블룸 증후군 단백질
Bloom syndrome protein블룸 신드롬 단백질은 인간에게 BLM 유전자에 의해 암호화된 단백질로 블룸 신드롬에는 표현되지 않는다.[5]
블룸증후군 유전자 제품은 DExH 박스에 함유된 DNA 헬리캐아제의 RecQ 부분집합과 관련이 있으며, DNA 자극 ATPase와 ATP 의존형 DNA 헬리캐아제 활동을 모두 가지고 있다.블룸 증후군을 유발하는 돌연변이는 헬리케아제 모티브를 삭제하거나 변경하며, 3' → 5' 헬리케아제 활동을 비활성화할 수 있다.정상 단백질은 부적절한 동음이의 재조합을 억제하는 작용을 할 수 있다.[6]
감수분열
감수분열 중 재조합은 종종 DNA 이중 가닥 파괴(DSB)에 의해 시작된다.재조합하는 동안, 분열의 5의 끝에 있는 DNA의 부분들은 절제라고 불리는 과정에서 잘려진다.이어지는 Strand 침공 단계에서, 부서진 DNA 분자의 3분의 1의 끝부분이 돌출된 후, 깨지지 않은 동음이의 염색체의 DNA를 "침입"한다.Strand 침공 후, 사건의 추가 순서는 교차(CO) 또는 비크로스오버(NCO) 재조합으로 이어지는 두 가지 주요 경로 중 하나를 따를 수 있다(이 절의 Genetic recombination and bottom of the figure(유전자 재조합 및 그림의 하단 참조).
싹트고 있는 효모 사카로마이오스 세레비시아에는 Sgs1(소성장 억제기 1)로 지정된 BLM(Bloom Syndrome) 단백질의 정형화된 부호가 있다.Sgs1(BLM)은 DSB의 동질 재조합 수리에 기능하는 헬리코아제다.Sgs1(BLM) 헬리코아제는 S. 세레비시아 감수분열 중에 발생하는 대부분의 재결합 사건의 중심 조절기로 보인다.[7]정상 감수분열 동안 Sgs1(BLM)은 초기 NCO 또는 홀리데이 접합부 분자의 대체 형성을 향한 재조합을 지시하고, 후자는 CO로 분해된다.[7]
아라비도피스탈리아나 식물에서는 Sgs1(BLM) 헬리코아제의 호몰로로그가 감수성 CO 형성의 주요 장벽으로 작용한다.[8]이러한 헬리캐이즈는 DSB의 다른 3'오버항 끝단과의 어닐링을 허용하는 침입 스트랜드의 대체물로 간주되어 합성 종속 스트랜드 어닐링(SDSA)이라는 프로세스에 의해 NCO 재조합이 형성된다(이 절의 유전적 재조합 및 그림 참조).DSB의 약 4%만이 CO 재조합에 의해 수리되는 것으로 추정된다.[9]Sequela-Arnaud 외 연구진은 CO 재조합의 장기 비용, 즉 과거의 자연선택에 의해 축적된 대립의 유전적 결합이 유리하기 때문에 CO 수치가 제한된다고 제안했다.[8]
상호작용
블룸 신드롬 단백질은 다음과 상호작용을 하는 것으로 나타났다.
참조
- ^ a b c GRCh38: 앙상블 릴리스 89: ENSG00000197299 - 앙상블, 2017년 5월
- ^ a b c GRCm38: 앙상블 릴리스 89: ENSMUSG000030528 - 앙상블, 2017년 5월
- ^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
- ^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
- ^ Karow JK, Chakraverty RK, Hickson ID (January 1998). "The Bloom's syndrome gene product is a 3'-5' DNA helicase". J Biol Chem. 272 (49): 30611–4. doi:10.1074/jbc.272.49.30611. PMID 9388193.
- ^ "Bloom syndrome". Genetics Home Reference. NIH. Retrieved 19 March 2013.
