Page protected with pending changes

터키 시민에 대한 비자 요건

Visa requirements for Turkish citizens
터키 여권

터키 시민에 대한 비자 요건은 다른 국가의 당국이 터키 시민에게 부과하는 행정 입국 의무입니다.2022년 3월 16일 현재, 터키 시민들은 110개 국가와 지역에 도착 시 무비자 또는 비자를 가지고 있으며, 헨리 여권 [1]색인에 따르면 여행 자유도 에서 터키 여권을 50위에 랭크시켰다.

이 표에는 관광 및 기타 방문 목적을 위한 일반 여권 소지자의 비자 요건이 나와 있지만, 업무, 언론 등의 입국을 의미하는 것은 아닙니다.아래 "비자 필요 없음"으로 표시된 대부분의 국가는 유효한 귀국 티켓, 확인된 숙박 준비를 위한 서류 및 자활을 위한 충분한 자금의 증거를 요청합니다.

비자 요건 맵

터키 일반 여권 소지자의 비자 요건
터키 공화국
무비자.우크라이나, 몰도바, 조지아, 아제르바이잔, 세르비아 및 TRNC 신분증 소지
도착 시 비자 발급
전자 인증 또는 eVisa
비자는 도착 시 또는 온라인으로 이용 가능
비자필수

비자 요건

나라 비자 요건 체재 허용 비고(출국료 제외)
아프가니스탄 비자필수[2]
알바니아 비자는 필요 없습니다[3]. 90일
알제리 비자필수[4]
안도라 비자는 필요 없습니다[5]. 90일
  • 이 나라에는 자체 공항이 없기 때문에 프랑스나 스페인에 먼저 도착해야 하며 이들 국가에 입국하려면 비자가 필요합니다.
앙골라 비자필수[6]
앤티가 바부다 비자는 필요 없습니다[7]. 180일
아르헨티나 비자는 필요 없습니다[8]. 90일
아르메니아 eVisa / 도착 시 비자[9] 120일
호주. 비자필수[10]
  • 온라인으로 신청 가능(온라인 방문자 e600 비자).[11]
오스트리아 비자필수[12]
아제르바이잔 비자는 필요 없습니다[13][14]. 90일
  • 유효한 신분증[15]
  • 15일 이상 투숙할 경우 호텔 밖에서 투숙하는 투숙객은 현지 경찰에 등록해야 합니다.
바하마 비자는 필요 없습니다[16]. 8개월
바레인 eVisa / 도착 시 비자[17] 14일
  • eVisa 신청 가능.
방글라데시 도착 시 비자[18] 30일
바베이도스 비자는 필요 없습니다[19]. 6개월
벨라루스 비자는 필요 없습니다[20]. 30일
벨기에 비자필수[21]
벨리즈 비자는 필요 없습니다[22]. 90일
베냉 eVisa / 도착 시 비자[23][24] 30일 / 8일
  • 국제 예방 접종 증명서가 있어야 합니다.
부탄 비자필수[25]
볼리비아 비자는 필요 없습니다[26]. 90일
보스니아 헤르체고비나 비자는 필요 없습니다[27]. 90일
  • 임의의 6개월 이내에 90일
보츠와나 비자는 필요 없습니다[28]. 90일
브라질 비자는 필요 없습니다[29]. 90일
브루나이 비자는 필요 없습니다[30]. 30일
불가리아 비자필수[31]
  • 크로아티아, 키프로스, 루마니아 또는 셴겐 [32]회원국에 유효한 비자를 소지하고 있는 경우에는 비자가 필요하지 않습니다.
부르키나파소 비자필수[33]
부룬디 비자필수[34]
캄보디아 eVisa / 도착 시 비자[35] 30일
  • 비자는 [36]온라인에서도 구할 수 있습니다.
카메룬 비자필수[37]
캐나다 비자필수[38]
카보베르데 도착 시 비자[39]
중앙아프리카 공화국 비자필수[40]
차드 비자필수[41]
칠리 비자는 필요 없습니다[42]. 90일
중국 비자필수[43]
콜롬비아 비자는 필요 없습니다[44]. 180일
  • 90일 - 1년간 최대 180일 체재 연장 가능
코모로 도착 시 비자[45] 45일
콩고 공화국 비자필수[46]
콩고 민주 공화국 비자필수[47]
코스타리카 비자는 필요 없습니다[48]. 90일
코트디부아르 eVisa[49] 3개월
  • eVisa 소지자는 Port Bouet Airport를 통해 도착해야 합니다.
크로아티아 비자필수[50]
  • 불가리아, 키프로스, 루마니아 또는 셴겐 [51]회원국에 유효한 비자를 소지하고 있는 경우에는 비자가 필요하지 않습니다.
쿠바 투어리스트 카드[52] 필요
키프로스 비자필수[53]
체코 공화국 비자필수[54]
덴마크 비자필수[55]
지부티 eVisa[56] 31일
도미니카 비자는 필요 없습니다[57]. 21일
도미니카 공화국 비자는 필요 없습니다[58]. 90일
에콰도르 비자는 필요 없습니다[59]. 90일
이집트 비자필수[60]
  • 10명 이상의 여행자 단체로 여행하는 경우에는 비자가 필요하지 않습니다.
  • 20세 미만 터키인 입국 시 비자 또는 EU 거주 허가.
엘살바도르 비자는 필요 없습니다[61]. 3개월
적도 기니 비자는 필요 없습니다[62]. 90일
에리트레아 비자필수[63]
에스토니아 비자필수[64]
에스와티니 비자는 필요 없습니다[65]. 30일
에티오피아 eVisa[66] 최장 90일
피지 비자는 필요 없습니다[67]. 4개월
핀란드 비자필수[68]
프랑스. 비자필수[69]
가봉 eVisa / 도착 시 비자[70] 90일
감비아 비자는 필요 없습니다[72]. 90일
조지아 주 비자는 필요 없습니다[73]. 360일[74]
독일. 비자필수[76]
가나 비자필수[77]
그리스 비자필수[78]
그레나다 비자필수[79]
과테말라 비자는 필요 없습니다[80]. 90일
기니 eVisa[81] 90일
기니비사우 eVisa / 도착 시 비자[82] 30일
가이아나 비자필수[83]
아이티 비자는 필요 없습니다[84]. 90일
온두라스 비자는 필요 없습니다[85]. 3개월
헝가리 비자필수[86]
아이슬란드 비자필수[87]
인도 비자필수[88]
인도네시아 비자는 필요 없습니다[89]. 30일
  • 입력 포트를 선택합니다.
이란 비자는 필요 없습니다[90]. 3개월
이라크 비자필수[91]
아일랜드 비자필수[92]
  • 무비자 [93]통과 가능.
  • 국가 비자는 2021년 10월까지 영국 C 비자 소지자들로 대체될 수 있습니다.공통 여행 지역으로의 첫 번째 진입 지점이 [94]영국에 있는 경우에만 출입이 허용됩니다.
이스라엘 비자필수[95]
  • 비자는 이스라엘 [95]공관에서 무료로 발급받을 수 있다.
이탈리아 비자필수[96]
자메이카 비자는 필요 없습니다[97]. 90일
일본. 비자는 필요 없습니다[98]. 90일
조던 비자는 필요 없습니다[99]. 3개월
카자흐스탄 비자는 필요 없습니다[100]. 30일
케냐 eVisa[101] 3개월
키리바시 비자필수[102]
북한 비자필수[103]
대한민국. 비자는 필요 없습니다[104]. 90일
쿠웨이트 eVisa / 도착 시 비자[105] 3개월
키르기스스탄 비자는 필요 없습니다[106]. 30일
라오스 eVisa / 도착 시 비자[107][108] 30일
라트비아 비자필수[109]
레바논 입국 시 복수[110] 입국 비자 3개월
  • 1개월 연장 가능
  • 이스라엘 비자 또는 인감이 없는 경우 베이루트 국제 공항 또는 기타 입국 항구에서 무료로 부여되며, 전화번호, 레바논 주소 및 환불되지 않는 왕복 항공권을 소지하고 있습니다.
레소토 eVisa[111][112]
라이베리아 비자필수[113]
리비아 비자필수[114]
  • 무비자 [114]도착 시 공항 여권 심사원의 승인이 필요합니다.
리히텐슈타인 비자필수[115]
리투아니아 비자필수[116]
룩셈부르크 비자필수[117]
마다가스카르. eVisa / 도착 시 비자[118] 90일
말라위 eVisa[119][120] 90일
말레이시아 비자는 필요 없습니다[121]. 3개월
몰디브 도착 시 비자[122] 30일
말리 비자필수[123]
몰타 비자필수[124]
마셜 제도 도착 시 비자[125] 90일
모리타니 도착 시 비자[126]
모리셔스 비자는 필요 없습니다[127]. 90일
멕시코 전자 승인[128] 시스템 180일
  • 캐나다, 일본, 미국, 영국 또는 [129]셴겐 회원국의 유효한 비자를 소지한 경우 180일 비자가 무료입니다.
미크로네시아 비자는 필요 없습니다[130]. 30일
몰도바 비자는 필요 없습니다[131]. 90일
모나코 비자필수[133]
몽골 비자는 필요 없습니다[134]. 30일
몬테네그로 비자는 필요 없습니다[135]. 90일
모로코 비자는 필요 없습니다[136]. 3개월
모잠비크 도착 시 비자[137] 30일
미얀마 eVisa[138] 28일
나미비아 도착 시 비자[139]
나우루 비자필수[140]
네팔 도착 시 비자[141] 90일
네덜란드 비자필수[142]
뉴질랜드 비자필수[143]
  • 호주 영주권 비자 또는 거주자 귀국 비자 소지자는 도착 시 뉴질랜드 영주권 비자를 발급받을 수 있으며(태스먼 횡단 여행 약정에 따라) 무기한 체류를 허용하며,[144] 출발 전에 전자 여행 기관을 획득해야 합니다.
니카라과 비자는 필요 없습니다[145]. 90일
니제르 비자필수[146]
나이지리아 비자필수[147]
북마케도니아 비자는 필요 없습니다[148]. 60일
노르웨이 비자필수[149]
오만 비자는 필요 없습니다[150]. 14일
파키스탄 전자 여행 허가[151]
  • 전자 여행 허가: 도착 시 관광 목적으로 [152]비자를 발급받습니다.
  • 비즈니스 목적으로 [153]입국 시 비자를 발급받기 위한 전자 여행 승인.
  • 온라인 비자가 [154]대상입니다.
팔라우 도착 시 비자[155] 30일
파나마 비자는 필요 없습니다[156]. 180일
파푸아뉴기니 비자필수[157]
파라과이 비자는 필요 없습니다[158]. 90일
페루 비자는 필요 없습니다[159][160]. 183일
필리핀 비자는 필요 없습니다[161][162]. 30일
폴란드 비자필수[163]
포르투갈 비자필수[164]
카타르 비자는 필요 없습니다[165]. 90일
루마니아 비자필수[166]
  • 불가리아, 크로아티아, 키프로스 또는 셴겐 [167]회원국에 유효한 비자를 소지하고 있는 경우에는 비자가 필요하지 않습니다.
러시아 eVisa[168] 16일
  • e-Visa 소지자는 29개의[169] 체크포인트를 통해 출입해야 합니다.
르완다 eVisa / 도착 시 비자[170] 30일
세인트키츠 네비스 비자는 필요 없습니다[171]. 3개월
세인트루시아 비자는 필요 없습니다[172]. 6주
세인트빈센트 그레나딘 비자는 필요 없습니다[173]. 1개월
사모아 도착 시 출입[174] 허가증 60일
산마리노 비자필수[175]
상투메프린시페 비자는 필요 없습니다[176]. 15일[177][178]
사우디아라비아 비자필수[179]
세네갈 도착 시 비자[180] 90일
세르비아 비자는 필요 없습니다[181]. 90일
세이셸 도착[183] 시 방문자 허가증 3개월
시에라리온 도착 시 비자[184]
싱가포르 비자는 필요 없습니다[185]. 30일
슬로바키아 비자필수[186]
슬로베니아 비자필수[184]
솔로몬 제도 비자필수[187]
소말리아 도착 시 비자[188] 30일
남아프리카 공화국 비자는 필요 없습니다[189]. 30일
남수단 전자[190] 비자
  • 온라인으로 입수 가능[191]
  • 여행[191] 시 인쇄된 비자 승인서를 제시해야 합니다.
스페인 비자필수[192]
스리랑카 eVisa / 도착 시 비자[193] 30일
수단 도착 시 비자[194] 1개월
  • 터키에서 직접 도착하는 경우에만요.
수리남 E-투어리스트 카드[195] 90일
  • 다중 엔트리 eVisa도 사용할 [196]수 있습니다.
스웨덴 비자필수[197]
스위스 비자필수[198]
시리아 비자필수[199][200][201][202]
타지키스탄 비자는 필요 없습니다[203]. 30일
  • 비자는 온라인으로도 이용 가능합니다.
  • E-visa 소지자는 모든 경계점을 [204]통해 입장할 수 있습니다.
탄자니아 eVisa / 도착 시 비자[205][206] 3개월
태국. 비자는 필요 없습니다[207]. 30일
  • 항공편으로 도착하지 않을 경우 연간 최대 2회 방문.
티모르-레스테 도착 시 비자[208] 30일
포장이요 도착 시 비자[209] 7일
통가 도착 시 비자[210] 31일
트리니다드 토바고 비자는 필요 없습니다[211]. 90일
튀니지 비자는 필요 없습니다[212]. 3개월
투르크메니스탄 비자필수[213]
투발루 도착 시 비자[214] 1개월
우간다 eVisa / 도착 시 비자[215] 3개월
  • 온라인으로 [216]신청할 수 있습니다.
우크라이나 비자는 필요 없습니다[217]. 90일
아랍에미리트 비자필수[219]
  • 온라인으로 [220]신청할 수 있습니다.
영국 비자필수[221]
미국 비자필수[223]
우루과이 비자는 필요 없습니다[224]. 90일
우즈베키스탄 Visa not required[225] 30 days
Vanuatu Visa not required[226] 30 days
Vatican City Visa required[227]
Venezuela Visa not required[228] 90 days
Vietnam Visa required[229]
Yemen Visa required[232]
Zambia eVisa / Visa on arrival[233] 90 days
Zimbabwe eVisa / Visa on arrival[234] 3 months

