사회진보지수

Social Progress Index
2020년 사회진보지수

SPI(Social Progress Index)는 국가가 시민의 사회적 및 환경적 요구를 제공하는 정도를 측정합니다.인간의 기본적인 요구, 웰빙의 기반, 진보의 기회의 분야에서 54개의 지표가 국가의 상대적 성과를 보여준다.이 지수는 비영리 사회진보임포러티브에서 발행되며, Amartya Sen, Douglass North 및 Joseph Stiglitz의 [1]저서를 기반으로 합니다.SPI는 경제적 요인보다는 사회적, 환경적 결과를 직접 관찰함으로써 사회의 안녕을 측정한다.사회 및 환경적 요인에는 웰빙(건강, 쉼터 및 위생 포함), 평등, 포함, 지속 가능성 및 개인의 자유와 [2][full citation needed]안전이 포함된다.

개요 및 방법론

지수는 3차원을 결합합니다.

  1. 인간의 기본적인 요구
  2. 웰빙의 기반
  3. 기회.

각 차원에는 4개의 구성요소가 포함되며, 각 구성요소는 3~5개의 특정 결과 지표로 구성됩니다.포함된 지표는 표본에 포함된 모든(또는 기본적으로 모든) 국가의 동일한 조직에 의해 일관된 방법론을 사용하여 적절하게 측정되기 때문에 선택된다.함께, 이 프레임워크는 사회적 진보를 뒷받침하는 학문적 문헌과 실무자의 경험에 의해 밝혀진 광범위한 상호 관련 요소를 포착하는 것을 목표로 한다.

사회진보지수의 두 가지 주요 특징은 다음과 같다.[3]

  1. 경제 변수의 배제
  2. 투입보다는 결과 측정의 사용

사회진보지수는 매사추세츠공대(MIT)의 연구자들을 참여시켜 어떤 지표가 국가의 성과를 가장 잘 차별화하는지 결정하는 것을 포함하여 사회진보지수를 개발하는 동안 수백 개의 가능한 지표를 평가했다.이 지수는 충분한 데이터가 있거나 가능한 가장 가까운 [4]프록시가 있는 경우 결과 측도를 사용합니다.

역사

2010년, 학자와 비즈니스 리더 그룹은 한 나라의 발전 수준을 더 잘 측정하고, 나아가 그 나라의 발전 [5][6]우선 순위를 더 잘 이해하기 위해 노력했다.교수 마이클 포터의 하버드 사업 학교와 스콧 스턴 MIT에서 발생한 기술에 따라 그룹과 2013년 사회 환경 p.의 구성 요소에 대한 포괄적인 배열을 측정하는데 사회 공정 지수의 50국가를 위한 베타 버전을 시작했다 미국에 기반을 둔 비영리 단체가 사회 진보 Imperative[7]을 결성했다.음.정말전체적인 프레임워크로 집약합니다.

이 작업은 사회 발전에 대한 아마르티아 센의 공헌과 최근 경제성과·[1]사회진보 측정위원회의 보고서 '우리 삶의 유지'에 대한 행동의 요구에 영향을 받았다.사회진보지수는 133개국을 대상으로 2014년에 발표되었으며 2015년에 [2][full citation needed]두 번째 버전이 발표되었습니다.

2013년 7월 11일, Social Progress Instructive의 회장 겸 하버드 경영대학원 교수인 Michael Porter는 UN 제6차 각료 포럼에서 연설하고 사회진보 [8]지수에 대해 논의했다.

글로벌 사회진보지수 작성에 사용된 방법론은 브라질 [9]아마존 지역과 같은 소규모 지역의 사회 및 환경 성과를 측정하기 위해 수정되었습니다.다른 프로젝트로는 과테말라 [10]시의 사회진보지수가 있다.Fundacion Paraguaya는 Social Progress Index의 요소를 Poority Stoplight 도구에 통합했습니다.파라과이 정부는 GDP 목표와 함께 사회진보지수 목표치를 설정하고 있다.

가디언은 유럽연합(EU)[11]의 사회진보지수를 만들기 위해 유럽위원회가 사회진보지수와 협력하기로 합의했다고 보도했다.EU 사회진보지수는 2016년 10월에 발표되었습니다.

