2024년 과학

2024 in science
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2024년에 발생했거나 발생할 예정인 과학적 사건은 다음과 같습니다.

이벤트

1월

  • 1월 2일 – 일본 기상청(JMA)은 JRA-55 데이터 세트를 발표하여 2023년을 1850-1900 기준선보다 높은 1.43 °C (2.57 °F)로 기록적으로 가장 따뜻한 해로 확인했습니다. 이는 2016년에 세운 종전 기록보다 0.14°C(0.25°F) 높은 수치입니다.[1][full citation needed]
  • 1월 3일 – 최초의 그래핀으로 만들어진 기능성 반도체조지아 공과대학에서 만들어집니다.[2]
  • 1월 5일 – 과학자들은 초기 우주새로 태어난 은하들이 "바나나" 모양이었다고 보고하는데, 연구자들은 매우 놀랍게도 말입니다.[3][4][5]
  • 1월 9일
  • 1월 10일
    • 화학자들은 긴 사슬 지방산이 고대 열수 분출구에서 생성되었다는 연구 결과를 보고합니다. 이러한 지방산은 원세포생명의 기원에 기본이 되는 최초의 세포막 형성에 기여했을 수 있습니다.[11]
    • 과학자들은 200만 년에서 35만 년 전 사이에 살았던 지구에 서식했던 것으로 알려진 가장 위대한 영장류Gigantopithecus blacki멸종은 주로 유인원이 크게 변화된 환경에 더 잘 맞는 식단에 적응하지 못했기 때문이라고 보고했습니다.[12][13]
  • 1월 11일
    • 생물학자들은 약 2억 8천 9백만년 전에 화석화된 가장 오래된 것으로 알려진 피부와 아마도 고대 파충류의 피부를 발견했다고 보고합니다.[14][15]
    • 과학자들은 티라노사우루스 렉스보다 5-700만년 전에 살았던 티라노사우루스의 더 오래된 종인 티라노사우루스 맥레이엔시스의 발견을 보고하고 있으며, 이는 티라노사우루스 렉스의 진화에 근본적으로 중요할 수 있습니다.[16][17]
    • 브라질카팅가 지역에 대한 연구에 따르면, 브라질의 반건조 생물군계기후 변화의 최상의 시나리오에서도 2060년까지 포유류 종의 90% 이상을 잃을 수 있다고 합니다.[18]
    • 쥐의 뇌 표면에 있는 그래핀 기반 임플란트는 2광자 현미경과 결합하여 250마이크로미터 깊이에서 신경 활동에 대한 고해상도 정보를 포착하는 것으로 나타났습니다.[19]
    • 거의 100만 명이 참가한 21개 연구의 유전자 데이터를 검토한 결과, 우울증과 관련된 50개 이상의 새로운 유전자 유전자좌와 205개의 새로운 유전자가 발견되어 우울증을 치료할 수 있는 약물의 잠재적인 표적이 열렸습니다.[20]
  • 1월 12일
    • 지구 온난화: 2023년은 몇몇 과학 기관들에 의해 기록상 가장 더운 해로 확인되었습니다.[21]
      • NASA는 현대 기록 보관이 시작된 19세기 후반 평균보다 섭씨 1.4도 높은 수치를 보고했습니다.[22]
      • NOAA는 섭씨 1.35도의 수치를 보고합니다.[23]
      • 버클리 지구는 섭씨 1.54도의 수치를 보고하고 있습니다.[24]
  • 1월 13일 – NASA는 3개월간의 시도 실패 끝에 베누 소행성의 샘플로 회수된 컨테이너를 완전히 개방합니다.[25][26]
  • 1월 16일 – 중국의 과학자들에 의해 붉은털원숭이의 첫 복제 성공이 보고되었습니다.[27][28]
1월 19일: 일본은 달에 연착륙한 다섯 번째 국가가 되었습니다.
  • 1월 17일 – 네이처지의 한 연구에 따르면 그린란드 빙상은 분만 전 후퇴의 영향으로 이전 추정치보다 20% 더 빨리 녹고 있는 것으로 나타났습니다. 현재 시간당 30만 톤의 얼음이 손실되고 있는 것은 "해양 순환과 전 세계의 열 에너지 분포에 영향을 미치기에 충분"합니다.[29][30][31]
  • 1월 18일
    • 나사는 화성에서 72번의 비행에 성공한 후, 회전 날개가 부러져 Ingenuity 헬리콥터의 작동이 종료되었다고 보고했습니다.[32][33]
    • 천문학자들은 최초로 알려진 전파 펄서-블랙홀 쌍성의 잠재적인 후보를 보고했습니다. 둘 중 더 무거운 것은 중성자별과 블랙홀 사이의 "질량 격차"에 있습니다. 이 쌍은 구상 성단 NGC 1851에 위치해 있습니다.[34][35]
    • 벌레처럼 생긴 두 로봇, 미니 버그와 워터 스트리더는 지금까지 만들어진 마이크로 로봇들 중 가장 작고, 가장 가볍고, 가장 빠르게 완전히 기능하는 것으로 워싱턴 주립 대학에 의해 보고되었습니다.[36]
    • 바텀 트롤링은 매년 3억 4천만 톤의 이산화탄소(CO2)를 대기로 방출하는 것으로 밝혀졌는데, 이는 전 세계 이산화탄소2 배출량의 거의 1%에 해당합니다.[37][38]
  • 1월 19일 – 일본은 슬림 임무를 수행하여 에 연착륙한 다섯 번째 국가가 되었습니다.[39][40]
  • 1월 21일 – 생물학자들은 인간 마이크로바이옴에서 바이로이드 유사 원소의 새로운 부류인 "오벨리스크"와 그들과 관련된 단백질 그룹인 "오블린"이 발견되었다고 보고합니다.[41][42]
  • 1월 24일 – Warwick 대학TESS 관측소의 데이터를 기반으로 85개의 외계 행성 후보를 발견했다고 보고했습니다. 모두 20일에서 700일 사이의 궤도 주기를 가지며, 온도는 태양계 행성과 비슷합니다.[43]
  • 1월 25일 – 레이저 간섭계 우주 안테나(Laser Interferometer Space Antenna)가 유럽 우주국(ESA)의 승인을 받았습니다. 2035년에 출시될 예정입니다.[44][45]
  • 1월 26일 - 천문학자들은 지구 크기의 약 2배 크기의 외계 행성인 GJ 9827d의 대기에서 수증기가 검출되었다고 보고합니다.[46]
  • 1월 29일
  • 1월 31일 – NASA는 TOI-715b라고 불리는 슈퍼 지구가 137광년 떨어진 적색왜성의 거주 가능 영역에 위치하고 있다고 보고했습니다.[49]

2월

예측 및 예정된 이벤트

천문학적 사건

  • 소행성 2020 BX12 지구 근접
  • 잃어버린 소행성 2007 FT3 지구의 충돌 가능성

참고 항목

참고문헌

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