- ^ a b De Muyt A, Jessop L, Kolar E, Sourirajan A, Chen J, Dayani Y, Lichten M (2012). "BLM helicase ortholog Sgs1 is a central regulator of meiotic recombination intermediate metabolism". Mol. Cell. 46 (1): 43–53. doi:10.1016/j.molcel.2012.02.020. PMC 3328772. PMID 22500736.
- ^ a b Séguéla-Arnaud M, Crismani W, Larchevêque C, Mazel J, Froger N, Choinard S, Lemhemdi A, Macaisne N, Van Leene J, Gevaert K, De Jaeger G, Chelysheva L, Mercier R (2015). "Multiple mechanisms limit meiotic crossovers: TOP3α and two BLM homologs antagonize crossovers in parallel to FANCM". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 112 (15): 4713–8. Bibcode:2015PNAS..112.4713S. doi:10.1073/pnas.1423107112. hdl:1854/LU-6829814. PMC 4403193. PMID 25825745.
- ^ Crismani W, Girard C, Froger N, Pradillo M, Santos JL, Chelysheva L, Copenhaver GP, Horlow C, Mercier R (2012). "FANCM limits meiotic crossovers". Science. 336 (6088): 1588–90. Bibcode:2012Sci...336.1588C. doi:10.1126/science.1220381. PMID 22723424. S2CID 14570996.
- ^ a b Wang Y, Cortez D, Yazdi P, Neff N, Elledge SJ, Qin J (April 2000). "BASC, a super complex of BRCA1-associated proteins involved in the recognition and repair of aberrant DNA structures". Genes Dev. 14 (8): 927–39. doi:10.1101/gad.14.8.927. PMC 316544. PMID 10783165.
- ^ Beamish H, Kedar P, Kaneko H, Chen P, Fukao T, Peng C, Beresten S, Gueven N, Purdie D, Lees-Miller S, Ellis N, Kondo N, Lavin MF (August 2002). "Functional link between BLM defective in Bloom's syndrome and the ataxia-telangiectasia-mutated protein, ATM". J. Biol. Chem. 277 (34): 30515–23. doi:10.1074/jbc.M203801200. PMID 12034743.
- ^ Jiao R, Bachrati CZ, Pedrazzi G, Kuster P, Petkovic M, Li JL, Egli D, Hickson ID, Stagljar I (June 2004). "Physical and functional interaction between the Bloom's syndrome gene product and the largest subunit of chromatin assembly factor 1". Mol. Cell. Biol. 24 (11): 4710–9. doi:10.1128/MCB.24.11.4710-4719.2004. PMC 416397. PMID 15143166.
- ^ a b c d Sengupta S, Robles AI, Linke SP, Sinogeeva NI, Zhang R, Pedeux R, Ward IM, Celeste A, Nussenzweig A, Chen J, Halazonetis TD, Harris CC (September 2004). "Functional interaction between BLM helicase and 53BP1 in a Chk1-mediated pathway during S-phase arrest". J. Cell Biol. 166 (6): 801–13. doi:10.1083/jcb.200405128. PMC 2172115. PMID 15364958.
- ^ Deans AJ, West SC (24 December 2009). "FANCM connects the genome instability disorders Bloom's Syndrome and Fanconi Anemia". Mol. Cell. 36 (6): 943–53. doi:10.1016/j.molcel.2009.12.006. PMID 20064461.
- ^ Sharma S, Sommers JA, Wu L, Bohr VA, Hickson ID, Brosh RM (March 2004). "Stimulation of flap endonuclease-1 by the Bloom's syndrome protein". J. Biol. Chem. 279 (11): 9847–56. doi:10.1074/jbc.M309898200. PMID 14688284.
- ^ a b Freire R, d'Adda Di Fagagna F, Wu L, Pedrazzi G, Stagljar I, Hickson ID, Jackson SP (August 2001). "Cleavage of the Bloom's syndrome gene product during apoptosis by caspase-3 results in an impaired interaction with topoisomerase IIIalpha". Nucleic Acids Res. 29 (15): 3172–80. doi:10.1093/nar/29.15.3172. PMC 55826. PMID 11470874.