국가 목록과 비교해서 약간의 차이가 있지만(따라서 직접 비교할 수는 없지만) 유사한 지수가 미국의 개별 [12][13]주에 대해 발표되었다.

2020년 국가별 순위 및 점수

색상 키:

매우 높음 → 계층 1 계층 2 계층 3 계층 4 계층 5 계층 6 → 매우 낮음
나라 2020년[14]
순위 스코어 기본적인 인적 요구 웰빙의 기초 기회.
노르웨이[15] 1 92.73 96.85 93.39 87.95
덴마크[16] 2 92.11 96.11 91.58 88.66
핀란드[17] 3 91.89 96.22 91.29 88.15
뉴질랜드[18] 4 91.64 97.22 92.57 85.13
스웨덴[19] 5 91.62 96.58 91.03 87.23
스위스[20] 6 91.42 96.78 91.99 85.49
캐나다[21] 7 91.40 97.03 90.88 86.31
호주.[22] 8 91.29 97.25 91.07 85.55
아이슬란드[23] 9 91.09 98.07 92.81 82.39
네덜란드[24] 10 91.06 96.48 91.18 85.53
독일.[25] 11 90.56 96.14 89.02 86.53
아일랜드[26] 12 90.35 96.32 90.03 84.70
일본.[27] 13 90.14 97.78 92.15 80.50
룩셈부르크[28] 14 89.56 95.72 91.84 81.13
오스트리아[29] 15 89.50 96.03 91.84 80.63
벨기에[30] 16 89.46 94.01 89.30 85.07
대한민국.[31] 17 89.06 96.92 90.12 80.13
프랑스.[32] 18 88.78 94.48 90.78 81.09
스페인[33] 19 88.71 95.27 89.71 81.15
영국[34] 20 88.54 94.36 90.21 81.06
포르투갈[35] 21 87.79 95.69 88.12 79.57
슬로베니아[36] 22 87.71 95.62 88.85 78.64
이탈리아[37] 23 87.36 93.19 88.59 80.30
에스토니아[38] 24 87.26 93.08 91.50 77.21
체코 공화국[39] 25 86.69 95.45 86.79 77.83
키프로스[40] 26 86.64 93.40 89.66 76.84
그리스[41] 27 85.78 93.78 85.11 78.46
미국[42] 28 85.71 92.08 83.14 81.89
싱가포르[43] 29 85.46 97.66 86.13 72.58
몰타[44] 30 84.89 93.25 87.98 73.43
폴란드[45] 31 84.32 94.44 83.67 74.86
리투아니아[46] 32 83.97 90.83 83.77 77.30
이스라엘[47] 33 83.62 93.43 85.53 71.89
칠리[48] 34 83.34 90.79 81.87 77.35
라트비아[49] 35 83.19 90.74 83.83 74.99
슬로바키아[50] 36 83.15 93.88 82.98 72.58
코스타리카[51] 37 83.01 89.88 84.62 74.51
우루과이[52] 38 82.99 88.64 82.59 77.74
크로아티아[53] 39 81.92 91.29 84.79 69.69
헝가리[54] 40 81.02 92.10 80.76 70.19
아르헨티나[55] 41 80.66 87.73 80.05 74.20
바베이도스[56] 42 80.50 87.25 80.08 74.16
불가리아[57] 43 79.86 90.88 78.19 70.51
모리셔스[58] 44 78.96 90.90 76.52 69.47
루마니아[59] 45 78.35 89.46 78.04 67.54
쿠웨이트[60] 46 77.47 90.41 81.67 60.33
벨라루스[61] 47 77.00 89.80 76.83 64.38
말레이시아[62] 48 76.96 88.77 80.52 61.59
파나마[63] 49 76.55 86.00 79.83 63.82
아르메니아[64] 50 76.46 87.91 78.22 63.24
트리니다드 토바고[65] 51 76.33 82.32 78.18 68.48
세르비아[66] 52 75.54 87.53 75.19 63.90
에콰도르[67] 53 75.45 84.35 79.45 62.55
알바니아[68] 54 75.41 86.92 82.71 56.60
튀니지[69] 55 75.02 85.56 71.29 68.19
조지아 주[70] 56 74.85 83.79 77.14 63.64
자메이카[71] 57 74.75 79.34 74.44 70.47
몬테네그로[72] 58 74.42 86.18 77.96 59.12
페루[73] 59 74.22 82.46 78.50 61.69
콜롬비아[74] 60 74.00 83.31 80.09 58.59
브라질[75] 61 73.91 82.69 76.59 62.46
멕시코[76] 62 73.52 82.54 74.67 63.36
우크라이나[77] 63 73.38 83.36 71.97 64.79
스리랑카[78] 64 73.20 81.89 80.33 57.39
북마케도니아[79] 65 73.16 88.15 75.06 56.25
보스니아 헤르체고비나[80] 66 72.74 86.41 74.08 57.72
카자흐스탄[81] 67 72.66 85.60 76.13 56.24
몰도바[82] 68 72.58 83.32 75.42 59.02
러시아[83] 69 72.56 84.05 74.18 59.44
파라과이[84] 70 72.48 83.87 75.50 58.09
카보베르데[85] 71 72.05 80.15 70.69 65.31
쿠바[86] 72 71.52 86.20 71.86 56.51
조던[87] 73 71.50 89.35 69.61 55.54
오만[88] 74 71.41 87.38 72.33 54.52
수리남[89] 75 71.12 82.82 69.06 61.48
몽골[90] 76 71.07 77.42 71.27 64.52
도미니카 공화국[91] 77 71.05 78.69 74.99 59.48
몰디브[92] 78 70.81 86.40 74.65 51.38
태국.[93] 79 70.72 80.89 75.44 55.83
아랍에미리트[94] 80 70.60 86.80 71.63 53.38
카타르[95] 81 70.58 90.40 72.10 49.23