Dependent, disputed, or restricted territories

Visa requirements for Turkish citizens for visits to various territories, disputed areas, partially recognized countries and restricted zones:

Africa
Asia
Caribbean and North Atlantic
  • Anguilla — Visa required - Possible to visit with a multiple entry Canada, USA or United Kingdom visa.[257]
  • Aruba — Visa required - Possible to visit with a multiple entry Schengen visa or an EU residence permit.[258]
  • Netherlands Bonaire, St. Eustatius and Saba — Visa required - Possible to visit with a multiple entry Schengen visa or an EU residence permit.[259]
  • Bermuda — Visa required - Possible to visit with a multiple entry US, UK or Canada visa.[260]
  • British Virgin Islands — Visa not required - 30 days.[261]
  • Cayman Islands — Visa required. Possible to visit with US Green Card if arriving directly from USA.[262]
  • Colombia — Visitors arriving at San Andrés must buy tourist cards on arrival.[263]
  • Curacao — Visa required - Possible to visit with a multiple entry Schengen visa or an EU residence permit .[264]
  • Montserrat — Visa required - eVisa Application Possible. Possible to visit with a multiple entry EU Member State, Canada or USA visa.[265]
  • Greenland — Visa required.[266]
  • Venezuela Margarita Island — All visitors are fingerprinted.[267]
  • Puerto Rico — Visa required - Possible to visit with a multiple entry US visa [268]
  • Saint Barthelemy — Visa required. Possible to visit with a multiple entry Schengen visa or an EU residence permit.[269]
  • Saint Martin — Visa required - Possible to visit with a multiple entry Schengen visa or an EU residence permit.[269]
  • Saint Pierre and Miquelon — Visa required. Possible to visit with a multiple entry Schengen visa or an EU residence permit.[269]
  • Sint Maarten — Visa required - Possible to visit with a multiple entry Schengen visa or an EU residence permit.[270]
  • Turks and Caicos Islands — Visa not required [271]
  • U.S. Virgin Islands — Visa required - Possible to visit with a multiple entry US visa [272]
Europe
Oceania
South America
  • Bandera Provincia Galápagos.svg Galápagos — Online pre-registration is required. Transit Control Card must also be obtained at the airport prior to departure.[314]
South Atlantic and Antarctica

Non-ordinary passports

In addition to countries that provide visa-free access to all Turkish passport holders, holders of diplomatic or service Turkish passports have visa-free access to the following additional countries:

Type of passport Visa-free access
Diplomatic passports only Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Burundi, Chad, Ghana, Guinea, India, Liberia, Mali, Mexico, Niger, Nigeria, Uganda, United Kingdom, Zimbabwe
Diplomatic, special and service passports Algeria, Austria, Azerbaijan, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cameroon, Cape Verde, China, Côte d'Ivoire, Cuba, Croatia, Czech Republic, Denmark, Egypt, Estonia, Ethiopia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Guyana, Hungary, Iceland, Iraq, Israel, Italy, Kuwait, Latvia, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malawi, Malta, Mauritania, Monaco, Mozambique, Namibia, Netherlands (including the Caribbean), Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia,[334] Rwanda, San Marino, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sudan, Sweden, Switzerland, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Turkmenistan, United Arab Emirates, Vatican City, Vietnam, Yemen

Bahrain, Burkina Faso, Cambodia and South Sudan allow holders of diplomatic, official, service and special passports issued to nationals of any country to obtain a visa on arrival. Yemen allows holders of diplomatic and service passports of Turkey to obtain a visa on arrival.

