북아메리카의 분리주의 운동 목록

List of active separatist movements in North America

이것은 현재 북미에서 활동하고 있는 분리주의 운동의 목록입니다.분리주의에는 자율주의와 분리주의가 포함됩니다.

기준

자율주의 또는 분리주의 운동으로 간주되거나 간주되지 않는 것은 때때로 논란이 됩니다.이 목록의 항목은 다음 세 가지 기준을 충족해야 합니다.

  1. 그들은 활동적인 멤버들과 함께 활동적인 운동입니다.
  2. 그들은 지리적 지역에 대해 더 큰 자율성 또는 자기 결정권을 추구하고 있습니다(개인의 자율성과는 반대로).
  3. 그들은 분쟁 지역의 시민/사람들이며 다른 나라에서 온 것이 아닙니다.

나열된 각 영역 아래에 다음 중 하나 이상이 있습니다.

  • 사실상의 상태(사실상의 실체): 사실상의 자치권을 가진 인식되지 않은 지역에 대하여.
  • 제안된 국가: 분리된 주권 국가에 대한 제안된 이름입니다.
  • 제안된 자치 지역: 지역에 대한 더 큰 자치를 향한 움직임을 위해 그러나 완전한 분리는 아닙니다.

앤티가 바부다

바부다

캐나다

주요 기사:캐나다의 분리주의 운동
지역 및 섬
카스카디아

카스카디아

  • 제안 상태:카스카디아 공화국
    • 지지 단체:카스카디아 바이오지역부[3][4][5]
캐나다 서부

캐나다 서부

  • 제안 상태:웨스트 캐나다 (Alberta, British Columbia, Manitabo, Saskatchewan 뿐만 아니라 때때로 Yukon, The Northwest 준주 및 누나부트 준주 포함)
주별
앨버타 주

앨버타 주

서스캐처원

서스캐처원

퀘벡 주
1995년 퀘벡 독립 국민투표 결과.49.42%가 독립에 찬성했습니다.

퀘벡 주

브리티시컬럼비아 주

브리티시컬럼비아 주

뉴펀들랜드 래브라도 주

뉴펀들랜드 래브라도 주

새로운 지방/영토를 만드는 운동

벤쿠버 섬

온타리오 주 북부

덴마크

그린란드 지도
덴마크의 다른 운동에 대해서는 덴마크 § 유럽의 활동적인 분리주의 운동 목록을 참조하십시오.

그린란드

프랑스.

과들루프 지도
마르티니크 지도
주요 기사:해외 프랑스, 해외 프랑스 해외 국가, 해외 집단성, 해외 부서 및 지역
자세한 정보:유럽의 활동적 분리주의 운동 목록 § 프랑스, 남미의 활동적 분리주의 운동 목록 § 프랑스, 아프리카의 활동적 분리주의 운동 목록 § 프랑스, 오세아니아의 활동적 분리주의 운동 목록 § 프랑스

France 과들루프

France 마르티니크

아이티

고나베 섬

멕시코

분리주의 운동
멕시코의 바하 반도

바하칼리포르니아

자치운동
사파티스타

치아파스 주

트리키

네덜란드

Curaçao 쿠라소

아루바

세인트키츠 네비스

네비스와 이웃한 세인트키츠 섬.

네비스[64]

트리니다드 토바고

토바고

미국

주요 기사:미국의 분리독립
참고 항목:미국 오세아니아 §의 분리주의 운동 목록
지역

카스카디아

  • 제안 상태:카스카디아 공화국

아메리카 원주민

미국 남부

미국 남부

사막 상태

사막[78]

아즈틀란

참고 항목:Chicano 민족주의, Plan de Aztlan, Reconquista (멕시코)
뉴아프리카 공화국의 국경

뉴아프리카

주요 기사 : 아프리카계 미국인 자결
빨간 옷을 입은 미국의 뉴잉글랜드

뉴잉글랜드

  • 제안된 주 또는 자치 지역:뉴잉글랜드[90] 공화국

미국.