남아프리카 공화국[96] 82 70.26 73.35 69.28 68.14
알제리[97] 83 69.92 87.69 66.05 56.02
인도네시아[98] 84 69.49 79.79 68.76 59.92
레바논[99] 85 69.37 84.32 67.14 56.63
보츠와나[100] 86 69.36 71.48 74.24 62.36
볼리비아[101] 87 69.23 82.26 69.20 56.24
베트남[102] 88 68.85 82.03 72.31 52.23
키르기스스탄[103] 89 68.65 80.17 72.72 53.04
피지[104] 90 68.42 80.28 66.33 58.65
부탄[105] 91 68.34 82.02 65.90 57.09
터키[106] 92 68.27 85.20 67.47 52.14
이란[107] 93 67.49 85.25 68.86 48.35
엘살바도르[108] 94 67.25 77.62 68.87 55.26
나미비아[109] 95 67.14 67.29 70.92 63.21
가이아나[110] 96 66.95 77.10 64.74 58.99
모로코[111] 97 66.90 84.78 64.50 51.43
필리핀[112] 98 66.62 70.74 71.24 57.87
바레인[113] 99 66.60 86.34 69.60 43.86
중국[114] 100 66.12 82.93 64.79 50.63
사우디아라비아[115] 101 65.06 84.54 67.64 43.02
우즈베키스탄[116] 102 64.98 80.35 64.65 49.94
가나[117] 103 64.86 65.19 68.04 61.35
아제르바이잔[118] 104 64.11 83.40 67.62 41.32
니카라과[119] 105 64.02 75.09 72.83 44.13
가봉[120] 106 63.93 73.31 62.78 55.71
이라크[121] 107 63.52 78.06 63.19 49.31
온두라스[122] 108 62.41 73.72 66.38 47.12
과테말라[123] 109 61.67 68.32 71.33 45.35
동티모르[124] 110 61.08 63.84 66.88 52.53
세네갈[125] 111 60.04 66.20 61.17 52.76
이집트[126] 112 59.98 79.41 51.55 48.98
투르크메니스탄[127] 113 58.35 83.18 59.84 32.05
네팔[128] 114 57.60 67.59 53.43 51.79
케냐[129] 115 57.10 55.97 64.60 50.74
타지키스탄[130] 116 56.99 76.81 59.94 34.22
인도[131] 117 56.80 66.24 50.15 54.01
캄보디아[132] 118 56.27 67.27 62.09 39.43
탄자니아[133] 119 56.20 56.26 62.91 49.42
미얀마[134] 120 55.99 64.61 59.27 44.10
베냉[135] 121 55.56 51.94 60.97 53.77
잠비아[136] 122 55.34 56.09 59.94 49.99
방글라데시[137] 123 55.23 64.18 59.75 41.76
감비아[138] 124 55.10 57.16 55.98 52.15
르완다[139] 125 54.13 54.52 62.65 45.21
말라위[140] 126 54.07 53.60 59.58 49.02
레소토[141] 127 53.80 44.33 60.05 57.02
코트디부아르[142] 128 53.59 55.36 61.52 43.89
포장이요[143] 129 53.05 50.80 60.51 47.84
우간다[144] 130 52.98 53.67 59.20 46.08
에스와티니[145] 131 52.92 60.25 59.03 39.48
짐바브웨[146] 132 52.26 51.40 64.48 40.88
라오스[147] 133 51.80 62.64 55.18 37.58
시에라리온[148] 134 51.74 47.00 58.15 50.07
라이베리아[149] 135 51.37 47.75 52.42 53.94
나이지리아[150] 136 51.31 50.82 57.47 45.64
카메룬[151] 137 51.29 56.31 54.20 43.36
적도 기니[152] 138 50.08 62.97 50.82 36.45
북한[153] 139 50.01 63.94 52.79 33.30
부르키나파소[154] 140 49.87 47.93 54.74 46.95
파키스탄[155] 141 49.25 59.49 46.88 41.39
모잠비크[156] 142 49.00 46.93 56.22 43.85
모리타니[157] 143 48.95 56.63 52.69 37.52
아이티[158] 144 48.79 50.21 54.50 41.65
에티오피아[159] 145 48.59 51.65 53.38 40.74
지부티[160] 146 48.53 58.14 45.43 42.03
수단[161] 147 48.51 59.44 50.10 35.99
마다가스카르.[162] 148 48.46 43.54 54.67 47.17
콩고 공화국[163] 149 48.45 52.57 56.29 36.48
말리[164] 150 48.29 51.99 51.69 41.19
앙골라[165] 151 48.16 52.60 52.20 39.69
기니비사우[166] 152 46.69 46.79 47.50 45.79
파푸아뉴기니[167] 153 44.91 43.16 44.34 47.23
기니[168] 154 43.41 44.61 52.88 32.76
아프가니스탄[169] 155 42.29 52.90 39.50 34.47
콩고 민주 공화국[170] 156 42.25 41.30 52.21 33.23
니제르[171] 157 42.21 42.20 42.81 41.63
부룬디[172] 158 41.20 40.33 50.08 33.21
소말리아[173] 159 35.58 36.87 43.98 25.90
에리트레아[174] 160 35.20 43.03 38.42 24.16
중앙아프리카 공화국[175] 161 31.62 21.31 38.68 34.85
차드[176] 162 31.29 30.87 37.89 25.10
남수단[177] 163 31.06 35.74 36.69 20.73