Some of the countries that exempt Turkish citizens from visa requirement offer longer period of stay or more beneficial terms to diplomatic or service passport holders than to the ordinary passport holders.

Consular protection of Turkish citizens abroad

Map of countries with Turkish representations

There are 142 resident embassies, 89 consulates and Total of 235 states that recognise Turkey.

See also List of diplomatic missions of Turkey.

Non-visa restrictions


Blank passport pages

Many countries require a minimum number of blank pages to be available in the passport being presented, typically one or two pages.[335] Endorsement pages, which often appear after the visa pages, are not counted as being valid or available.

Vaccination

An International Certificate of Vaccination or Prophylaxis is required to prove that someone has been vaccinated against yellow fever

Many African countries, including Benin, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo, Côte d'Ivoire, Gabon, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya, Liberia, Niger, Rwanda, Sierra Leone and Togo, require all incoming passengers older than nine months to one year[336] to have a current International Certificate of Vaccination or Prophylaxis, as does the South American territory of French Guiana.[337]

Some other countries require vaccination only if the passenger is coming from an infected area or has visited one recently or has transited for 12 hours in those countries: Algeria, Botswana, Cabo Verde, Chad, Djibouti, Egypt, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Lesotho, Libya, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Madagascar, Malawi, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mozambique, Namibia, Nigeria, Papua New Guinea, Seychelles, Somalia, South Africa, Sudan, Tunisia, Uganda, United Republic of Tanzania, Zambia and Zimbabwe.[338][339]

An increasing number of countries have been imposing additional COVID-19 related health restrictions such as quarantine measures and testing requirements. Many countries increasingly consider the vaccination status of travellers with regard to quarantine requirements or when deciding to allow them entry at all.[340]

Passport validity length

Very few countries, such as Paraguay, just require a passport valid on arrival.

However many countries and groupings now require only an identity card - especially from their neighbours. Other countries may have special bilateral arrangements that depart from the generality of their passport validity length policies to shorten the period of passport validity required for each other's citizens[341][342] or even accept passports that have already expired (but not been cancelled).[343]

Some countries, such as Japan,[344] Ireland and the United Kingdom,[345] require a passport valid throughout the period of the intended stay.

In the absence of specific bilateral agreements, countries requiring passports to be valid for at least 6 more months on arrival include Afghanistan, Algeria, Anguilla, Bahrain,[346] Bhutan, Botswana, British Virgin Islands, Brunei, Cambodia, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Cayman Islands, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Costa Rica, Côte d'Ivoire, Curaçao, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Fiji, Gabon, Guinea Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Israel,[347] Jordan, Kenya, Kiribati, Kuwait, Laos, Madagascar, Malaysia, Marshall Islands, Mongolia, Myanmar, Namibia, Nepal, Nicaragua, Nigeria, Oman, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Peru.[348] Philippines,[349] Qatar, Rwanda, Samoa, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, Solomon Islands, Somalia, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Tanzania, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Tokelau, Tonga, Turkey, Tuvalu, Uganda, United Arab Emirates, Vanuatu, Venezuela, and Vietnam.[350]

Countries requiring passports valid for at least 4 months on arrival include Micronesia and Zambia.

Countries requiring passports with a validity of at least 3 months beyond the date of intended departure include Azerbaijan, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, Nauru, Moldova and New Zealand. Similarly, the EEA countries of Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway, all European Union countries (except the Republic of Ireland) together with Switzerland also require 3 months validity beyond the date of the bearer's intended departure unless the bearer is an EEA or Swiss national.

Countries requiring passports valid for at least 3 months on arrival include Albania, Honduras, North Macedonia, Panama, and Senegal.

Bermuda requires passports to be valid for at least 45 days upon entry.

Countries that require a passport validity of at least one month beyond the date of intended departure include Eritrea, Hong Kong, Lebanon, Macau, the Maldives[351] and South Africa.

Criminal record

Some countries, including Australia, Canada, Fiji, New Zealand and the United States,[352] routinely deny entry to non-citizens who have a criminal record while others impose restrictions depending on the type of conviction and the length of the sentence.

Persona non grata

The government of a country can declare a diplomat persona non grata, banning entry into that country. In non-diplomatic use, the authorities of a country may also declare a foreigner persona non grata permanently or temporarily, usually because of unlawful activity.[353]

Israeli stamps

Israeli border control Entry Permit (issued as a stand-alone document rather than a stamp affixed in a passport)

Kuwait,[354] Lebanon,[355] Libya,[356] Syria,[357] and Yemen[358] do not allow entry to people with passport stamps from Israel or whose passports have either a used or an unused Israeli visa, or where there is evidence of previous travel to Israel such as entry or exit stamps from neighbouring border posts in transit countries such as Jordan and Egypt.

To circumvent this Arab League boycott of Israel, the Israeli immigration services have now mostly ceased to stamp foreign nationals' passports on either entry to or exit from Israel (unless the entry is for some work-related purposes). Since 15 January 2013, Israel no longer stamps foreign passports at Ben Gurion Airport. Passports are still (as of 22 June 2017) stamped at Erez when passing into and out of Gaza.[citation needed]

Iran refuses admission to holders of passports containing an Israeli visa or stamp that is less than 12 months old.

Armenian ethnicity

Entry Permit to Nagorno-Karabakh issued in Yerevan as a stand-alone document rather than a visa affixed in a passport

Due to the state of war between Armenia and Azerbaijan in 2020,[359][360][361] Armenian citizens and other foreign nationals of Armenian descent are likely to encounter difficulties when attempting to enter the Republic of Azerbaijan.[362][363][364]

Azerbaijan bans visits by foreign citizens to the separatist region of Nagorno-Karabakh[364] (the de facto independent Republic of Artsakh), its surrounding territories, and the Azerbaijani exclaves of Karki, Yuxarı Əskipara, Barxudarlı, and Sofulu which are de jure part of Azerbaijan but under the control of Armenia, without the prior consent of the government of Azerbaijan. Foreign citizens who enter these territories will be permanently banned from entering the Republic of Azerbaijan[365] and will be included in their "list of personae non gratae".[366] As of 2 September 2019, the list mentioned 852 people.

Biometrics

A fingerprint scanner at Dulles International Airport collects biometric data on visitors, which can be used for confirming identities.

Several countries mandate that all travellers, or all foreign travellers, be fingerprinted on arrival and will refuse admission to or even arrest travellers who refuse to comply. In some countries, such as the United States, this may apply even to transit passengers who merely wish to quickly change planes rather than go landside.[367]

Fingerprinting countries include Afghanistan,[368][369] Argentina,[370] Brunei, Cambodia,[371] China,[372] Ethiopia,[373] Ghana, Guinea,[374] India, Japan,[375][376] Kenya (both fingerprints and a photo are taken),[377] Malaysia upon entry and departure,[378] Mongolia, Paraguay, Saudi Arabia,[379] Singapore, South Korea,[380] Taiwan, Thailand,[381] Uganda,[382] the United Arab Emirates and the United States.

