숏턴 브리지 역

Shotton Bridge railway station
숏턴 역과 혼동하지 말자.
숏턴 브리지
Low walling beside Haswell to Hart route (geograph 5761023).jpg
2018년 5월 역세권 현장.사진작가 뒤에는 다리 건너편 길이 있다.
일반 정보
위치더럼 주, 쇼튼 콜리리리
잉글랜드
좌표54°45′54″n 1°23′38″w/54.7649°N 1.39°W/ 54.7649; -1.3939좌표: 54°45′54″N 1°23′38″W / 54.7649°N 1.39°W / 54.7649; -1.393939
격자 참조NZ39084128
플랫폼2
다른 정보
상태사용되지 않음
역사
원회사북동 철도
그룹화 전북동 철도
그룹화 후
주요일자
1877 (1877)열린
1952년 6월 9일 (1952-06-09)닫힌

쇼튼 브릿지 역은 철도 역은 북한 동부 철도는 하틀풀 부두의 경로에(NER)에 의해 지어진, 작품의 계획과 더럼 및과 연결 이 라인 modernise에 선덜랜드 철도(D&amp의 일환으로 철도(HD&, R);.SR) 그렇게 웨스트 하틀풀:영국 잉글랜드 동북부와 선덜랜드의 사이에 철도 through-route을 만들 정도였다.개통 당시 역은 비교적 새로운 마을인 숏턴 그랜지 콜리에리(Shotton Grange Colliery)와 스톡턴에서 선덜랜드 턴파이크(Sunderland turnpike)[1] 도로의 올드 숏턴(Old Shotton)을 동쪽까지 운행했다.

역사

하틀풀 선착장 & 철도

HD&R의 건설은 1832년 6월 1일에 입수한 의회법에 의해 처음 승인되었다. 이 법률은 철도 회사가 무어슬리에서 하틀풀까지 14마일의 철도를 건설할 수 있는 권한을 부여했으며, 또한 철도 주변 광장에 서비스를 제공할 수 있는 다수의 짧은 지점이 허용되었다.1834년 6월 16일 추가 법률은 더럼 시의 자일스게이트에 추가 지사를 인가했다.[2]그러나 다른 철도 회사들(주로 더럼 & 선덜랜드 철도(D&SR)의 경쟁은 회사가 접근하고자 했던 다른 노선들 중 많은 부분을 우회시켰고, 따라서 H&DR은 Haswell까지 도달했을 뿐이며 대부분의 지점은 짧게 깎이거나 건설되지 않은 채 방치되었다는 것을 의미한다.그럼에도 불구하고, 1835년 11월 23일에 (해스웰까지) 축소된 노선이 개통되었다.[4]이 노선에 걸쳐 여객 서비스가 운영되었지만, 처음에는 숏턴에서 역이 제공되지 않았다. 당시 가장 가까운 역은 손리였다.

The most likely reason that no station was provided here when the line first opened in 1835 is that the area was then rural: the line passed some distance from Old Shotton and the fairly deep Permian Magnesian Limestone overlying Carboniferous Coal Measures meant that large-scale mining activity had yet to begin in the area. Sinking of Shotton Grange Colliery began in 1840 and once in production it was linked first to the southbound H&DR route by the Shotton Wagonway[1] and soon afterwards, in 1841, to the northbound Pesspool Branch of the South Hetton Railway.[5]

The NER and the opening of the station

In 1846, the newly formed York & Newcastle Railway (Y&NR) took out a lease on the HD&R which was ratified by an Act of 22 July 1848,[2] from which point the line was operated by the York, Newcastle & Berwick Railway (YN&BR) (the successor to the Y&NR). On the 31 July 1854, the YN&BR was amalgamated with other companies to form the North Eastern Railway.[6]

The NER initiated a programme of improvements to ex-HD&R and ex-D&SR lines during the 1870s: in 1874, the tracks up the original 1 in 34 rope-worked incline at Hesleden Bank were realigned to ease the gradients and enable locomotive working[7] and, in 1877, a chord was built at Haswell to allow through passenger trains to run between the ex-HD&R and ex-D&SR networks, creating a direct route between West Hartlepool and Sunderland.[4] By this time, the new village of Shotton Colliery (referred to as New Shotton on early OS maps) had developed to provide housing for the colliery workers[1] and so, as part of these improvement works, in 1877 the NER opened a station at Shotton Bridge[4] to serve the new community.

The station offices were located on a widened road bridge over the tracks and were linked to the two platforms by covered stairways. Each platform had a brick waiting room. Unlike other contemporary stations of the NER, the station never had any goods facilities,[4] perhaps due to the colliery being served by its own wagonway branch.