알래스카

캘리포니아

캘리포니아

텍사스 주

New Hampshire 뉴햄프셔 주[102][103]

Vermont 버몬트 주

준주

푸에르토리코

푸에르토리코

주요 기사:푸에르토리코의 독립운동

미국령 버진아일랜드

영국

Bermuda 버뮤다[117][118][119]

참고 항목

참고문헌

  1. ^ "Heated debate on Barbuda secession begins in parliament". Antigua Observer. September 25, 2020. Retrieved December 22, 2021.
  2. ^ "Barbuda's secession request goes to Parliament". Antigua News Room. September 11, 2020. Retrieved May 31, 2023.
  3. ^ a b "Cascadia Department of Bioregion home page". Retrieved March 21, 2022.
  4. ^ a b "Opinion: The Pacific Northwest, strong and free: On the inevitable rise of Cascadia". The Globe and Mail. September 17, 2021. Retrieved May 31, 2023.
  5. ^ a b "Could a Cascadian Secession Actually Happen?". Seattle Met. Retrieved May 31, 2023.
  6. ^ Thomson, Guest Columnist John (December 21, 2022). "THOMSON: The west is going maverick… so where is the Maverick Party?". Western Standard. Retrieved May 31, 2023.
  7. ^ Kirby, Jason (October 25, 2019). "Trudeau's victory sparks 'Wexit' separatist talk in Canada's west". Financial Times. Retrieved May 31, 2023.
  8. ^ Cecco, Leyland; Agren, David (November 25, 2019). "Wexit: Alberta's frustration fuels push for independence from Canada". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved May 31, 2023.
  9. ^ Naylor, Dave (May 25, 2020). "POLL: 45-48% of Albertans back independence". Western Standard. Retrieved May 31, 2023.
  10. ^ Cecco, Leyland; Agren, David (November 25, 2019). "Wexit: Alberta's frustration fuels push for independence from Canada". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved November 25, 2019.
  11. ^ "A new poll suggests Alberta is the province that most wants to separate from Canada — not Quebec". nationalpost. Retrieved May 31, 2023.
  12. ^ "The man behind Wexit wants Alberta to become the 51st state".
  13. ^ "Alberta as the 51st state?".
  14. ^ "LITTLEJOHN: Alberta as the 51st State isn't a crazy as you might think".
  15. ^ Burgess, Steve (November 11, 2021). "Please Advise! Now Saskatchewan Wants to Split?". The Tyee. Retrieved May 31, 2023.
  16. ^ Fawcett, Max (November 18, 2021). "No, Saskatchewan, you're not a nation". Canada's National Observer. Retrieved May 31, 2023.
  17. ^ "Opinion Western separatism? It's just another way for a premier to say, 'Show me the money'". thestar.com. November 13, 2021. Retrieved May 31, 2023.
  18. ^ Dutrisac, Robert (May 14, 2011). "Sondage Léger Marketing-Le Devoir - L'appui à la souveraineté ne fléchit pas". Le Devoir (in French). Retrieved May 31, 2023.
  19. ^ Fournier, Philippe J. (March 10, 2023). "338Canada: Why Quebec sovereigntists are looking up". POLITICO. Retrieved May 31, 2023.
  20. ^ "Canada: Quebec separatist party calls for split with British monarchy". BBC News. October 26, 2022. Retrieved May 31, 2023.
  21. ^ Bélair-Cirino, Marco (November 7, 2015). "La CAQ change d'identité". Le Devoir (in French). Retrieved May 31, 2023.
  22. ^ "The One Thing That Might Save Jean Charest". HuffPost. January 6, 2012. Retrieved May 31, 2023.
  23. ^ Caddel, Katherine (January 7, 2023). "UPDATE: Local separatist group looking to part from Canada". Energeticcity.ca. Retrieved June 1, 2023.
  24. ^ "B.C. residents least interested in separating from Canada, poll finds". British Columbia. July 1, 2022. Retrieved June 1, 2023.
  25. ^ "Separatist sentiment growing in B.C.: survey". INFOnews. Retrieved June 1, 2023.
  26. ^ "Joey Smallwood thought he'd 'never see the day'. Newfoundland's secessionists regret that he did". nationalpost.com. Retrieved June 1, 2023.
  27. ^ "Newfoundland's flag flap 'disrespectful,' PM says". December 7, 2006. Archived from the original on December 7, 2006. Retrieved June 1, 2023.
  28. ^ "Newfoundland separatist sentiment on the rise". CBC News. July 2, 2003. Retrieved June 1, 2023.