Many countries also require a photo be taken of people entering the country. The United States, which does not fully implement exit control formalities at its land frontiers (although long mandated by domestic legislation),[383][384][385] intends to implement facial recognition for passengers departing from international airports to identify people who overstay their visa.[386]

Together with fingerprint and face recognition, iris scanning is one of three biometric identification technologies internationally standardised since 2006 by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) for use in e-passports[387] and the United Arab Emirates conducts iris scanning on visitors who need to apply for a visa.[388][389] The United States Department of Homeland Security has announced plans to greatly increase the biometric data it collects at US borders.[390] In 2018, Singapore began trials of iris scanning at three land and maritime immigration checkpoints.[391][392]


See also

References and Notes

References
  1. ^ "Passport Index Henley & Partners" (PDF). Henleypassportindex.com. Retrieved 9 March 2022.
  2. ^ Visa information, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Afghanistan.
  3. ^ Visa regime for foreign citizens, Ministry for Europe and Foreign Affairs of Albania.
  4. ^ Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
  5. ^ Travel to Andorra, Ministry of External Affairs of Andorra.
  6. ^ Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
  7. ^ Countries exempt from visa, Department of Immigration of Antigua and Barbuda.
  8. ^ Visa regime, National Directorate of Migrations of Argentina (in Spanish).
  9. ^ Visa, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Armenia.
  10. ^ Visitor visa options, Department of Home Affairs of Australia.
  11. ^ "Visitor e600 Visa Online Applications". Department of Immigration and Border Protection.
  12. ^ Schengen visa, Federal Ministry for Europe, Integration and Foreign Affairs of Austria.
  13. ^ Countries with visa-free travel regime, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Azerbaijan (in Azerbaijani).
  14. ^ "Büyükelçiden vize muafiyeti müjdesi! O ülke vize muafiyet süresini uzattı! İşte Türk vatandaşlarından vize istemeyen ülkeler..." [Good news of visa exemption from the Ambassador ! That country extended the visa exemption period! Here are the countries that do not require a visa from Turkish citizens ...]. sabah.com.tr (in Turkish). 3 June 2020 [27 February 2020].
  15. ^ "Resmî Gazete" (PDF). Retrieved 9 March 2022.
  16. ^ Visa requirements for foreigners travelling to the Bahamas, Government of the Bahamas, 18 February 2014.
  17. ^ Bahrain eVisas, Ministry of Interior of Bahrain.
  18. ^ Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
  19. ^ Barbados Visa Requirements and Reciprocal Arrangements, Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Foreign Trade of Barbados, 1 July 2020.
  20. ^ Visa-free travel, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Belarus.
  21. ^ Visa for Belgium, Federal Public Service Foreign Affairs of Belgium.
  22. ^ "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 12 December 2015. Retrieved 17 December 2014.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  23. ^ Visa, Emigration and Immigration Directorate of Benin.
  24. ^ eVisa Benin
  25. ^ Visa, Tourism Council of Bhutan.
  26. ^ Requirements to enter Bolivia, General Directorate of Migration of Bolivia (in Spanish).
  27. ^ Visas, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Bosnia and Herzegovina.
  28. ^ Requirements for visa application, Government of Botswana.
  29. ^ Visas to travel to Brazil, Ministry of External Relations of Brazil (in Portuguese and English).
  30. ^ Country category for visa application, Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade of Brunei.
  31. ^ Visa for Bulgaria, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Bulgaria.
  32. ^ Visa for Bulgaria, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Bulgaria.
  33. ^ Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
  34. ^ Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
  35. ^ Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
  36. ^ http://evisa.mfaic.gov.kh Archived 2014-07-28 at the Wayback Machine
  37. ^ Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
  38. ^ Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
  39. ^ Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
  40. ^ Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
  41. ^ Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
  42. ^ Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
  43. ^ Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
  44. ^ Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
  45. ^ Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
  46. ^ Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
  47. ^ Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
  48. ^ Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
  49. ^ "E-Visa – Snedai Groupe". Snedai.com. Retrieved 9 March 2022.
  50. ^ Visa requirements overview, Ministry of Foreign and European Affairs of Croatia.
  51. ^ Visa requirements overview, Ministry of Foreign and European Affairs of Croatia.
  52. ^ Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
  53. ^ Visa policy, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Cyprus.
  54. ^ List of states whose citizens are exempt from visa requirement, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Czech Republic, 13 July 2017.
  55. ^ Countries with a visa requirement and visa-free countries, Danish Immigration Service, 8 December 2017.
  56. ^ eVisa
  57. ^ Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
  58. ^ Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
  59. ^ Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
  60. ^ Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
  61. ^ Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
  62. ^ Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
  63. ^ Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
  64. ^ Who does not need a visa to visit Estonia?, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Estonia, 2 November 2017.
  65. ^ Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
  66. ^ "Ethiopia electronic visa". Main Department for Immigration and Nationality Affairs, Ethiopia. Retrieved 24 November 2018.
  67. ^ Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
  68. ^ Visa requirement and travel documents accepted by Finland, Ministry for Foreign Affairs of Finland.
  69. ^ Foreign nationals holding ordinary passports exempt from visa requirements, Ministry for Europe and Foreign Affairs of France, January 2016.
  70. ^ Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
  71. ^ "Gabon e-Visa". evisa.dgdi.ga.
  72. ^ Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
  73. ^ Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
  74. ^ Georgia, Civil. "Civil.Ge - Georgia Restores One-Year Visa-Free Rules". www.civil.ge. Archived from the original on 8 August 2017. Retrieved 17 July 2017.
  75. ^ https://www.timaticweb.com/cgi-bin/tim_website_client.cgi?FullText=1&COUNTRY=ge&SECTION=pa&SUBSECTION=pt&user=KLMB2C&subuser=KLMB2C[permanent dead link]
  76. ^ Overview of visa requirements/exemptions for entry into the Federal Republic of Germany, Federal Foreign Office of Germany.
  77. ^ Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
  78. ^ Countries requiring or not requiring a visa, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Greece, 13 June 2017.
  79. ^ Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
  80. ^ Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
  81. ^ Guinea eVisa
  82. ^ "Electronic Visa Application System - Guinea Bissau". www.rgb-visa.com. Archived from the original on 31 May 2019. Retrieved 17 July 2017.
  83. ^ Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
  84. ^ Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
  85. ^ Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
  86. ^ Countries that do not need a visa, Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade of Hungary.
  87. ^ Who does not need a visa, Directorate of Immigration of Iceland.
  88. ^ Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
  89. ^ Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
  90. ^ Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
  91. ^ a b دقيقة. "العراق يفرض تأشيرة دخول مسبقة على الأتراك". Alarabiya.net. Retrieved 9 March 2022.
  92. ^ Countries that need a visa for Ireland, Irish Naturalisation and Immigration Service.
  93. ^ "Irish Transit Visas".
  94. ^ "The British-Irish Visa Scheme" (PDF). Retrieved 8 March 2018.
  95. ^ a b Tourist visa table, Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 23 May 2017.
  96. ^ Visa for Italy, Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation of Italy.
  97. ^ Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
  98. ^ "Japonya Covid-19 tedbirleri dolayısıyla sınırlarını Türkiye dahil 159 ülke ve bölgeye kapattı Euronews". Tr.euronews.com. 7 October 2020. Retrieved 9 March 2022.
  99. ^ Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
  100. ^ Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
  101. ^ eCitizen. "eCitizen - Gateway to All Government Services". immigration.ecitizen.go.ke.
  102. ^ Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
  103. ^ Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
  104. ^ Korea, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of. "Visit to Korea > Visa". Archived from the original on 3 July 2013. Retrieved 17 July 2017.
  105. ^ "Kuwait e-Visa". evisa.moi.gov.kw. Retrieved 17 July 2017.
  106. ^ Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
  107. ^ Laos eVisa
  108. ^ Laos visa to be issued for Turkish citizens at border
  109. ^ Countries whose citizens may enter Latvia without a visa, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Latvia, 9 October 2017.
  110. ^ Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
  111. ^ "visa lesotho tourism documents travel evisalesotho.com". Lesotho E-Visa. Retrieved 17 July 2017.
