그리스의 웅변가 데모스테네스 는 입에 조약돌을 물고 해변에서 웅변 연습을 한다. 말더듬이 (alalalia cedentabaris )라고도 하는 말더듬이 (alalalia criterialis 또는 아나스리아 literalis )는 소리, 음절, 단어 또는 구절의 무의식적인 반복과 연장으로 언어의 흐름이 흐트러지는 언어장애 로, 말더듬는 사람이 소리를 낼 수 없는 동안 무의식적인 침묵의 정지나 블록을 한다.s.[1] 말더듬이의 정확한 식이학은 알려져 있지 않다; 유전학 과 신경생리학 둘 다 기여한다고 여겨진다.[2] 훈련되지 않은 귀가 문제를 식별할 수 없을 정도로 말을 더듬는 일부 사람들에게 유창성 을 높이는 데 도움이 될 수 있는 많은 치료법과 언어 병리학 기법이 있지만, 현재 이 장애에 대한 치료법은 근본적으로 없다.[3] [4]
말을 더듬는 사람은 윈스턴 처칠 영국 총리, 연설가 데모스테네스 , 킹 조지 6세 , 배우 제임스 얼 존스 , 조 바이든 미국 대통령, 컨트리 가수 멜 틸리스 등이다. 1920년대 작가들에게 말더듬이가 특히 두드러진 처칠은 말더듬이 30%의 사람들 중 한 명이었다.[5] 그의 경우 혀 가 잘 돌면서 그의 나라를 제2차 세계대전으로 이끌었다.[6] [7] 데모스테네스는 젊은 시절 더듬거리며 말을 잇지 못했지만, 헌신적인 연습을 통해 조약돌을 입에 넣는 등의 방법을 동원하여 고대 그리스의 위대한 웅변가가 되었다.[8] 조지 6세는 언어치료사 리오넬 로게 를 고용하여 제국과 대화할 수 있도록 했으며, 로게 6세는 효과적으로 그가 이 목표를 달성하도록 도왔다.[9] 이 훈련과 그 결과는 2010년 영화 '왕의 연설 '의 초점이다.[10] James Earl Jones는 그가 젊었을 때 여러 해 동안 벙어리가 되었지만 그의 목소리의 힘으로 유명한 배우가 되었다고 말했다.[11] [12] 멜 틸리스는 말할 때는 말을 더듬지만 노래할 때는 말을 하지 않는다.[13] 어린 시절에만 언어장애가 있어 병을 이겨낸 사람이 많았다.[14]
배우들 독일의 무성 영화 배우 브루노 카스트너 1920년경 1953년 신사 의 배우 마릴린 먼로, 금발 을 선호 하는 신사들
선수들
정치인 가수와 음악가
작가 다른이들
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