  29. ^ "Wayne Bennett takes over as NL First party leader - Regional - The Western Star". October 12, 2016. Archived from the original on October 12, 2016. Retrieved June 1, 2023.
  30. ^ "Newfoundland separatists get a boost". The Globe and Mail. April 7, 2010. Retrieved June 1, 2023.
  31. ^ Rollmann, Rhea (May 20, 2014). "On dependence and independence". The Independent. Retrieved June 1, 2023.
  32. ^ "In support of Labrador independence too". The Independent. February 12, 2014. Retrieved June 1, 2023.
  33. ^ "Les Leyne: Islanders yearn for independence". Times Colonist.
  34. ^ "Forget Wexit, it's time to talk about the separation of Vancouver Island - Ladysmith Chronicle". www.ladysmithchronicle.com. October 31, 2019. Retrieved June 1, 2023.
  35. ^ "Separatism in BC: the Province of Vancouver Island? News". dailyhive.com. Retrieved June 1, 2023.
  36. ^ "Separatist Northern Ontario Party is officially registered".
  37. ^ "Northern Ontario's dream to secede, reborn: 'We're treated like a colony'". nationalpost.com. Retrieved June 1, 2023.
  38. ^ "TVO Today Current Affairs Journalism, Documentaries and Podcasts". www.tvo.org. Retrieved June 1, 2023.
  39. ^ "Greenland Steps Up Its Independence Calls as Oil Ambitions Grow". Bloomberg.com. January 11, 2011. Retrieved December 16, 2020.
  40. ^ "As the ice melts, Greenland considers its future". BBC News. January 9, 2020. Retrieved December 16, 2020.
  41. ^ Crowell, Maddy (April 21, 2018). "The Island Where France's Colonial Legacy Lives On". The Atlantic. Retrieved June 1, 2023.
  42. ^ a b "Martinique and Guadeloupe still in turmoil - International Viewpoint - online socialist magazine". internationalviewpoint.org. Retrieved June 1, 2023.
  43. ^ a b Alcoy, Philippe (December 4, 2021). "France's Discussion of Autonomy for Guadeloupe and Martinique Is an Imperialist Maneuver". Left Voice. Retrieved June 1, 2023.
  44. ^ "Le PPDG proteste contre la mise à l'écart des partis politiques lors du 17ème congrès des élus". Guadeloupe la 1ère (in French). June 1, 2023. Retrieved June 1, 2023.
  45. ^ "Pro-independence candidate wins in Martinique, does not want to change status quo (for now)". Nationalia (in Catalan). January 6, 2023. Retrieved June 1, 2023.
  46. ^ "Residents of La Gonave Haiti call for independence of the island". Haitianinternet.com. September 6, 2019. Retrieved September 6, 2019.
  47. ^ "Gonâve : A wind of independence blows on the island". iciHaiti. September 6, 2019. Retrieved September 6, 2019.
  48. ^ "Des citoyens réclament l'indépendance de l'île de la Gonâve". Loop (in French). September 5, 2019. Retrieved September 5, 2019.
  49. ^ "Gouvernance Des gonaviens réclament l'indépendance de l'île". Vant Bèf Info (VBI) (in French). September 5, 2019. Retrieved September 5, 2019.
  50. ^ Lancaster, Claire (November 1, 2013). "Some Baja Californians would rather secede than pay higher sales tax". The World. Retrieved June 2, 2023.
  51. ^ "El Partido Peninsular de las Californias". www.elvigia.net (in Spanish). Retrieved May 26, 2023.
  52. ^ "Cobra fuerza el movimiento ciudadano "República de Baja California" - SanDiegoRed.com". SanDiegoRed (in Spanish). October 24, 2013. Retrieved June 2, 2023.
  53. ^ Vidal, John (February 17, 2018). "Mexico's Zapatista rebels, 24 years on and defiant in mountain strongholds". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved June 2, 2023.
  54. ^ Villegas, Paulina (August 26, 2017). "In a Mexico 'Tired of Violence,' Zapatista Rebels Venture Into Politics". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved June 2, 2023.
  55. ^ "Mexico's Zapatistas Have Been Rebelling for Decades". Teen Vogue. January 30, 2019. Retrieved June 2, 2023.
  56. ^ Tucker, Duncan. "Mexico's Zapatistas". www.aljazeera.com. Retrieved June 2, 2023.
  57. ^ "Triqui Indigenous Peoples Intercontinental Cry". Retrieved June 2, 2023.
  58. ^ "On a Hunger Strike, the Displaced women of San Juan Copala Intercontinental Cry". Retrieved June 2, 2023.