비판

이 지수의 양호한 거버넌스 지표는 글로벌 남부에 편향된 데이터를 사용한다는 비판을 받아왔으며, 일부 비평가들은 기준의 대부분이 유럽의 가치에 근거하고 있다고 지적했다.또한 [178]양성평등을 위한 많은 측정의 관련성과 정확성에 대한 논쟁이 있었다.SPI 웹사이트를 탐색하는 온라인 사용자를 대상으로 한 2016년 조사에 따르면 응답자의 34%가 데이터가 불완전하거나 부정확하다고 응답했으며, 주로 환경 위험, 에너지 사용량, 특정 건강 문제, 고용 가용성과 품질, 소득 불평등, 성 불평등 및 부패를 다른 분야로 언급했다.충분히 [179]고려되었다.

이코노메트릭의 관점에서 이 지수는 국내총생산(GDP)과 같은 전통적인 경제 지표의 한계를 극복하기 위한 다른 노력과 유사한 것으로 보인다.주목할 만한 비판은 사회진보지수가 2005년 국민총복지지수, 2012년 부탄 국민총행복지수, 2012년 세계행복보고서 등 초기 계량모델이 사용했던 지표의 슈퍼셋으로 볼 수 있지만 이와 달리 주관적인 삶의 만족도와 심리적인 지표는 무시한다는 점이다.웰빙.다른 비평가들은 "현재 SPI에 포함되지 않은 특정 차원이 남아 있다"고 지적한다.상위 1%에 부의 집중, 사법 제도의 효율성, 교통 인프라의 [180]질 등이 그것이다.

