투르 드 프랑스 최고점 목록
List of highest points reached in the Tour de France투르 드 프랑스(Tour de France)는 주로 프랑스에서 매년 열리는 남자 다단계 자전거 대회로 일반적으로 세계에서 가장 유명한 자전거 경주로 여겨진다.[1]프랑스의 스포츠 저널리스트이자 전 프로 로드 레이싱 사이클 선수인 앙리 데스그레지가 이 경기의 초대 감독이 된 것에 의해 설립되었다.[2]그는 가장 어려운 루트를 이용하여 알프스와 피레네에서 가장 높은 곳에 도달할 수 있는 곳으로 투어를 가는 것에 열정적이었다.[3]
1903년 제1회 투르 드 프랑스(Tour de France)의 가장 높은 지점은 메시프 센트럴 고원지대 몽필라트(Mont Pilat) 지역에 있는 1,161m 높이(3,809ft)의 콜 드 라 레퓌블리크 산 고갯길 정상이었다.이듬해에는 그 노선이 그대로 유지되었으나 1905년과 1906년에 투어는 알프스, 특히 다우피네 알프스, 그리고 1,264m (4,147ft)의 콜 바야드로 이동했다.1907년 투어는 샤르트루즈 산맥의 콜 드 포르테와 함께 최고 1,326m(4,350ft)까지 레이스를 끌어올렸다.이 지점은 다음 두 투어의 최고점이었다.[4]
이 경주는 1910년 제9판 피레네에서 2,115미터 높이(6,939피트)의 콜 뒤 투르말레(Col du Tourmalet)를 통과하면서 처음으로 고도에[a] 올랐다.[6][7]그 높이에 만족하지 못한 데스그레지는 이듬해 1891년 처음 개통한 단란 365m 길이(1,198ft)의 터널을 통해 2,556m(8,386ft)로 합계한 알프스 산맥의 갈리비에르 콜을 소개했다.[8][3]당시 데스그란지는 투르말레 등반과 비교해서 갈리비에르 상공에서 "오 사피, 오 라프리, 오 바야드, 오 투르말레!갈리비에에 비하면 너는 창백하고 천한 아기에 지나지 않는다고 선언하는 내 의무를 회피하지 않을 것이다. 이 거인과 마주하면 우리는 모자에 팁을 주고 절을 하는 것밖에 할 수 없다.[9]갈리비에는 1937년까지의 각 투어에서 가장 높은 고도가 있었는데, 이 고도가 경주에서 가장 상징적인 등반 중 하나가 되었다.[10]1938년 경주는 2770m(9,088ft)의 알파인 콜 드 리세란까지 올라갔다.[6][11]갈리비에르를 포함한 다양한 알파인 패스는 1962년 알프스의 시메 드 라 보넷에서 2,802m(9,193ft)[12]의 새로운 고지를 보기 전까지 투르에서 도달한 가장 높은 지점이었다.2019년[update] 현재 이곳은 투르 드 프랑스가 도달한 가장 높은 고도로 남아 있다.1962년 이후, 투어 바 1의 모든 최고 지점은 높은 알프스와 피레네에서 패스를 사용하면서 2,000m(6,562ft) 이상을 유지했다.
리스트
* | 스테이지 피니시의 위치로도 포인트가 사용되었다. |
---|---|
~ | 등반은 투르 드 프랑스 역사상 처음으로 사용되었다. |
^ | 점(Point)은 지금까지 모든 둘러보기 버전에서 도달한 새로운 최고 고도였습니다. |
참고 항목
- 기념품 앙리 데스그란지 – 투르 드 프랑스에서 수여되는 상은 때때로 가장 높은 곳에 있다.
- 기념품 Jacques Goddet – Tour de France에서 수여하는 상으로 대부분 Col du Tourmalet 정상에 있다.
메모들
- ^ 해발 2100m(6,890ft)가 넘는 고도는 사람이 흡수할 수 있는 산소의 양을 제한해 인체에 영향을 미치기 때문에 자전거 이용자의 경기력에 해롭다.[5]
- ^ 고지는 지난 정상에서 취한다.