  59. ^ "Oaxaca: indigenous protest camp eviction". CounterVortex. January 7, 2013. Retrieved June 2, 2023.
  60. ^ "Call for demonstrations in Curaçao and St. Maarten on Dec. 19, expected apology by Rutte NL Times". nltimes.nl. Retrieved June 3, 2023.
  61. ^ "MFK Wants An Independent Curacao". Soualiga Youth. April 7, 2017. Retrieved June 3, 2023.
  62. ^ Leidel-Schenk, Leoni (October 12, 2012). "Partijen aan het woord: Pueblo Soberano". Versgeperst.com Curacao. Retrieved June 3, 2023.
  63. ^ "Movimiento Electoral di Pueblo: Pagina Principal".
  64. ^ "Independence for Nevis still on the agenda, says premier". Caribbean Net News. July 16, 2006. Archived from the original on August 8, 2006. Retrieved March 19, 2019.
  65. ^ "Address by the Leader of the Nevis Reformation Party Dr. Janice Daniel-Hodge New Year's Day 2022". NevisPages.com. December 31, 2021. Retrieved June 4, 2023.
  66. ^ "Freedom in the World 2013 - St. Kitts and Nevis". Refworld. Retrieved June 4, 2023.
  67. ^ a b Connelly, Corey (July 5, 2021). "Tracy: Does PDP want autonomy for Tobago? - Trinidad and Tobago Newsday". newsday.co.tt. Retrieved May 30, 2023.
  68. ^ a b "PNM slams PDP's plan for Tobago's independence Loop Trinidad & Tobago". Loop News. Retrieved May 30, 2023.
  69. ^ "House to debate autonomy". Tobago House of Assembly. January 20, 2014. Retrieved June 5, 2023.
  70. ^ Connelly, Corey (July 2, 2020). "One Tobago Voice to contest general election - Trinidad and Tobago Newsday". newsday.co.tt. Retrieved June 5, 2023.
  71. ^ "Far-fetched as they might seem, secession movements are thriving in the NW". opb. Retrieved May 31, 2023.
  72. ^ "Should Oregon Secede? Initiative Seeks To Ask Oregon Voters That Question". opb. Retrieved May 31, 2023.
  73. ^ "USA -". www.globalsecurity.org. Retrieved June 6, 2023.
  74. ^ "OST inauguration set for Friday". Rapid City Journal. December 2, 2008. Retrieved June 6, 2023.
  75. ^ "What is The League Of The South". League of The South. June 8, 2017. Retrieved June 7, 2023.
  76. ^ Weill, Kelly (March 27, 2018). "Neo-Confederate League of the South Banned From Armed Protesting in Charlottesville". The Daily Beast. Retrieved June 7, 2023.
  77. ^ Hayden, Michael Edison (January 27, 2018). "Violent White Nationalists Are Rallying in Florida". Newsweek. Retrieved June 7, 2023.
  78. ^ "New movement of religious extremists push ultra-conservative vision in US". the Guardian. August 9, 2021. Retrieved November 28, 2022.
  79. ^ a b "National MEChA The Philosophy of MEChA". May 17, 2011. Archived from the original on May 17, 2011. Retrieved December 7, 2022.
  80. ^ "My journey to Aztlán - Freedom Road Socialist Organization FRSO". March 4, 2020. Retrieved December 7, 2022.
  81. ^ "Recruitment". AZTLANECAS BROWN BERETS. Retrieved December 7, 2022.
  82. ^ "Defining 'Chicanismo' Since the 1969 Denver Youth Conference". KCET. March 24, 2016. Retrieved December 7, 2022.
  83. ^ "National M.E.Ch.A. Official Website". February 18, 2017. Archived from the original on February 18, 2017. Retrieved December 7, 2022.
  84. ^ "El socialismo - Freedom Road Socialist Organization FRSO". September 21, 2022. Retrieved December 7, 2022.
  85. ^ "Unity Statement of Freedom Road Socialist Organization - Freedom Road Socialist Organization". FRSO. May 6, 2001. Retrieved December 7, 2022.
  86. ^ Araiza, Lauren (November 14, 2013). To March for Others: The Black Freedom Struggle and the United Farm Workers. University of Pennsylvania Press. ISBN 978-0-8122-0883-2.
  87. ^ "Black Separatist Southern Poverty Law Center". February 17, 2021. Archived from the original on February 17, 2021. Retrieved June 6, 2023.
  88. ^ "Are US black separatist groups on the rise?". BBC News. July 11, 2016. Retrieved June 6, 2023.
  89. ^ "Our Work". UNITED NATION OF IFA-ORISA-VODUN. Retrieved December 17, 2022.