- ^ Langland G, Kordich J, Creaney J, Goss KH, Lillard-Wetherell K, Bebenek K, Kunkel TA, Groden J (August 2001). "The Bloom's syndrome protein (BLM) interacts with MLH1 but is not required for DNA mismatch repair". J. Biol. Chem. 276 (32): 30031–5. doi:10.1074/jbc.M009664200. PMID 11325959.
- ^ Pedrazzi G, Perrera C, Blaser H, Kuster P, Marra G, Davies SL, Ryu GH, Freire R, Hickson ID, Jiricny J, Stagljar I (November 2001). "Direct association of Bloom's syndrome gene product with the human mismatch repair protein MLH1". Nucleic Acids Res. 29 (21): 4378–86. doi:10.1093/nar/29.21.4378. PMC 60193. PMID 11691925.
- ^ Wang XW, Tseng A, Ellis NA, Spillare EA, Linke SP, Robles AI, Seker H, Yang Q, Hu P, Beresten S, Bemmels NA, Garfield S, Harris CC (August 2001). "Functional interaction of p53 and BLM DNA helicase in apoptosis". J. Biol. Chem. 276 (35): 32948–55. doi:10.1074/jbc.M103298200. PMID 11399766.
- ^ Garkavtsev IV, Kley N, Grigorian IA, Gudkov AV (December 2001). "The Bloom syndrome protein interacts and cooperates with p53 in regulation of transcription and cell growth control". Oncogene. 20 (57): 8276–80. doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1205120. PMID 11781842.
- ^ Yang Q, Zhang R, Wang XW, Spillare EA, Linke SP, Subramanian D, Griffith JD, Li JL, Hickson ID, Shen JC, Loeb LA, Mazur SJ, Appella E, Brosh RM, Karmakar P, Bohr VA, Harris CC (August 2002). "The processing of Holliday junctions by BLM and WRN helicases is regulated by p53". J. Biol. Chem. 277 (35): 31980–7. doi:10.1074/jbc.M204111200. PMID 12080066.
- ^ a b Braybrooke JP, Li JL, Wu L, Caple F, Benson FE, Hickson ID (November 2003). "Functional interaction between the Bloom's syndrome helicase and the RAD51 paralog, RAD51L3 (RAD51D)". J. Biol. Chem. 278 (48): 48357–66. doi:10.1074/jbc.M308838200. hdl:10026.1/10297. PMID 12975363.
- ^ Wu L, Davies SL, Levitt NC, Hickson ID (June 2001). "Potential role for the BLM helicase in recombinational repair via a conserved interaction with RAD51". J. Biol. Chem. 276 (22): 19375–81. doi:10.1074/jbc.M009471200. PMID 11278509.
- ^ a b Brosh RM, Li JL, Kenny MK, Karow JK, Cooper MP, Kureekattil RP, Hickson ID, Bohr VA (August 2000). "Replication protein A physically interacts with the Bloom's syndrome protein and stimulates its helicase activity". J. Biol. Chem. 275 (31): 23500–8. doi:10.1074/jbc.M001557200. PMID 10825162.
- ^ Opresko PL, von Kobbe C, Laine JP, Harrigan J, Hickson ID, Bohr VA (October 2002). "Telomere-binding protein TRF2 binds to and stimulates the Werner and Bloom syndrome helicases". J. Biol. Chem. 277 (43): 41110–9. doi:10.1074/jbc.M205396200. PMID 12181313.
- ^ Moens PB, Kolas NK, Tarsounas M, Marcon E, Cohen PE, Spyropoulos B (April 2002). "The time course and chromosomal localization of recombination-related proteins at meiosis in the mouse are compatible with models that can resolve the early DNA-DNA interactions without reciprocal recombination". J. Cell Sci. 115 (Pt 8): 1611–22. doi:10.1242/jcs.115.8.1611. PMID 11950880.