- ^ "카테고리"란 투르 드 프랑스에서 각 등반 난이도를 결정하기 위해 산악구분에 사용되는 시스템을 말한다.그것은 1947년 투어에서 1과 2(또는 A와 B)라는 두 개의 카테고리로 시작되었다.세 번째 범주는 1949년에 추가되었고 네 번째 범주는 1962년에 추가되었다."분류를 넘어"로 지정된 가장 어려운 등반에 주어지는 특별한 고추냉이(HC)가 1979년에 도입되었다.[13]
- ^ 1976년 투르 드 프랑스 이전에 갈리비에르는 언론에 의해 이 노선의 가장 높은 등반이라고 발표되었지만 정상 터널의 수리를 위해 올해 초에 폐쇄되었다.[114][115]
- ^ 기상 악화로 인해 두 개의 높은 계획 상승이 모두 취소되었고, 2,642 미터(8,668 피트), 2,770 미터 (9,088 피트)의 콜 드 리세란이 취소되었다.[154]
- ^ 2011년 3월, 2009년 5월 7일 이후 이탈리아인 프랑코 펠리조티의 모든 결과는 스포츠 중재 재판소가 그의 생물학적 여권에 불규칙한 값이 표시된 것을 발견하여 부적격 판정을 받았다.[181]
- ^ 갈리비에르 콜은 2015년 투르 드 프랑스에서 가장 높은 고도가 될 계획이었으나, 경기 전 산사태로 인해 취소되었다.[194]
- ^ a b 2019 투르 드 프랑스 19단계는 우박과 산사태로 인해 발디제르 인근 도로가 불가능해진 후 티그네스에서의 계획된 최종 등반과 마감을 앞두고 콜 드 리세란 정상에서 중단되었다.무대 승리는 수여되지 않았다.[202]
참조
- ^ 하놀드 2012, 페이지 13.
- ^ 헤이즈만 & 말론 2011, 페이지 66.
- ^ a b 프리베 & 고딩 2017, 페이지 191.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i 2019년 8월 181~199쪽.
- ^ 호프만 2014, 페이지 382.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r 코신스 2013, 페이지 50-51.
- ^ 2019년 8월 19일 페이지
- ^ 2019년 8월 183페이지.
- ^ 프리베 & 고딩 2017, 페이지 192.
- ^ Pickering, Edward (21 July 2011). "The Col du Galibier: The Tour's most iconic climb (video)". Cycling Weekly. Archived from the original on 25 May 2019. Retrieved 18 November 2019.
- ^ a b 2019년 8월 184페이지.
- ^ Bacon, Ellis (15 March 2016). "Col de la Bonette". Cyclist. Archived from the original on 14 April 2019. Retrieved 20 February 2020.
- ^ 판 덴 악커 2018, 페이지 162–164.
- ^ 코신스 2017, 페이지 149–151.
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- ^ 위크로프트 2004, 페이지 24.
- ^ Wheatcroft 2004, 페이지 25.
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- ^ "Cinq équipes nationales de huit coureurs et soixante touristes routies commenceront, demain mercredi, le 24e Tour de France" [Five national teams of eight riders and sixty touring tourists will start the 24th Tour de France tomorrow Wednesday]. Le Miroir des sports (in French). 1 July 1930. p. 2 – via Gallica.
- ^ Desgrange, Henri (22 July 1930). "24e Tour de France cycliste" [24th Tour de France cycling race]. L'Auto (in French). p. 1 – via Gallica.
- ^ "La formule des équipes nationales, qui se révéla excellente in 1930, est conservée, sans grands changements, pour le 25e Tour de France" [The national team formula, which proved to be excellent in 1930, is retained, without major changes, for the 25th Tour de France]. Le Miroir des sports (in French). 30 June 1931. p. 4 – via Gallica.
- ^ Desgrange, Henri (20 July 1931). "25e Tour de France" [25th Tour de France]. L'Auto (in French). p. 1 – via Gallica.
- ^ "La suppression de la moité des étapes jusqu'aux pyrénées et la forula des bonifications a l'arrivée donneront-elles une physionomie nouvelle au 26e Tour de France cycliste" [The elimination of half of the stages up to the Pyrenees and the formulation of bonuses on arrival will give a new physiognomy to the 26th Tour de France cycling]. Le Miroir des sports (in French). 5 July 1932. p. 2 – via Gallica.
- ^ Desgrange, Henri (24 July 1932). "26e Tour de France cycliste" [26th Tour de France cycling]. L'Auto (in French). p. 1 – via Gallica.
- ^ "Comment va se dérouler cette année la plus grande épreuve cycliste du monde" [How will be the biggest cycling event in the world this year]. Le Miroir des sports (in French). 27 June 1933. p. 6 – via Gallica.
- ^ Desgrange, Henri (5 July 1933). "Le 27e Tour de France cycliste" [The 27th Tour de France cycling race]. L'Auto (in French). p. 1 – via Gallica.
- ^ "El éxito de los ciclistas españoles se acrecienta, especialmente el de Ezquerra que es "leader" del G. P. de la Montaña..." [The success of Spanish cyclists increases, especially that of Ezquerra who is the "leader" of G. P. de la Montaña...] (PDF). El Mundo Deportivo (in Spanish). 1 July 1934. p. 1.
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- ^ "Bartali slaat massalen aanval der Belgen af" [Bartali rejects the mass attack of the Belgians]. Haagsche Courant (in Dutch). 25 July 1938. p. 14 – via Delpher.
- ^ "Et voici, dix ans apres... Le Tour de France 1939" [And here, ten years later... The Tour de France 1939]. Le Miroir des sports (in French). 11 July 1939. p. 3 – via Gallica.
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