칼슘감지수용체
Calcium-sensing receptor칼슘 감지 수용체(CaSR)는 칼슘 이온의 세포외 수준을 감지하는 C급 G단백 결합 수용체다.주로 신장과 뇌의 신장관인 부갑상선(parathyroid gland)에서 발현된다.[5][6]부갑상선에서는 부갑상선 호르몬(PTH)의 분비를 조절하여 칼슘 동점선을 조절한다.[7]신장에서는 관의 어느 부분이 활성화되고 있는지에 따라 칼슘, 칼륨, 나트륨, 물의 재흡수에 억제 효과가 있다.[8]null
CaSR의 초기 검토 이후, 부갑상선 질환과 관련된 역할과 신체 조직 및 장기와 관련된 다른 역할들에 대한 심층적인 분석이 있었다.[9]1993년,[10] 브라운 외 연구진은 다발성 양이온에 도입되었을 때 그 효과를 복제한 BoPCaR(bovine parathyroid calcium receptor)이라는 이름의 클론을 분리했다.이 때문에 포유류로부터 전신 CaSR을 복제하는 기능이 수행되었다.[11]null
신호전달
혈장 칼슘 농도의 상승과 칼슘 수용체 활성화에 대응하여 PST의 방출을 억제한다.세포외 측면에 대해 인상된 칼슘 구속력이 수용체에서, 세포 내 편, G단백질을 궁극적으로 칼슘의 세포 내 농도를 증가시키는 부갑상선의vesicle 그것과 토세포 현상을 억제한 Gqα 타입은 아마를 통해 포스포리파아제 Cpathway,[12][13]을 시작한 형태 변화를 주고 있다.호르몬.또한 cAMP 종속 경로를 억제(일부[14] 소스가 명시하듯이 자극하지 않음)한다.[13]null
병리학
CaSR 유전자를 활성화하지 않는 돌연변이는 이질성 뇌척수체에서 존재할 때 가족성 저칼로리성 고혈당(FHH)을 유발한다(일반적으로 무증상이고 치료가 필요하지 않기 때문에 가족성 양성 고혈당이라고도 한다).[15]CaSr 불활성화 돌연변이에 대해 동질성이 있는 환자들은 더 심각한 고혈당증을 가지고 있다.[16]CaSr을 활성화시키는 다른 돌연변이는 자가우위성 저칼슘혈증[17] 또는 타입5 바터 증후군의 원인이다.이 유전자에 대해 1088aa라는 대체적으로 분할된 대본변종 인코딩이 발견되었지만, 그것의 전체 길이 속성은 정의되지 않았다.[18]null
치료적용
시나칼세트와 에텔칼세티드 약물은 칼슘 감지 수용체의 알로스테릭 수식어다.[19]그것들은 칼슘 감지 수용체에 결합하고 부갑상선 호르몬 분비를 감소시키는 석회암으로 분류된다.null
CaSr을 차단하는 석회화 약물은 동물 연구에서 골밀도가 높아져 골다공증 치료를 위해 연구되어 왔다.불행히도 인간에게 임상 실험 결과는 실망스러운 것으로 판명되었고, 약물이 잘 용인되었음에도 불구하고 골밀도의 지속적인 변화가 관찰되지 않았다.[20][21]보다 최근의 연구는 CaSR 수용체가 알츠하이머병, 천식 그리고 일부 형태의 암을 포함한 많은 다른 조건들에 관여하고 있다는 것을 보여주었고 석회화 약물은 이것들의 잠재적인 치료법으로 연구되고 있다.[22][23][24][25]최근 아파타이트와 같은 생체모방적 뼈는 세포외 칼슘 감지 수용체의 과지열을 통해 내피온드론드오시스화 경로를 통해 뼈의 형성을 억제하는 것으로 나타났다.[26]null
상호작용
칼슘 감지 수용체는 필라민과 상호작용하는 것으로 나타났다.[27][28]null
참조
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- ^ a b c GRCm38: 앙상블 릴리스 89: ENSMUSG000051980 - 앙상블, 2017년 5월
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추가 읽기
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