- ^ Wu L, Davies SL, North PS, Goulaouic H, Riou JF, Turley H, Gatter KC, Hickson ID (March 2000). "The Bloom's syndrome gene product interacts with topoisomerase III". J. Biol. Chem. 275 (13): 9636–44. doi:10.1074/jbc.275.13.9636. PMID 10734115.
- ^ Hu P, Beresten SF, van Brabant AJ, Ye TZ, Pandolfi PP, Johnson FB, Guarente L, Ellis NA (June 2001). "Evidence for BLM and Topoisomerase IIIalpha interaction in genomic stability". Hum. Mol. Genet. 10 (12): 1287–98. doi:10.1093/hmg/10.12.1287. PMID 11406610.
- ^ von Kobbe C, Karmakar P, Dawut L, Opresko P, Zeng X, Brosh RM, Hickson ID, Bohr VA (June 2002). "Colocalization, physical, and functional interaction between Werner and Bloom syndrome proteins". J. Biol. Chem. 277 (24): 22035–44. doi:10.1074/jbc.M200914200. PMID 11919194.
추가 읽기
- Woo LL, Onel K, Ellis NA (2007). "The broken genome: genetic and pharmacologic approaches to breaking DNA". Ann. Med. 39 (3): 208–18. doi:10.1080/08035250601167136. PMID 17457718. S2CID 30395226.
- McDaniel LD, Schultz RA (1992). "Elevated sister chromatid exchange phenotype of Bloom syndrome cells is complemented by human chromosome 15". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 89 (17): 7968–72. Bibcode:1992PNAS...89.7968M. doi:10.1073/pnas.89.17.7968. PMC 49836. PMID 1518822.
- Ellis NA, Groden J, Ye TZ, Straughen J, Lennon DJ, Ciocci S, Proytcheva M, German J (1995). "The Bloom's syndrome gene product is homologous to RecQ helicases". Cell. 83 (4): 655–66. doi:10.1016/0092-8674(95)90105-1. PMID 7585968. S2CID 13439128.
- German J, Roe AM, Leppert MF, Ellis NA (1994). "Bloom syndrome: an analysis of consanguineous families assigns the locus mutated to chromosome band 15q26.1". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 91 (14): 6669–73. Bibcode:1994PNAS...91.6669G. doi:10.1073/pnas.91.14.6669. PMC 44264. PMID 8022833.
- Foucault F, Vaury C, Barakat A, Thibout D, Planchon P, Jaulin C, Praz F, Amor-Guéret M (1998). "Characterization of a new BLM mutation associated with a topoisomerase II alpha defect in a patient with Bloom's syndrome". Hum. Mol. Genet. 6 (9): 1427–34. doi:10.1093/hmg/6.9.1427. PMID 9285778.
- Kaneko H, Orii KO, Matsui E, Shimozawa N, Fukao T, Matsumoto T, Shimamoto A, Furuichi Y, Hayakawa S, Kasahara K, Kondo N (1997). "BLM (the causative gene of Bloom syndrome) protein translocation into the nucleus by a nuclear localization signal". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 240 (2): 348–53. doi:10.1006/bbrc.1997.7648. PMID 9388480.
- Wu L, Davies SL, North PS, Goulaouic H, Riou JF, Turley H, Gatter KC, Hickson ID (2000). "The Bloom's syndrome gene product interacts with topoisomerase III". J. Biol. Chem. 275 (13): 9636–44. doi:10.1074/jbc.275.13.9636. PMID 10734115.
- Yankiwski V, Marciniak RA, Guarente L, Neff NF (2000). "Nuclear structure in normal and Bloom syndrome cells". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 97 (10): 5214–9. Bibcode:2000PNAS...97.5214Y. doi:10.1073/pnas.090525897. PMC 25808. PMID 10779560.
- Wang Y, Cortez D, Yazdi P, Neff N, Elledge SJ, Qin J (2000). "BASC, a super complex of BRCA1-associated proteins involved in the recognition and repair of aberrant DNA structures". Genes Dev. 14 (8): 927–39. doi:10.1101/gad.14.8.927. PMC 316544. PMID 10783165.
