엑토뉴클레오시드 트리포스포인산디프롤라아제-1 (gene:ENTPD1 , 단백질:NTPDase1 )은 CD39(분화클러스터 39 )로도 알려져 있으며 세포외 표면에 촉매 부위가 있는 대표적인 세포표면 효소다.[5] [6] [7]
함수 NTPDase1은 3인산 및 디프인산뉴클레오시드의 γ과 β-phosphate 잔여물의 가수분해를 단인산뉴클레오시드 유도체에 촉매하는 ectonucleotidase 이다.[8] [9] NTPDase1은 P2 수용체 리간드(ATP , ADP , ADP, UTP, UDP)를 유사한 효능으로 가수분해한다.[10] 따라서 NTPDase1은 P2 수용체 활성화 및 기능에 영향을 미칠 수 있다.[11]
임상적 유의성 ATP는 항염증 환경을 유발하는 반면, CD39/CD73 경로에 의한 아데노신 으로의 ATP의 분해는 항염증 환경을 초래한다.[12] CD39는 ATP(또는 ADP)를 아데노신 단인산염 (AMP)으로 변환하며, CD73에 의해 아데노신으로 변환된다.[12] [13] 규제 T세포 (Tregs)[12] 의 면역 억제 및 항염증 활성의 상당 부분은 Tregs가 CD39와 CD73을 표현하는 한 CD39/CD73 경로에서 생성되는 아데노신 때문이다.[13]
CD39/CD73 경로에 의해 생성된 아데노신은 허혈-재융성 상해 로부터 보호할 수 있다.[12] 반면 암세포 에 대한 CD39와 CD73의 높은 표현과 활동은 면역체계가 암의 진행을 억제하는 것을 막을 수 있다.[12]
참고 항목 참조 ^ a b c GRCh38: 앙상블 릴리스 89: ENSG00000138185 - 앙상블 , 2017년 5월 ^ a b c GRCm38: 앙상블 릴리스 89: ENSMUSG000048120 - 앙상블 , 2017년 5월 ^ "Human PubMed Reference:" . National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine . ^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:" . National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine . ^ "Entrez Gene: ENTPD1 Ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 1" . ^ Sévigny J, Levesque FP, Grondin G, Beaudoin AR (Feb 1997). "Purification of the blood vessel ATP diphosphohydrolase, identification and localisation by immunological techniques". Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - General Subjects . 1334 (1): 73–88. doi :10.1016/s0304-4165(96)00079-7 . PMID 9042368 . ^ Kaczmarek E, Koziak K, Sévigny J, Siegel JB, Anrather J, Beaudoin AR, Bach FH, Robson SC (Dec 1996). "Identification and characterization of CD39/vascular ATP diphosphohydrolase" . The Journal of Biological Chemistry . 271 (51): 33116–22. doi :10.1074/jbc.271.51.33116 . PMID 8955160 . ^ Robson SC, Sévigny J, Zimmermann H (Jun 2006). "The E-NTPDase family of ectonucleotidases: Structure function relationships and pathophysiological significance" . Purinergic Signalling . 2 (2): 409–30. doi :10.1007/s11302-006-9003-5 . PMC 2254478 . PMID 18404480 . ^ Yegutkin GG (May 2008). "Nucleotide- and nucleoside-converting ectoenzymes: Important modulators of purinergic signalling cascade" . Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Cell Research . 1783 (5): 673–94. doi :10.1016/j.bbamcr.2008.01.024 . PMID 18302942 . ^ Kukulski F, Lévesque SA, Lavoie EG, Lecka J, Bigonnesse F, Knowles AF, Robson SC, Kirley TL, Sévigny J (Jun 2005). "Comparative hydrolysis of P2 receptor agonists by NTPDases 1, 2, 3 and 8" . Purinergic Signalling . 1 (2): 193–204. doi :10.1007/s11302-005-6217-x . PMC 2096530 . PMID 18404504 . ^ Kukulski F, Lévesque SA, Sévigny J (2011-01-01). "Impact of ectoenzymes on p2 and p1 receptor signaling". Pharmacology of Purine and Pyrimidine Receptors . Advances in Pharmacology. Vol. 61. pp. 263–99. doi :10.1016/B978-0-12-385526-8.00009-6 . ISBN 9780123855268 . PMID 21586362 . ^ a b c d e Antonioli L, Pacher P, Vizi ES, Haskó G (2013). "CD39 and CD73 in immunity and inflammation" . Trends in Molecular Medicine . 19 (6): 355–367. doi :10.1016/j.molmed.2013.03.005 . PMC 3674206 . PMID 23601906 . ^ a b Sepúlveda C, Palomo I, Fuentes E (2016). "Role of adenosine A2b receptor overexpression in tumor progression". Life Sciences . 166 : 92–99. doi :10.1016/j.lfs.2016.10.008 . PMID 27729268 .
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Dias Neto E, Correa RG, Verjovski-Almeida S, Briones MR, Nagai MA, da Silva W, Zago MA, Bordin S, Costa FF, Goldman GH, Carvalho AF, Matsukuma A, Baia GS, Simpson DH, Brunstein A, de Oliveira PS, Bucher P, Jongeneel CV, O'Hare MJ, Soares F, Brentani RR, Reis LF, de Souza SJ, Simpson AJ (Mar 2000). "Shotgun sequencing of the human transcriptome with ORF expressed sequence tags" . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America . 97 (7): 3491–6. Bibcode :2000PNAS...97.3491D . doi :10.1073/pnas.97.7.3491 . PMC 16267 . PMID 10737800 . Goepfert C, Imai M, Brouard S, Csizmadia E, Kaczmarek E, Robson SC (Jul 2000). "CD39 modulates endothelial cell activation and apoptosis" . Molecular Medicine . 6 (7): 591–603. doi :10.1007/BF03401797 . PMC 1949966 . PMID 10997340 . Kittel A, Garrido M, Varga G (Apr 2002). "Localization of NTPDase1/CD39 in normal and transformed human pancreas" . The Journal of Histochemistry and Cytochemistry . 50 (4): 549–56. doi :10.1177/002215540205000412 . PMID 11897808 . Kaneider NC, Egger P, Dunzendorfer S, Noris P, Balduini CL, Gritti D, Ricevuti G, Wiedermann CJ (Jun 2002). "Reversal of thrombin-induced deactivation of CD39/ATPDase in endothelial cells by HMG-CoA reductase inhibition: effects on Rho-GTPase and adenosine nucleotide metabolism" . Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology . 22 (6): 894–900. doi :10.1161/01.ATV.0000018305.95943.F7 . PMID 12067895 . Drosopoulos JH (Oct 2002). "Roles of Asp54 and Asp213 in Ca2+ utilization by soluble human CD39/ecto-nucleotidase". Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics . 406 (1): 85–95. doi :10.1016/S0003-9861(02)00414-9 . PMID 12234494 . Krötz F, Sohn HY, Keller M, Gloe T, Bolz SS, Becker BF, Pohl U (Dec 2002). "Depolarization of endothelial cells enhances platelet aggregation through oxidative inactivation of endothelial NTPDase" . 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