However, in the year that the station was opened, Shotton Grange Colliery [8] and its waggonway closed[5] (the limited technology of the time was unable to extract coal economically from the depths at which it was present)[1] meaning that the village lost its main source of employment. Thus, in 1894 it was reported that many of the village's workmen's houses were abandoned.[1] In 1901 the station served a population of 959 within the immediate vicinity[4] but the reopening of the colliery (and the southern section of the wagonway) later that year[5] was one cause of the increase to 6,280 in 1911.[4]

Decline and closure

Despite the improvements of the 1870s, the route through Shotton Bridge continued to provide a steep and indirect route between West Hartlepool and Sunderland and so, on 1 April 1905, the NER opened a new coastal line linking the former Londonderry, Seaham & Sunderland Railway at Seaham with the ex-HD&R line near the coast at Hart.[6] The new line allowed the steepest sections of the inland route to be bypassed[3] and thus led to the gradual diversion of much of the longer-distance traffic away from Shotton Bridge station and onto the new line.[4]

The NER became part of the London and North Eastern Railway (LNER) as part of the 1923 grouping, which in turn came under the control of the North Eastern Region of British Railways following its nationalisation in 1948. By this time, passenger and goods traffic across the country was in decline and this was also the case for the route from West Hartlepool to Sunderland through Shotton Bridge. The route lost its stopping passenger services (south of Murton) on 9 June 1952[9] and though many of the stations on the line remained open to goods traffic until 1966,[4] the lack of goods handling facilities meant that Shotton Bridge station closed completely when passenger services ceased. The line was, however, still used by Sunday diversions until the section through Haswell was dismantled in the late 1960s[5] and a single line through the station was maintained[4] to provide a southerly outlet for coal from South Hetton and Hawthorn Collieries until around the time of the 1984 miner's strike.[5] Shotton Grange Colliery continued to be served by the remaining section of waggonway until its closure in 1972.[10]

Shortly before the station's closure, the new town of Peterlee was established in 1948[11] and was to be located a short distance to the east of Shotton Colliery. However, by the time construction of the town had actually commenced, the station had already closed.

Once the remaining tracks were lifted on the line, work commenced on converting the disused section (south of Haswell) into the Hart to Haswell Walkway[2] which was linked into the Castle Eden Walkway to form a continuous north–south cycleway. This was eventually extended to Ryhope after the closure of the remaining section of the line between Hawthorn Colliery and Ryhope Junction in 1991.[12]

References

  1. ^ a b c d e Hatcher, Jane. "Shotton – a short history" (PDF). Durham in Time. Retrieved 15 June 2019.
  2. ^ a b c Hoole, K. (1986). Regional History of Railways of Great Britain Volume 4 The North East (Third ed.). Newton Abbot: David St John Thomas. pp. 149, 151 & 154. ISBN 0946537313.
  3. ^ a b Hill, Norman (2001). Teesside Railways A View From The Past. Hersham: Ian Allan Publishing Ltd. pp. 17, 18, 23, 27 & 48. ISBN 0711028036.
  4. ^ a b c d e f g h i Hoole, K. (1985). Railways of East Durham. Clapham, Lancashire: The Dalesman Publishing Company Ltd. pp. 8–9 & 33. ISBN 0852068352.
  5. ^ a b c d e Goodyear, Alan (January 1992). "MURTON CLOSURE ENDS AN ERA". Railway Magazine. London. 138 (1089): 56–57.
  6. ^ a b Body, Geoffrey (1989). PSL Field Guides - Railways of the Eastern Region Volume 2. Patrick Stephens Limited. pp. 66, 85 & 150. ISBN 1852600721.
  7. ^ Hoole, Ken (1986). Regional History of Railways of Great Britain Volume 4 The North East (3rd ed.). David St John Thomas. pp. 149–150. ISBN 0946537313.
  8. ^ "Durham Mining Museum - Shotton Colliery". Durham Mining Museum. Retrieved 15 June 2019.
  9. ^ Hoole, K. (1978). North Eastern Branch Lines Since 1925. Shepperton: Ian Alan Ltd. pp. 80–81 & 114. ISBN 0711008299.
  10. ^ Whitehead, Tony (30 July 2013). "Shotton Colliery Durham Records Online Library". Durham Records Online. Retrieved 15 June 2019.
  11. ^ "Peterlee History". Apollo Pavilion. Retrieved 15 June 2019.
  12. ^ "Colliery Railways: Hartlepool to Sunderland via Haswell 1835/6-1993 Durham Records Online Library". Durham Records Online. Retrieved 8 January 2018.

External links

Preceding station Historical railways Following station
Thornley
Line and station closed 		North Eastern Railway
Hartlepool Dock & Railway 		Haswell
Line and station closed