  90. ^ a b Fenster, Jordan (August 6, 2021). "Could New England secede from the union? This group hopes so". CT Insider. Retrieved June 20, 2022. "New England Independence Campaign". Retrieved October 9, 2022.
  91. ^ Welcome to the New England Independence Campaign. "New England Independence Campaign". Newenglandindependence.org. Retrieved March 27, 2023.
  92. ^ Reck, Keegan (October 8, 2021). "The case for New England independence". The Daily Campus. Retrieved June 7, 2023.
  93. ^ "Alaska secession initiative blocked by Alaska High Court". Ballotpedia. Retrieved June 7, 2023.
  94. ^ Francis, Marie (September 20, 2018). "We should revitalize the Alaska Independence Party. Here's why". Anchorage Daily News. Retrieved June 7, 2023.
  95. ^ "Alaskan Independence Party". www.akip.org.
  96. ^ "Column: Meet the man who wants to make California a sovereign entity". Los Angeles Times. August 26, 2015. Retrieved June 8, 2023.
  97. ^ Pearl, Mike (February 17, 2016). "Meet the California Separatists Leading a New Movement to Secede from the United States". Vice. Retrieved June 8, 2023.
  98. ^ Jennewein, Chris (July 27, 2017). "Independent California? Backers Begin Gathering Signatures for Initiative". Times of San Diego. Retrieved June 8, 2023.
  99. ^ Chappel, Bill (June 20, 2022). "Texas GOP's new platform says Biden didn't really win. It also calls for secession". npr. Retrieved June 8, 2023.
  100. ^ Holley, Peter (October 10, 2022). "Are Texas Republicans Serious About Secession?". Texas Monthly. Retrieved June 8, 2023.
  101. ^ "Texas Republican Introduces Bill Calling for Vote on Secession". Rolling Stone. March 6, 2023.
  102. ^ "A separatist movement to pull N.H. from the United States gets a hearing in Concord". New Hampshire Public Radio. January 21, 2022. Retrieved June 9, 2023.
  103. ^ West, Nancy (March 10, 2022). "New Hampshire Secession Goes Down in Flames". InDepthNH.org. Retrieved June 9, 2023.
  104. ^ "NHexit.US".
  105. ^ "Inspired by the Brexit, New Hampshire group seeks secession". WMUR. June 28, 2016. Retrieved June 9, 2023.
  106. ^ "Foundation for New Hampshire Independence – First Before. First Again". Foundation for New Hampshire Independence. Retrieved September 3, 2022.
  107. ^ "NHexit".
  108. ^ "Vermont Independence Party convention". Seven Days newspaper. September 2012.
  109. ^ "Only in Vermont?! A Vermont Independence Party (VIP) in the State House". VTDigger. August 30, 2012. Retrieved June 9, 2023.
  110. ^ "If at First You Don't Secede: Trump Could Revitalize Vermont Movement". Seven Days. Retrieved June 9, 2023.
  111. ^ Ketcham, Christopher (March 19, 2013). "U.S. Out of Vermont!". The American Prospect. Retrieved June 9, 2023.
  112. ^ Robles, Frances (June 11, 2017). "23% of Puerto Ricans Vote in Referendum, 97% of Them for Statehood". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved June 9, 2023.
  113. ^ Marcos, Coral Murphy (July 20, 2022). "Statehood or independence? Puerto Rico's status at forefront of political debate". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved June 9, 2023.
  114. ^ "The history of Puerto Rico shows that nationalism can be liberatory rather than xenophobic LSE Latin America and Caribbean". LSE Latin America and Caribbean blog. May 21, 2020. Retrieved June 9, 2023.
  115. ^ "International day of solidarity with the independence of Puerto Rico". www.gp.org. November 1, 2020. Retrieved June 9, 2023.
  116. ^ "What Does The USVI And Puerto Rico Have In Common? A Summary Of A Stimulating Discussion On Self-Determination In The Virgin Islands". viconsortium.com. Retrieved June 9, 2023.
  117. ^ 1995년 버뮤다 독립 국민투표
  118. ^ "Poll shows growing opposition to Bermuda's independence". CNW Network. January 13, 2023. Retrieved May 30, 2023.
  119. ^ "Throne Speech sparks debate on Independence – Bermuda Education Network". www.bermudaeducationnetwork.com. Retrieved May 30, 2023.