  112. ^ Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
  113. ^ Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
  114. ^ a b Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
  115. ^ Visa, Government of Liechtenstein (in German).
  116. ^ Do I need a visa?, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Lithuania, 30 August 2017.
  117. ^ Staying in Luxembourg for less than 90 days, Government of Luxembourg.
  118. ^ "eVisa Madagascar". Archived from the original on 15 April 2020. Retrieved 31 May 2019.
  119. ^ "Malawi e-Visa System Malawi Visa Online The Official e-Visa Application Portal of Malawi Department of Immigration and Citizenship Services". Evisa.gov.mw. Retrieved 9 March 2022.
  120. ^ Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
  121. ^ Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
  122. ^ Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
  123. ^ Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
  124. ^ Who requires a visa?, Identity Malta.
  125. ^ Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
  126. ^ Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
  127. ^ Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
  128. ^ Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
  129. ^ Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
  130. ^ Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
  131. ^ Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
  132. ^ "Fuat Oktay, Moldova-Türkiye Arası Kimlikle Seyahat Edileceğini Açıkladı". Haberler. 30 August 2018. Retrieved 9 March 2022.
  133. ^ Before you leave, Monaco Government Tourist Office.
  134. ^ Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
  135. ^ Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
  136. ^ Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
  137. ^ Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
  138. ^ Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
  139. ^ Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
  140. ^ Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
  141. ^ Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
  142. ^ Short-stay Schengen visa (90 days or less), Government of the Netherlands.
  143. ^ Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
  144. ^ "Information about: Australian Resident Visa". immigration.govt.nz. Immigration New Zealand. Retrieved 21 May 2020. Australian citizens and permanent residents can visit, work and live in New Zealand. You do not need a visa before you travel to New Zealand.
  145. ^ Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
  146. ^ Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
  147. ^ Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
  148. ^ Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
  149. ^ Persons who do not need a visa to visit Norway, Norwegian Directorate of Immigration.
  150. ^ "Oman extends visa-free period for visitors from 103 countries". Arab News. 20 January 2021. Retrieved 20 January 2021.
  151. ^ "Online visa system of Pakistan". Ministry of Interior. Pakistan.
  152. ^ "Tourist Visa in Your Inbox". Ministry of Interior. Pakistan.
  153. ^ "Business Visa in Your Inbox". Ministry of Interior. Pakistan.
  154. ^ "Tourist Visa". Ministry of Interior. Pakistan.
  155. ^ Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
  156. ^ Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
  157. ^ Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
  158. ^ Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
  159. ^ Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
  160. ^ "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 1 May 2015. Retrieved 8 January 2015.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  161. ^ "Guidelines on the Entry of Temporary Visitors to the Philippines". Retrieved 17 July 2017.
  162. ^ Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
  163. ^ Visa-free countries, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Poland.
  164. ^ Third countries whose citizens are required to have a visa, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Portugal.
  165. ^ "Qatar Visas".
  166. ^ Do I need a visa?, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Romania.
  167. ^ Do I need a visa?, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Romania.
  168. ^ Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
  169. ^ "Electronic visa / Consular department of MFA of Russia". kdmid.ru. Retrieved 1 January 2021.
  170. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 16 October 2013. Retrieved 9 April 2014.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  171. ^ Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
  172. ^ Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
  173. ^ Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
  174. ^ Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
  175. ^ Border formalities, San Marino Tourism Board.
  176. ^ Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
  177. ^ STP, MNEC. "Nota Informativa sobre Isenção de Vistos e Permanencia em São Tomé e Príncipe". Archived from the original on 9 May 2018. Retrieved 17 July 2017.
  178. ^ "Ministério Negócios Estrangeiros e Comunidades de São Tomé Príncipe". www.facebook.com. Retrieved 17 July 2017.
  179. ^ Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
  180. ^ Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
  181. ^ Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
  182. ^ "Turks and Serbians Can Now Travel with ID Card". FTNnews. Retrieved 10 June 2022.
  183. ^ Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
  184. ^ a b Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
  185. ^ Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
  186. ^ Consular information and travel visa, Ministry of Foreign and European Affairs of Slovakia.
  187. ^ Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
  188. ^ Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
  189. ^ Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
  190. ^ "Do I need a visa to travel to South Sudan?". Ministry of Internal Affairs. South Sudan.
  191. ^ a b "Apply for a South Sudan Visa Online". Ministry of Internal Affairs. South Sudan.
  192. ^ Entry requirements, Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Cooperation of Spain.
  193. ^ Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
  194. ^ Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
  195. ^ "Welcome to Suriname E-VISA Website". suriname.vfsevisa.com.
  196. ^ "Who can apply for E-Visa?". suriname.vfsevisa.com.
  197. ^ List of foreign citizens who require visa for entry into Sweden, Government of Sweden.
  198. ^ Overview of ID and visa provisions according to nationality, State Secretariat for Migration of Switzerland.
  199. ^ "Syria terminates agreement on visa-free regime with Turkey — foreign ministry". Retrieved 17 July 2017.
  200. ^ "Syria revokes visa waiver agreement with Turkey". 17 December 2015. Retrieved 17 July 2017.
  201. ^ "Latin American Herald Tribune - Syria Cancels Mutual Visa Exemption Agreement with Turkey". www.laht.com. Retrieved 17 July 2017.
  202. ^ "General Organization of Radio and TV - Syria". www.syriaonline.sy. Retrieved 17 July 2017.
  203. ^ "Таджикистан вводит односторонний безвизовый режим для граждан 52 стран Новости Таджикистана ASIA-Plus". www.asiaplustj.info. Retrieved 20 January 2022.
  204. ^ "Tajikistan e-Visa". www.evisa.tj. Retrieved 17 July 2017.
  205. ^ eVisa Tanzania
  206. ^ Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
  207. ^ Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
  208. ^ Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
  209. ^ Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
  210. ^ Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
  211. ^ Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
  212. ^ Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
  213. ^ Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
  214. ^ Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
  215. ^ Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
  216. ^ "Uganda e-Visa". visas.immigration.go.ug.
  217. ^ Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
  218. ^ "Ankara, Kiev to sign deal for passport-free travel". Anadolu Agency. Retrieved 17 July 2017.
  219. ^ Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
  220. ^ Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
  221. ^ UK visa requirements: list for carriers, Government of the United Kingdom, 2 October 2017.
  222. ^ "You'll need a visa to pass through the UK in transit (unless you're exempt) - Check if you need a UK visa - GOV.UK". www.gov.uk.
  223. ^ Travel without a visa, United States Department of State.
  224. ^ Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
  225. ^ Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
  226. ^ Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
  227. ^ Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
  228. ^ Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
  229. ^ Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
  230. ^ "Phu Quoc Visa - Exemptions - Requirements - Vietnam". 13 January 2016. Retrieved 17 July 2017.
  231. ^ a b "No visa required for tourists to Phu Quoc on short stay - Vietsea Tourist - Travel to Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia and Thailand - Vietnam Travel Tours". www.vietseatourist.vn. Retrieved 17 July 2017.
  232. ^ Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
  233. ^ Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
  234. ^ Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
  235. ^ Splinter, Hans van der. "Ministry of Tourism - Tourism Service Center". www.eritrea.be. Retrieved 17 July 2017.
  236. ^ "Entry requirements - Western Sahara travel advice - GOV.UK". www.gov.uk. Retrieved 17 July 2017.
  237. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 6 November 2014. Retrieved 1 August 2014.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  238. ^ a b "Sudan". travel.state.gov. Archived from the original on 5 September 2015. Retrieved 17 July 2017.
