간)
- Sarpogrelate: 혼합 5-HT2A/B 길항제
- 리수라이드: 에르고린 클래스의 도파민 작용제로서, 5-HT2B 길항제[32] 및 이중 5-HT2A/C 작용제이기도[33] 하다.
- Tegaserod: 주로4 5-HT 작용제지만 5-HT2B 길항제[34]
- RS-127,445:[35] 높은 친화력, 하위 유형 선택적(1000x), 최소 8개의 다른 5-HTR 유형에 대해 선택적, 구술 생물학적 이용 가능.
- 메타독신: 5HT2b 길항제 및 GABA 활동 모듈레이터
- SDZ SER-082: 혼합 5HT2B/C 길항제
- 프로메타진[37]
- EGIS-7625: 5-HT를2A[38] 통한 높은 선택성
- PRX-08066
- SB-200,646
- SB-204,741
- SB-206,553: αnAChR에서7[39] 5-HT2B/C 길항제 및 PAM을 혼합함
- SB-215,505[40]
- SB-228,357
- 테르구라이드는 5-HT2B 수용체와 5-HT2A 수용체의 경구적이고 강력한 대항제다.
- LY-266,097
- LY-272,015
가능한 응용 프로그램
5-HT2B 길항제들은 이전에 편두통 치료제로 제안되어 왔으며, 이 적응증을 위해 RS-127,445는 1단계까지 인간에게 3회 실시되었으나, 발육은 계속되지 않았다.[41] 보다 최근의 연구는 만성 심장질환 치료제로 5-HT2B 길항제 적용 가능성에 초점을 맞추고 있다.[42][43] 연구는 세로토닌 5-HT2B 수용체가 간 재생에 영향을 미친다고 주장한다.[44] 5-HT의2B 길항작용은 섬유화가 사전 설정되고 진행 중인 질병 모델에서 섬유소를 약화시키고 간 기능을 개선할 수 있다.
참고 항목
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추가 읽기
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외부 링크
- "5-HT2B". IUPHAR Database of Receptors and Ion Channels. International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology.
- UCSC 게놈 브라우저의 인간 HTR2B 게놈 위치 및 HTR2B 유전자 세부 정보 페이지.
- PDBe-KB에서 UniProt: P41595(5-hydroxytryptamin reception 2B)에 대한 PDB의 모든 구조 정보 개요.
이 기사는 공공영역에 있는 미국 국립 의학 도서관의 텍스트를 통합하고 있다.