핀란드 여권

Finnish passport
핀란드 여권
Finnish passport cover PRADO.jpg
현재 핀란드 생체 인식 여권 앞표지
유형여권
발급자 핀란드
최초발행2006년 8월 21일 (첫 번째 생체 인식 버전)
2017년 1월 1일(현재 버전)[1]
목적식별
자격핀란드 시민권
만료발행후 5년
비용€51, €45(전자 신청), €25(신청자가 핀란드 전쟁 참전용사일 경우), €22(핀란드 전쟁 참전용사, 전자 신청)[2]

핀란드 여권은 국제 여행을 목적으로 핀란드 국민들에게 발급된다. 핀란드 국적을 증명하는 역할을 하는 것 외에 해외에 있는 핀란드 영사관(또는 핀란드 영사관이 부재할 경우 다른 EU 영사관이나 북유럽 공관[3])의 지원을 확보하는 절차를 용이하게 한다.

핀란드 여권은 표준화된 레이아웃과 버건디-레드 커버를 다른 EU 국가들과 공유한다. 여권은 현지 경찰이나 핀란드의 공인 외교 사절단이 해외에서 발급한다.

30세 미만이며 결과적으로 병역의무를 이행하지 않은 남성은 의무 이행의 마지막 법적 시작일(만 28세)까지 만료일이 있는 여권을 발급받을 수 있다. 30세 이상 남성은 병역의무 이행여부에 관계없이 정상적인 만료일이 있는 여권을 발급받을 수 있다.

모든 핀란드 시민들도 유럽연합의 시민이다. 여권은 국가 신분증과 함께 유럽연합, 유럽 경제 지역, 스위스 어느 주에서든 자유로운 이동권과 거주권을 허용한다. 노르딕 국가 내 여행의 경우 노르딕 여권 연합으로 인해 노르딕 시민에 대한 신원 문서가 법적으로 요구되지 않는다.

Physical appearance

From 1996, Finnish passports have had burgundy-coloured covers and use the standard European Union passport layout, with the Finnish Coat of arms emblazoned in the centre of the front cover. The words "Euroopan unioni" (Finnish) and "Europeiska unionen" (Swedish) meaning "European Union" are inscribed above the coat of arms, and the words "Suomi – Finland", the country's name in Finnish and Swedish, and "Passi – Pass", meaning "Passport" in Finnish and Swedish, below. In older non-biometric EU passports issued prior to August 2006, the words were entirely in capital letters, but current versions use mixed case. Biometric passports, first issued on 21 August 2006, also have the standard biometric symbol at the top. In 2012, the coat of arms was enlarged and the European Union title was shifted below it and separated by a double line from the country's name which is now in all capitals. The biometric symbol has been moved to the bottom. The inside pages contain drawings of an elk that when flipped rapidly show the elk in motion. The cover is embossed with a snowflake motif.

Visa requirements

Main article: Visa requirements for Finnish citizens
Visa requirements for Finnish citizens
Finland
Freedom of movement
Visa not required
Visa on arrival
eVisa
Visa available both on arrival or online
Visa required prior to arrival

In 2018, Finnish citizens had visa-free or visa on arrival access to 187 countries and territories, ranking the Finnish passport third in the world (tied with Danish, French, Italian, South Korean, Spanish and Swedish passports) according to the Henley Passport Index.[4] Additionally, Arton Capital's Passport Index ranked the Finnish passport second in the world, with a visa-free score of 165 (tied with Danish, Dutch, German, Luxembourgish, Norwegian, South Korean, Swedish and United States passports), as of 30 July 2018.[5]

As a member state of the European Union, Finnish citizens enjoy freedom of movement within the European Economic Area (EEA). The Citizens’ Rights Directive[6] defines the right of free movement for citizens of the EEA. Through bilateral agreements freedom of movement is extended to Switzerland,[7] and all EU and EFTA nationals are not only visa-exempt but are legally entitled to enter and reside in each other's countries.

Different spellings of the same name

Names containing special letters (ä, ö) are spelled the correct way in the non-machine-readable zone, but are mapped in the machine-readable zone, ä becoming AE, and ö becoming OE.
For example, Hämäläinen → HAEMAELAEINEN.
The letter å appears only in Finland-Swedish and foreign names. It is rendered as AA.
For example, Ståhlberg → STAAHLBERG.

History

Passports issued before the adoption of the EU design in 1996 were dark blue and did not contain the "European Union" texts, but were otherwise broadly similar in appearance. Previously, children could be included in the parents' passport, but this is no longer allowed and children must be issued their own passport, regardless of age.

  • Front cover of a pre-1996 Finnish passport

  • Front cover of a 1996–2006 EU-format machine-readable, non-biometric Finnish passport

  • Front cover of a 2006–2012 biometric Finnish passport

  • Front cover of a 2012–2016 biometric Finnish passport

  • Front cover of a biometric diplomatic passport

  • Front cover of a biometric service passport

  • Passport issued to the residence of Åland

  • Current-type passport with no RFID chip (only issued at Finnish embassies abroad)

  • A collection of old Finnish passports displayed by the Finnish Ministry of Foreign Affairs

Åland

Åland, being an autonomous region with its own Government, has a separate passport. The Åland Islands passport does not however indicate a different nationality, with all holders being Finnish citizens. Unlike the Danish autonomous countries or British Crown dependencies (none of which belongs to the European Union) the Åland Islands autonomous region is a full part of the Finnish state, and an Åland Islands passport therefore brings all the rights and benefits of European Union membership for the holder. The passport follows the standard European Union format, and is marked on the front cover with both Finland and Åland.[8] Finnish citizenship and Åland Nordic cooperation </ref>

See also

참조

  1. ^ "Lapin luonto kuvittaa uutta Suomen passia ja henkilökorttia". Poliisi (in Finnish). Retrieved 5 January 2022.
  2. ^ "Service prices 1st January 2018". Poliisi. 1 January 2018. Archived from the original on 6 March 2018. Retrieved 21 January 2018.
  3. ^ 헬싱키 조약 제34조 (제34조 8항)
  4. ^ "Global Ranking – Visa Restriction Index 2018". Retrieved 30 July 2018.
  5. ^ "Global Passport Power Rank 2021 Passport Index 2021".
  6. ^ "EUR-Lex – 32004L0038R(01) – EN – EUR-Lex". Eur-lex.europa.eu. 29 June 2004. Retrieved 25 November 2017.
  7. ^ Migration, State Secretariat for. "Free Movement of Persons Switzerland – EU/EFTA". www.sem.admin.ch. Retrieved 14 November 2020.
  8. ^ 소수민족 보호자로서 å랜드 자치권의 예는 2016년 10월 10일에 접속되었다.