일부 비평가들은 주의를 주장한다.비록 "포용적 자본주의"와 같은 단어들이 공공과 민간 사이의 이념적 전쟁터로부터 자유로운 새로운 시대를 알리기 위해 점점 더 많이 뭉쳐지고 있지만, 이 기구의 설립자들이 말하는 많은 부분들은 지수가 "포용적 자본주의"[181]보다는 "비즈니스포용적"에 관한 것이라는 것을 확인시켜준다.

「 」를 참조해 주세요.

레퍼런스

  1. ^ a b "Beyond GDP". The Economist. April 18, 2013. Retrieved August 2, 2013.
  2. ^ a b "Home". socialprogressimperative.org. Social Progress Imperitive. Retrieved October 30, 2015.
  3. ^ "Data - Social Progress Index - Methodology". socialprogressimperative.org. Social Progress Imperative. Archived from the original on May 26, 2015. Retrieved May 14, 2015.
  4. ^ Fehder, Daniel; Stern, Scott (2013). "The Social Progress Index Methodology" (PDF). Social Progress Index 2013. Social Progress Imperative. pp. 39–54. Archived from the original (PDF) on April 23, 2013. Retrieved August 1, 2013.
  5. ^ Vieira, Helena (August 10, 2017). "Beyond GDP: How social progress and competitiveness are closely related". LSE Business Review. Retrieved September 13, 2020.
  6. ^ Paulson, Tom (April 15, 2013). "Philanthrocapitalists propose a Social Progress Index". Humanosphere. Retrieved September 13, 2020.
  7. ^ "Measuring a progressive society". The Economist. June 29, 2016. Retrieved September 13, 2020.
  8. ^ "Michael E Porter at the UN 6th Ministerial Forum for Development". socialprogressimperative.org. Social Progress Imperitive. July 17, 2013. Archived from the original on August 9, 2013.
  9. ^ Zweynert, Astrid (August 23, 2014). "EXCLUSIVE: Conservation of Amazon threatened by poor social conditions of its people - study". Thomson Reuters Foundation News. Retrieved May 22, 2015.
  10. ^ "Índice de Progreso Social de la ciudad de Guatemala". progresosocial.org (in Spanish). Social Progress Imperative. December 17, 2014. Archived from the original on April 9, 2015. Retrieved May 22, 2015.
  11. ^ Confino, Jo (April 9, 2015). "European Commission agrees to investigate using social progress tool alongside GDP". The Guardian. Retrieved May 22, 2015.
  12. ^ Social Progress Index: US States – Methodology Summary (PDF). Social Progress Imperative. 2018. Archived from the original (PDF) on April 17, 2018. Retrieved April 16, 2018.
  13. ^ "State Progress Reports". socialprogressimperative.org. Social Progress Imperative. 2018. Archived from the original on April 17, 2018. Retrieved April 16, 2018.
  14. ^ "Home". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  15. ^ "Social Progress Index: Norway". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved November 6, 2020.
  16. ^ "Social Progress Index: Denmark". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved November 6, 2020.
  17. ^ "Social Progress Index: Finland". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved November 6, 2020.
  18. ^ "Social Progress Index: New Zealand". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved November 6, 2020.
  19. ^ "Social Progress Index: Sweden". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved November 6, 2020.
  20. ^ "Social Progress Index: Switzerland". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  21. ^ "Social Progress Index: Canada". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  22. ^ "Social Progress Index: Australia". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  23. ^ "Social Progress Index: Iceland". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  24. ^ "Social Progress Index: Netherlands". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  25. ^ "Social Progress Index: Germany". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  26. ^ "Social Progress Index: Ireland". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  27. ^ "Social Progress Index: Japan". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  28. ^ "Social Progress Index: Luxembourg". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  29. ^ "Social Progress Index: Austria". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  30. ^ "Social Progress Index: Belgium". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  31. ^ "Social Progress Index: Korea, Republic of". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  32. ^ "Social Progress Index: France". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  33. ^ "Social Progress Index: Spain". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  34. ^ "Social Progress Index: United Kingdom". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  35. ^ "Social Progress Index: Portugal". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  36. ^ "Social Progress Index: Slovenia". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  37. ^ "Social Progress Index: Italy". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  38. ^ "Social Progress Index: Estonia". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  39. ^ "Social Progress Index: Czech Republic". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  40. ^ "Social Progress Index: Cyprus". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  41. ^ "Social Progress Index: Greece". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  42. ^ "Social Progress Index: United States". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  43. ^ "Social Progress Index: Singapore". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  44. ^ "Social Progress Index: Malta". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  45. ^ "Social Progress Index: Poland". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  46. ^ "Social Progress Index: Lithuania". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  47. ^ "Social Progress Index: Israel". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  48. ^ "Social Progress Index: Chile". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  49. ^ "Social Progress Index: Latvia". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  50. ^ "Social Progress Index: Slovakia". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  51. ^ "Social Progress Index: Costa Rica". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  52. ^ "Social Progress Index: Uruguay". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  53. ^ "Social Progress Index: Croatia". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  54. ^ "Social Progress Index: Hungary". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  55. ^ "Social Progress Index: Argentina". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  56. ^ "Social Progress Index: Barbados". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  57. ^ "Social Progress Index: Bulgaria". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  58. ^ "Social Progress Index: Mauritius". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  59. ^ "Social Progress Index: Romania". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  60. ^ "Social Progress Index: Kuwait". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  61. ^ "Social Progress Index: Belarus". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  62. ^ "Social Progress Index: Malaysia". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  63. ^ "Social Progress Index: Panama". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  64. ^ "Social Progress Index: Armenia". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  65. ^ "Social Progress Index: Trinidad and Tobago". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  66. ^ "Social Progress Index: Serbia". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  67. ^ "Social Progress Index: Ecuador". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  68. ^ "Social Progress Index: Albania". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  69. ^ "Social Progress Index: Tunisia". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  70. ^ "Social Progress Index: Georgia". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  71. ^ "Social Progress Index: Jamaica". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  72. ^ "Social Progress Index: Montenegro". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  73. ^ "Social Progress Index: Peru". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  74. ^ "Social Progress Index: Colombia". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  75. ^ "Social Progress Index: Brazil". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  76. ^ "Social Progress Index: Mexico". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  77. ^ "Social Progress Index: Ukraine". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  78. ^ "Social Progress Index: Sri Lanka". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  79. ^ "Social Progress Index: Republic of North Macedonia". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  80. ^ "Social Progress Index: Bosnia and Herzegovina". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  81. ^ "Social Progress Index: Kazakhstan". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  82. ^ "Social Progress Index: Moldova". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  83. ^ "Social Progress Index: Russia". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  84. ^ "Social Progress Index: Paraguay". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  85. ^ "Social Progress Index: Cabo Verde". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  86. ^ "Social Progress Index: Cuba". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  87. ^ "Social Progress Index: Jordan". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  88. ^ "Social Progress Index: Oman". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  89. ^ "Social Progress Index: Suriname". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  90. ^ "Social Progress Index: Mongolia". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  91. ^ "Social Progress Index: Dominican Republic". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  92. ^ "Social Progress Index: Maldives". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  93. ^ "Social Progress Index: Thailand". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  94. ^ "Social Progress Index: United Arab Emirates". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  95. ^ "Social Progress Index: Qatar". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  96. ^ "Social Progress Index: South Africa". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  97. ^ "Social Progress Index: Algeria". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  98. ^ "Social Progress Index: Indonesia". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  99. ^ "Social Progress Index: Lebanon". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  100. ^ "Social Progress Index: Botswana". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  101. ^ "Social Progress Index: Bolivia". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  102. ^ "Social Progress Index: Vietnam". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  103. ^ "Social Progress Index: Kyrgyzstan". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  104. ^ "Social Progress Index: Fiji". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  105. ^ "Social Progress Index: Bhutan". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  106. ^ "Social Progress Index: Turkey". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  107. ^ "Social Progress Index: Iran". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  108. ^ "Social Progress Index: El Salvador". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  109. ^ "Social Progress Index: Namibia". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  110. ^ "Social Progress Index: Guyana". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  111. ^ "Social Progress Index: Morocco". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  112. ^ "Social Progress Index: Philippines". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  113. ^ "Social Progress Index: Bahrain". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  114. ^ "Social Progress Index: China". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  115. ^ "Social Progress Index: Saudi Arabia". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  116. ^ "Social Progress Index: Uzbekistan". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  117. ^ "Social Progress Index: Ghana". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  118. ^ "Social Progress Index: Azerbaijan". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  119. ^ "Social Progress Index: Nicaragua". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  120. ^ "Social Progress Index: Gabon". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  121. ^ "Social Progress Index: Iraq". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  122. ^ "Social Progress Index: Honduras". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  123. ^ "Social Progress Index: Guatemala". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  124. ^ "Social Progress Index: Timor-Leste". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  125. ^ "Social Progress Index: Senegal". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  126. ^ "Social Progress Index: Egypt". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  127. ^ "Social Progress Index: Turkmenistan". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  128. ^ "Social Progress Index: Nepal". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  129. ^ "Social Progress Index: Kenya". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  130. ^ "Social Progress Index: Tajikistan". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  131. ^ "Social Progress Index: India". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  132. ^ "Social Progress Index: Cambodia". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  133. ^ "Social Progress Index: Tanzania". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  134. ^ "Social Progress Index: Myanmar". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  135. ^ "Social Progress Index: Benin". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  136. ^ "Social Progress Index: Zambia". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  137. ^ "Social Progress Index: Bangladesh". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  138. ^ "Social Progress Index: Gambia, The". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  139. ^ "Social Progress Index: Rwanda". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  140. ^ "Social Progress Index: Malawi". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  141. ^ "Social Progress Index: Lesotho". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  142. ^ "Social Progress Index: Côte d'Ivoire". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  143. ^ "Social Progress Index: Togo". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  144. ^ "Social Progress Index: Uganda". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  145. ^ "Social Progress Index: Eswatini". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  146. ^ "Social Progress Index: Zimbabwe". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  147. ^ "Social Progress Index: Laos". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  148. ^ "Social Progress Index: Sierra Leone". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  149. ^ "Social Progress Index: Liberia". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  150. ^ "Social Progress Index: Nigeria". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  151. ^ "Social Progress Index: Cameroon". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  152. ^ "Social Progress Index: Equatorial Guinea". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  153. ^ "Social Progress Index: Korea, Democratic Republic of". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  154. ^ "Social Progress Index: Burkina Faso". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  155. ^ "Social Progress Index: Pakistan". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  156. ^ "Social Progress Index: Mozambique". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  157. ^ "Social Progress Index: Mauritania". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  158. ^ "Social Progress Index: Haiti". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  159. ^ "Social Progress Index: Ethiopia". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  160. ^ "Social Progress Index: Djibouti". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  161. ^ "Social Progress Index: Sudan". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  162. ^ "Social Progress Index: Madagascar". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  163. ^ "Social Progress Index: Congo, Republic of". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  164. ^ "Social Progress Index: Mali". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  165. ^ "Social Progress Index: Angola". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  166. ^ "Social Progress Index: Guinea-Bissau". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  167. ^ "Social Progress Index: Papua New Guinea". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  168. ^ "Social Progress Index: Guinea". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  169. ^ "Social Progress Index: Afghanistan". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  170. ^ "Social Progress Index: Congo, Democratic Republic of". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  171. ^ "Social Progress Index: Niger". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  172. ^ "Social Progress Index: Burundi". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  173. ^ "Social Progress Index: Somalia". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  174. ^ "Social Progress Index: Eritrea". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  175. ^ "Social Progress Index: Central African Republic". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  176. ^ "Social Progress Index: Chad". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  177. ^ "Social Progress Index: South Sudan". socialprogress.org. Social Progress Imperative. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  178. ^ Ruggeri, Amanda (January 12, 2018). "How can you measure what makes a country great?". BBC. Retrieved September 13, 2020.
  179. ^ Social Progress Imperative User Study (PDF) (Report). Weisblatt & Associés. March 2016. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  180. ^ Balangue, David L. (November 29, 2014). "Social Progress Index". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  181. ^ Ensor, Charlie (May 3, 2016). "A new index to measure social progress, but what is it really telling us?". Humanosphere. Retrieved September 5, 2021.

외부 링크