  239. ^ Visit visa / entry permit requirements for the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Immigration Department of Hong Kong, April 2017.
  240. ^ "Archived copy". www.timaticweb.com. Archived from the original on 14 March 2014. Retrieved 3 February 2022.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  241. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 1 July 2014. Retrieved 1 August 2014.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  242. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 13 July 2014. Retrieved 1 August 2014.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  243. ^ "Kazakhstan". travel.state.gov. Archived from the original on 5 September 2015. Retrieved 17 July 2017.
  244. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 20 January 2015. Retrieved 17 December 2014.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  245. ^ Entry and exit of non-residents, Public Security Police Force of Macau.
  246. ^ "Malaysia". travel.state.gov. Archived from the original on 5 September 2015. Retrieved 17 July 2017.
  247. ^ "Maldives". travel.state.gov. Archived from the original on 5 September 2015. Retrieved 17 July 2017.
  248. ^ Tourist visa table, Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 23 May 2017.
  249. ^ Visa, Bureau of Consular Affairs of Taiwan.
  250. ^ "Pamirs - the roof of the world". www.pamirs.org. Archived from the original on 30 June 2017. Retrieved 17 December 2014.
  251. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 23 April 2015. Retrieved 1 August 2014.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  252. ^ "Tajikistan Visa". 19 April 2012. Archived from the original on 6 July 2017. Retrieved 17 July 2017.
  253. ^ "Archived copy". www.timaticweb.com. Archived from the original on 14 March 2014. Retrieved 3 February 2022.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  254. ^ "How to get Tibet Travel Permit, Successful Application Tips". Tibet Travel and Tours - Tibet Vista. Retrieved 17 July 2017.
  255. ^ "How to get a Tibet Travel Permits - Tibet Visa 2016?". www.tibettravelplanner.com. Archived from the original on 22 October 2017. Retrieved 17 July 2017.
  256. ^ "Yemen". travel.state.gov. Archived from the original on 5 September 2015. Retrieved 17 July 2017.
  257. ^ Visa requirements for Anguilla, Government of Anguilla, October 2016.
  258. ^ Do I need a visa for the Caribbean parts of the Kingdom?, Government of the Netherlands.
  259. ^ Do I need a visa for the Caribbean parts of the Kingdom?, Government of the Netherlands.
  260. ^ Bermuda entry visas, Government of Bermuda.
  261. ^ Visas, Tourism Board of the British Virgin Islands.
  262. ^ Visa-free and visa-required countries, Department of Immigration of the Cayman Islands.
  263. ^ "Archived copy". www.timaticweb.com. Archived from the original on 2 July 2014. Retrieved 3 February 2022.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  264. ^ Do I need a visa for the Caribbean parts of the Kingdom?, Government of the Netherlands.
  265. ^ Before you leave, Monaco Government Tourist Office.
  266. ^ "Practical information - Find practical information". www.greenland-travel.com. Retrieved 17 July 2017.
  267. ^ "Venezuela". travel.state.gov. Archived from the original on 3 July 2015. Retrieved 17 July 2017.
  268. ^ Travel without a visa, United States Department of State.
  269. ^ a b c d e f "Foreign nationals holding ordinary passports exempt from visa requirements". France Diplomatie :: Ministry for Europe and Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 17 July 2017.
  270. ^ Do I need a visa for the Caribbean parts of the Kingdom?, Government of the Netherlands.
  271. ^ Requirements to obtain a Turks and Caicos visitor's visa, Ministry of Border Control and Employment of the Turks and Caicos Islands.
  272. ^ Travel without a visa, United States Department of State.
  273. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 23 June 2017. Retrieved 23 June 2017.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  274. ^ "The procedure of foreign citizens' entry to the NKR - MFA NKR". www.nkr.am. Archived from the original on 22 September 2017. Retrieved 17 December 2014.
  275. ^ "The Office of the Nagorno Karabakh Republic in USA". www.nkrusa.org.
  276. ^ FS. "Azərbaycan Respublikasının Xarici İşlər Nazirliyi Azərbaycan Respublikasının vətəndaşlarına Liviyada mövcud olan vəziyyətlə bağlı xəbərdarlıq edir, 12 may 2011-ci il". mfa.gov.az.
  277. ^ "The Friends of Mount Athos - A Pilgrim's Guide to Mount Athos: Planning Your Visit". www.athosfriends.org. Archived from the original on 1 December 2017. Retrieved 17 July 2017.
  278. ^ Ioannis, DATAFON Verginis G. "MOUNT ATHOS INFO, ΑΓΙΟΝ ΟΡΟΣ, BERG ATHOS, OURANOUPOLIS, ΟΥΡΑΝΟΥΠΟΛΗ". www.mountathosinfos.gr. Archived from the original on 1 December 2007. Retrieved 17 December 2014.
  279. ^ "Foreigners Now Need Russian Visa to Visit Crimea".
  280. ^ "VISA Regulations - Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus". 4 March 2014. Retrieved 17 July 2017.
  281. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 21 October 2014. Retrieved 1 August 2014.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  282. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 20 July 2014. Retrieved 30 July 2014.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  283. ^ Visas and immigration, Government of Gibraltar.
  284. ^ a b c "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2 December 2013. Retrieved 26 November 2013.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  285. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 29 June 2014. Retrieved 30 July 2014.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  286. ^ Ltd., Maxima Systems. "Isle of Man Guide - GOVERNMENT, Immigration". www.iomguide.com. Retrieved 17 July 2017.
  287. ^ Crew, Jan Mayen. "JAN MAYEN HOMESITE, EDITED BY THE JAN MAYEN CREW". www.jan-mayen.no. Archived from the original on 30 April 2013. Retrieved 17 July 2017.
  288. ^ "Forskrifter om utlendingers adgang til Jan Mayen" [Regulations on foreigners' access to Jan Mayen]. lovdata.no (in Norwegian). Archived from the original on 7 March 2022. Retrieved 7 March 2022.
  289. ^ Jersey, States of. "Work permits and working in Jersey". www.gov.je. Retrieved 17 July 2017.
  290. ^ "Special Categories Exempted From Visa Requirements - For Foreign Citizens - Consular Services - Ministry of Foreign Affairs - Republic of Kosovo". Ministry of Foreign Affairs - Republic of Kosovo.
  291. ^ "Russian Federation Country Specific Information". www.travel.state.gov. Archived from the original on 3 December 2013.
  292. ^ "О визах - Министерство иностранных дел". mfa-rso.su. Retrieved 17 July 2017.
  293. ^ "Procedure of the Entry to the Territory of the Republic of South Ossetia - Министерство иностранных дел". mfa-rso.su. Archived from the original on 15 October 2013. Retrieved 17 July 2017.
  294. ^ "Rules and recommendations - Transnistria tour". transnistria-tour.com. Retrieved 17 July 2017.
  295. ^ General information, American Samoa Visitors Bureau.
  296. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 31 October 2012. Retrieved 4 August 2015.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  297. ^ Quintero, Bruno. "Clipperton - Ile de La Passion". www.clipperton.fr. Retrieved 17 July 2017.
  298. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 15 November 2013. Retrieved 16 November 2013.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  299. ^ "Fiji". travel.state.gov. Archived from the original on 5 September 2015. Retrieved 17 July 2017.
  300. ^ Travel without a visa, United States Department of State.
  301. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 24 August 2014. Retrieved 1 August 2014.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  302. ^ Travel without a visa, United States Department of State.
  303. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 18 October 2013. Retrieved 25 September 2015.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  304. ^ Haigh, Bill. "Pitcairn Islands". www.government.pn.
  305. ^ "Immigration Control Ordinance 2006" (PDF). Government of the Pitcairn Islands. Archived (PDF) from the original on 6 November 2021. Retrieved 5 March 2022.
  306. ^ "Archived copy". www.timaticweb.com. Archived from the original on 15 March 2014. Retrieved 3 February 2022.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  307. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 17 October 2013. Retrieved 16 November 2013.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  308. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 17 October 2013. Retrieved 16 November 2013.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  309. ^ "Redirect Page". www.fws.gov. Retrieved 17 July 2017.
  310. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 7 June 2013. Retrieved 16 November 2013.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  311. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 17 October 2013. Retrieved 16 November 2013.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  312. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 28 January 2014. Retrieved 12 May 2014.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  313. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 22 May 2013. Retrieved 16 November 2013.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  314. ^ Galápagos, Consejo de Gobierno de Régimen Especial. "INFORME DE RENDICIÓN DE CUENTAS 2016 - Consejo de Gobierno de Régimen Especial Galápagos". gobiernogalapagos.gob.ec. Archived from the original on 21 February 2015. Retrieved 17 July 2017.
  315. ^ "Visit The Falkland Islands - Falklands". www.falklandislands.com. Retrieved 17 July 2017.
  316. ^ "Ascension Island E-Visa System". 13 November 2018.
  317. ^ "Entry Visas". 13 November 2018. Archived from the original on 16 November 2018. Retrieved 24 November 2018.
  318. ^ "Saint Helena eVisa". Saint Helena Government.