- Karow JK, Constantinou A, Li JL, West SC, Hickson ID (2000). "The Bloom's syndrome gene product promotes branch migration of Holliday junctions". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 97 (12): 6504–8. Bibcode:2000PNAS...97.6504K. doi:10.1073/pnas.100448097. PMC 18638. PMID 10823897.
- Brosh RM, Li JL, Kenny MK, Karow JK, Cooper MP, Kureekattil RP, Hickson ID, Bohr VA (2000). "Replication protein A physically interacts with the Bloom's syndrome protein and stimulates its helicase activity". J. Biol. Chem. 275 (31): 23500–8. doi:10.1074/jbc.M001557200. PMID 10825162.
- Dutertre S, Ababou M, Onclercq R, Delic J, Chatton B, Jaulin C, Amor-Guéret M (2000). "Cell cycle regulation of the endogenous wild type Bloom's syndrome DNA helicase". Oncogene. 19 (23): 2731–8. doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1203595. PMID 10851073.
- Barakat A, Ababou M, Onclercq R, Dutertre S, Chadli E, Hda N, Benslimane A, Amor-Guéret M (2000). "Identification of a novel BLM missense mutation (2706T>C) in a Moroccan patient with Bloom's syndrome". Hum. Mutat. 15 (6): 584–5. doi:10.1002/1098-1004(200006)15:6<584::AID-HUMU28>3.0.CO;2-I. PMID 10862105.
- Brosh RM, Karow JK, White EJ, Shaw ND, Hickson ID, Bohr VA (2000). "Potent inhibition of Werner and Bloom helicases by DNA minor groove binding drugs". Nucleic Acids Res. 28 (12): 2420–30. doi:10.1093/nar/28.12.2420. PMC 102731. PMID 10871376.
- Wu L, Davies SL, Levitt NC, Hickson ID (2001). "Potential role for the BLM helicase in recombinational repair via a conserved interaction with RAD51". J. Biol. Chem. 276 (22): 19375–81. doi:10.1074/jbc.M009471200. PMID 11278509.
- Langland G, Kordich J, Creaney J, Goss KH, Lillard-Wetherell K, Bebenek K, Kunkel TA, Groden J (2001). "The Bloom's syndrome protein (BLM) interacts with MLH1 but is not required for DNA mismatch repair". J. Biol. Chem. 276 (32): 30031–5. doi:10.1074/jbc.M009664200. PMID 11325959.
- Wang XW, Tseng A, Ellis NA, Spillare EA, Linke SP, Robles AI, Seker H, Yang Q, Hu P, Beresten S, Bemmels NA, Garfield S, Harris CC (2001). "Functional interaction of p53 and BLM DNA helicase in apoptosis". J. Biol. Chem. 276 (35): 32948–55. doi:10.1074/jbc.M103298200. PMID 11399766.
- Hu P, Beresten SF, van Brabant AJ, Ye TZ, Pandolfi PP, Johnson FB, Guarente L, Ellis NA (2001). "Evidence for BLM and Topoisomerase IIIalpha interaction in genomic stability". Hum. Mol. Genet. 10 (12): 1287–98. doi:10.1093/hmg/10.12.1287. PMID 11406610.
- Freire R, d'Adda Di Fagagna F, Wu L, Pedrazzi G, Stagljar I, Hickson ID, Jackson SP (2001). "Cleavage of the Bloom's syndrome gene product during apoptosis by caspase-3 results in an impaired interaction with topoisomerase IIIα". Nucleic Acids Res. 29 (15): 3172–80. doi:10.1093/nar/29.15.3172. PMC 55826. PMID 11470874.
외부 링크
- 블룸 증후군에 대한 GeneReviews/NCBI/NIH/UW 입력
- UCSC 게놈 브라우저의 인간 BLM 게놈 위치 및 BLM 유전자 세부 정보 페이지.
- PDBe-KB에서 UniProt: P54132(블룸 증후군 단백질)에 대한 PDB의 모든 구조 정보 개요.