  319. ^ "VISA REQUIREMENTS FOR VISITING ST HELENA". St Helena Government. 14 December 2017. Retrieved 25 January 2018.
  320. ^ Grundy, Richard. "Tristan da Cunha Tourism". www.tristandc.com. Retrieved 17 July 2017.
  321. ^ "South Georgia and South Sandwich Islands (British Overseas Territory) travel advice - GOV.UK". www.fco.gov.uk. Retrieved 17 July 2017.
  322. ^ "Archived copy". www.sgisland.gs. Archived from the original on 12 April 2008. Retrieved 15 January 2022.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  323. ^ "Antarctic tourism - British Antarctic Survey". www.antarctica.ac.uk. Retrieved 17 July 2017.
  324. ^ "eTA Canada Visa Application — Apply for ESTA Online in Visa Waiver". etacanadaonline.com. Retrieved 17 July 2017.
  325. ^ "Accès à l'Antarctique". www.taaf.fr. Archived from the original on 1 May 2018. Retrieved 17 July 2017.
  326. ^ "Accès aux Terres australes françaises". www.taaf.fr. Archived from the original on 2 May 2014. Retrieved 17 July 2017.
  327. ^ "Accès aux îles Eparses". www.taaf.fr. Archived from the original on 17 April 2018. Retrieved 17 July 2017.
  328. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 5 August 2014. Retrieved 1 August 2014.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  329. ^ "Forms expeditioners must sign". www.antarctica.gov.au. Archived from the original on 27 November 2012. Retrieved 17 July 2017.
  330. ^ Division, c=AU;o=Commonwealth of Australia;ou=Department of the Environment and Energy;ou=Australian Antarctic. "Frequently asked questions". www.heardisland.aq. Retrieved 17 July 2017.
  331. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 17 October 2013. Retrieved 12 May 2014.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  332. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 17 October 2013. Retrieved 20 August 2011.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  333. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 22 May 2010. Retrieved 17 December 2014.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  334. ^ "Rusya vizeleri kaldırıyor". Aa.com.tr. 25 July 2019. Retrieved 9 March 2022.
  335. ^ "Country Information". Bureau of Consular Affairs, U.S. Department of State. Retrieved 11 September 2017.
  336. ^ "Yellow Fever". Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (Africa CDC). African Union. Retrieved 23 August 2021. African countries that requires (sic) Yellow Fever vaccination certificate: Countries that require vaccination for all travellers older that 9 months or 1 year: Benin, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameron, Central African Republic, Congo, Côte d’lvoire, DRC, Gabon, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya, Liberia, Rwanda, Sierra Leone, Niger, Togo.
  337. ^ Agence régionale de sante Guyane (2 September 2018). "Fièvre jaune" (in French). Retrieved 27 August 2019.
  338. ^ "Yellow Fever". Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (Africa CDC). African Union. Retrieved 23 August 2021. African countries that requires Yellow Fever vaccination certificate: Countries that requires (sic) vaccination for travellers from countries with risk of yellow fever transmission or transit for 12 hours in those countries: Algeria, Botswana, Cabo Verde, Chad, Djibouti, Egypt, Ethiopia, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Lesotho, Libya, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Madagascar, Malawi, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mozambique, Namibia, Nigeria, Papua New Guinea, Seychelles, Somalia, South Africa, Sudan, Swaziland, Tunisia, Uganda, United Republic of Tanzania, Zambia, Zimbabwe.
  339. ^ Country list - Yellow fever vaccination requirements and recommendations; and malaria situation; and other vaccination requirement
  340. ^ Strong, Matthew (17 August 2021). "Palau limits travel bubble with Taiwan to already vaccinated or registered vaccine tourists". Taiwan News. Retrieved 18 August 2021. Only travellers already vaccinated and those registered to receive COVID-19 shots in Palau will be allowed to take part in the travel bubble with Taiwan, the Pacific island nation announced Tuesday (Aug. 17).
  341. ^ "Foreign Affairs Manual, 9 FAM 403.9-3(B)(2) f". U.S. Department of State. Retrieved 10 October 2017.
  342. ^ "How long should my passport be valid when traveling to the United States?" (PDF). U.S. Department of State. Retrieved 10 October 2017.
  343. ^ "Countries whose citizens are allowed to enter Turkey with their expired passports". Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Republic of Turkey. Archived from the original on 8 October 2015. Retrieved 6 July 2018. Countries whose citizens are allowed to enter Turkey with their expired passports: 1. Germany – Passports expired within the last year / ID’s expired within the last year, 2. Belgium - Passports expired within the last 5 years, 3. France - Passports expired within the last 5 years, 4. Spain - Passports expired within the last 5 years, 5. Switzerland - Passports expired within the last 5 years, 6. Luxemburg - Passports expired within the last 5 years, 7. Portugal - Passports expired within the last 5 years, 8. Bulgaria – Valid ordinary passport
  344. ^ "Frequently Asked Questions". Embassy of Japan in New Zealand. Retrieved 17 March 2021. 15. How long does my passport need to be valid in order to enter Japan? Japan does not have any regulations relating to passport validity, so long as your passport will be valid until after you leave Japan.
  345. ^ "Entering the UK". Gov.UK. Retrieved 17 March 2021. You’re not from an EEA country: you must have a valid passport to enter the UK. It should be valid for the whole of your stay.
  346. ^ Bahrain government website
  347. ^ "PASSPORTS AND VISA GoIsrael - the Official Website of Tourism to Israel".
  348. ^ "Government Of Peru Requires Six-Month Validity On Passports To Enter Peru". Traveling & Living in Peru. Retrieved 17 March 2021.
  349. ^ "Bureau of Immigration of the Republic of the Philippines". Retrieved 17 March 2021.
  350. ^ Timatic
  351. ^ "Maldives Reduces Passport Validity Requirement of Minimum 6 Months to Just 1 Month". Corporate Maldives. Retrieved 30 January 2021.
  352. ^ Government of Canada -- Overcome criminal convictions
  353. ^ "No entry for Modi into US: visa denied India News - Times of India". The Times of India. 18 March 2005. Retrieved 29 September 2020.
  354. ^ "Travel Report - Kuwait". Voyage.gc.ca. 16 November 2012. Retrieved 1 July 2013.
  355. ^ Travel Advice for Lebanon - Australian Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade Archived 2008-12-24 at the Wayback Machine and Lebanese Ministry of Tourism Archived 2009-03-27 at the Wayback Machine
  356. ^ "Travel Advice for Libya - Australian Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade". Smartraveller.gov.au. Archived from the original on 22 June 2013. Retrieved 1 July 2013.
  357. ^ Travel Advice for Syria - Australian Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade Archived 2008-12-19 at the Wayback Machine and Syrian Ministry of Tourism
  358. ^ "Travel Advice for Yemen - Australian Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade". Smartraveller.gov.au. Archived from the original on 20 August 2011. Retrieved 1 July 2013.
  359. ^ "2020 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Azerbaijan". U.S. Department of State. Office of the Inspector General. 30 March 2021. Retrieved 2 May 2021. Significant human rights issues included: unlawful or arbitrary killing; torture; arbitrary detention; harsh and sometimes life-threatening prison conditions; political prisoners; arbitrary interference with privacy; politically motivated reprisal against individuals outside the country; pervasive problems with the independence of the judiciary; heavy restrictions on free expression, the press, and the internet, including violence against journalists, the criminalization of libel and slander, harassment and incarceration of journalists on questionable charges, and blocking of websites; substantial interference with the rights of peaceful assembly and freedom of association; restrictions on freedom of movement; severe restrictions on political participation; systemic government corruption; police brutality against individuals based on sexual orientation; and existence of the worst forms of child labour. Significant human rights issues connected with the Nagorno-Karabakh armed conflict included unlawful killings, civilian casualties, and inhuman treatment. The government did not prosecute or punish the majority of officials who committed human rights abuses; impunity remained a problem.
  360. ^ "ECRI REPORT ON AZERBAIJAN (fifth monitoring cycle)" (PDF). European Commission against Racism and Intolerance (ECRI). Council of Europe. Retrieved 3 May 2021. there is a conflict-ridden domestic political discourse and Azerbaijan’s leadership, education system and media are very prolific in their denigration of Armenians. Political opponents are accused of having Armenian roots or of receiving funds from Armenian sources. An entire generation of Azerbaijanis has now grown up listening to constant rhetoric of Armenian aggression. According to a 2012 survey, 91% perceived Armenia as Azerbaijan’s greatest enemy. As a result, the Armenians living in the country need to hide their ethnic affiliation and there is no organisation of the Armenian minority in the country with which ECRI’s delegation could have met. The human rights activists Leyla and Arif Yunus, who worked inter alia towards reconciliation with Armenia, have been arrested and sentenced under controversial accusations to heavy prison terms.
  361. ^ The Caucasus: Frozen Conflicts and Closed Borders: Hearing Before The Committee On Foreign Affairs House Of Representatives One Hundred Tenth Congress Second Session (PDF). U.S. Government Printing Office. 2008. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 February 2010. Retrieved 3 May 2021. Our goal is the complete elimination of Armenians. You, Nazis, already eliminated the Jews in the 1930s and 40s, right? You should be able to understand us.
  362. ^ Kucera, Joshua (5 July 2017). "Russia Complains To Azerbaijan About Discrimination Against Armenians". Eurasianet, an independent news organization. Retrieved 2 May 2021. Russia has formally complained to Azerbaijan about "ethnic discrimination" against Russian citizens of Armenian origin, saying that 25 Russians so far this year have been denied entry to Azerbaijan because they had Armenian names. #"Russian citizens arriving in Azerbaijan are truly discriminated against on ethnic grounds," the Russian Ministry of Foreign Affairs said in a statement on July 5. "We demand the cessation of this outrageous practice, inconsistent with the friendly relations between our two countries." Azerbaijan has long denied entry to citizens of all countries, not just Russians, whose names end in the standard Armenian surname suffixes -ian or -yan.
  363. ^ "Citing ethnicity, Azerbaijan bars photojournalist". Committee to Protect Journalists. Retrieved 2 May 2021. Diana Markosian, a freelance photographer for Bloomberg Markets magazine was denied entry to Azerbaijan last week by authorities who cited her ethnicity as a reason, international news reports said. On June 27, border guards at the Heydar Aliyev International Airport in Baku detained Markosian on arrival from the Latvian capital, Riga, then expelled her the next day, according to press reports and CPJ interviews. Markosian told CPJ that the border guards took her passport, saying that she had an Armenian last name and that they "needed to clarify something." Then they put her in the airport's transit zone where she spent 16 hours until she was put on a flight to Tbilisi, Georgia. Markosian holds both U.S. and Russian citizenship, she told CPJ. A government spokesman told the Baku-based news agency APA that Markosian was deported because authorities would be unable to provide her with "security" since she is an ethnic Armenian.
  364. ^ a b "Azerbaijan Country Page of the NCSJ (advocates on behalf of Jews in Russia, Ukraine, the Baltic States & Eurasia) accessed 23 May 2010". Archived from the original on 8 March 2009. Retrieved 26 May 2010.
  365. ^ "Warning for the foreign nationals wishing to travel to the occupied territories of the Republic of Azerbaijan". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Azerbaijan. Archived from the original on 1 December 2017. Retrieved 23 November 2017.
  366. ^ "List of foreign citizens illegally visited occupied territories of the Republic of Azerbaijan". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Azerbaijan. Archived from the original on 10 July 2017. Retrieved 16 September 2019.
  367. ^ Calder, Simon (24 April 2017). "Airline lobbying for a relaxation of draconian rules for London-Auckland travellers". The Independent. Archived from the original on 21 June 2022. Retrieved 7 July 2018. Travellers heading west from the UK to New Zealand may soon be able to avoid the onerous requirement to clear US border control during the refuelling stop at Los Angeles airport (LAX). Unlike almost every other country in the world, the US insists on a full immigration check even for passengers who simply intend to re-board their plane to continue onwards to a foreign destination. Air New Zealand, which flies daily from Heathrow via Los Angeles to Auckland, says there are currently “strict requirements for travellers” in transit at LAX. Through passengers to Auckland on flight NZ1 or Heathrow on NZ2 must apply in advance for an ESTA (online visa) even though they have no intention of staying in the US. They also have to undergo screening by the Transportation Security Administration.
  368. ^ "How to enter Afghanistan. The Entry Requirements for Afghanistan - CountryReports". Countryreports.org.
  369. ^ Nordland, Rod (19 November 2011). "In Afghanistan, Big Plans to Gather Biometric Data". The New York Times.
  370. ^ "Argentina strengthens migratory control". Archived from the original on 2 December 2013.
  371. ^ "Cambodia Foreign Entry Requirements". Us-passport-information.com.
  372. ^ "China to Start Fingerprinting Foreign Visitors". Air Canada. 31 January 2019. Retrieved 7 July 2018. Effective April 27, 2018, border control authorities at all of China’s ports of entry, including its airports, will start collecting the fingerprints of all foreign visitors aged between 14 and 70. Diplomatic passport holders and beneficiaries of reciprocal agreements are exempted..
  373. ^ "Äthiopien: Reise- und Sicherheitshinweise". Auswaertiges-amt.de.
  374. ^ "Visa". paf.gov.gn.
  375. ^ "Japan fingerprints foreigners as anti-terror move". Reuters. 20 November 2016. Retrieved 3 March 2017.
  376. ^ "Anger as Japan moves to fingerprint foreigners - World". Theage.com.au. 26 October 2007.
  377. ^ "Immigration & Visas FAQs". Kenya Airports Authority. Retrieved 6 May 2019. Will visitors still have their digital photo and fingerprints taken at the immigration desk on arrival? Yes, the need to have photos and fingerprints taken upon arrival is to authenticate that the person who applied for the Visa is the same person at the port of entry
  378. ^ "Malaysia". CountryReports. Retrieved 7 July 2018.
  379. ^ "Saudi Arabia mandates fingerprints and biometrics for foreigners - SecureIDNews". secureidnews.com. Retrieved 3 March 2017.
  380. ^ F_161. "S Korea to scan fingerprints of suspicious foreign visitors - People's Daily Online". peopledaily.com.cn. Retrieved 3 March 2017.
  381. ^ "National News Bureau of Thailand".
  382. ^ AfricaNews (14 January 2019). "Gemalto awarded Uganda's new e-Immigration solution with fast-track border crossing eKiosks at Entebbe Airport". Africanews. Retrieved 24 April 2019.
  383. ^ Brown, Theresa Cardinal (9 May 2016). "Biometric Entry-Exit Update: CBP Developing Land Border Process". Bipartisan Policy Center. Retrieved 25 April 2019. While a requirement for a biometric entry-exit system has been in law for over a decade, it is not yet a reality. Many reasons for the long gestating development have been documented in BPC’s 2014 report Entry-Exit System: Progress, Challenges, and Outlook, including the technological, operational, and cost challenges of creating exit systems and infrastructure where none exist today. However, many critics, especially in Congress, simply accused the Department of Homeland security of dragging its feet... the major operational, logistical, and technical challenge in implementing exit capability at our ports has been the land borders. Unlike airports and seaports, the land border environment is not physically controlled, there is no means to get advance information on who is arriving, and the sheer volume of travel—both vehicular and pedestrian—creates challenges in any system to not further exacerbate delays. While biometric exit for land vehicular traffic is still in the “what if” stage, CBP is moving ahead and piloting systems and technology to use with the large population of pedestrian crossers at the U.S.-Mexico border.
  384. ^ Lipton, Eric (21 May 2013). "U.S. Quietly Monitors Foreigners' Departures at the Canadian Border". The New York Times. Retrieved 25 April 2019. Long demanded by lawmakers in Congress, it is considered a critical step to developing a coherent program to curb illegal immigration, as historically about 30 percent to 40 percent of illegal immigrants in the United States arrived on tourist visas or other legal means and then never left, according to estimates by Homeland Security officials.
  385. ^ LIPTON, Eric (15 December 2006). "Administration to Drop Effort to Track if Visitors Leave". The New York Times. Retrieved 25 April 2019. Efforts to determine whether visitors actually leave have faltered. Departure monitoring would help officials hunt for foreigners who have not left, if necessary. Domestic security officials say, however, it would be too expensive to conduct fingerprint or facial recognition scans for land departures.
  386. ^ Campoy, Ana. "The US wants to scan the faces of all air passengers leaving the country". Quartz. Retrieved 24 April 2019.
  387. ^ "ICAO Document 9303: Machine Readable Travel Documents, Part 9: Deployment of Biometric Identification and Electronic Storage of Data in MRTDs, 7th edition" (PDF). 2015. Retrieved 23 April 2019.
  388. ^ "Iris Scan Implemented at Doha International Airport". Archived from the original on 8 January 2012.
  389. ^ "Iris Scanner Could Replace Emirates ID In UAE". SimplyDXB. 11 June 2017. Retrieved 7 July 2018. The breach of privacy is probably the biggest threat to the biometric technique of iris recognition. Secondly, a device error can false reject or false accept the identity which can also have some heinous consequences. Lastly, the method isn’t the most cost-effective one. It is complex and therefore expensive. Furthermore, the maintenance of devices and data can also be relatively burdensome. However, thanks to the oil money and spending ability of Dubai, they are economically equipped to effectively embrace this system.
  390. ^ Roberts, Jeff John (12 September 2016). "Homeland Security Plans to Expand Fingerprint and Eye Scanning at Borders". Fortune. Fortune Media IP Limited. Retrieved 24 April 2019. Unlike with documents, it’s very hard for a traveler to present a forged copy of a fingerprint or iris. That’s why the U.S. Department of Homeland Security plans to vastly expand the amount of biometric data it collects at the borders. According to Passcode, a new program will ramp up a process to scan fingers and eyes in order to stop people entering and exiting the country on someone else’s passport.
  391. ^ "Singapore tests eye scans at immigration checkpoints". Reuters. 6 August 2018. Retrieved 24 April 2019. Singapore has started scanning travellers’ eyes at some of its border checkpoints, its immigration authority said on Monday, in a trial of expensive technology that could one day replace fingerprint verification.
  392. ^ Lee, Vivien (6 August 2018). "5 Reasons We Prefer Iris Scans To Fingerprint Checks At Our Borders In Singapore". Retrieved 24 April 2019. The iris technology could potentially scan irises covertly, as opposed to the scanning of thumbprints which necessitates active participation.
Notes