미국의 주별 총기법

미국의 총기법은 총기 및 탄약의 판매, 소지 및 사용을 규제하고 있습니다.주법(및 콜롬비아 특별구와 미국 영토의 법률)은 상당히 다양하며, 연방법보다 범위가 넓거나 범위가 제한적이긴 하지만 기존 연방 총기법과는 독립적입니다.

44개 주 헌법에는 무기를 소지하고 소지할 권리를 보호하는 미국 헌법 수정 제2조와 유사한 조항이 있다.예외는 캘리포니아, 아이오와, 메릴랜드, 미네소타, 뉴저지 및 뉴욕입니다.그러나 뉴욕에서는 법률이 수정헌법 ^[1]^[2]제2조와 사실상 동일한 조항을 포함하고 있다.게다가, 미국 대법원은 맥도날드 대 맥도날드 사건에서 열렸다. 시카고는 자기 방어를 위해 자신의 집에 무기를 보관하고 소지하기 위한 수정헌법 제2조의 보호가 주정부와 그 정치부문에 ^[3]적용된다고 밝혔다.

총기 소유자는 거주지 주에서만 적용되는 것이 아니라 자신이 속한 주(州)의 총기 관련 법률의 적용을 받습니다.은폐된 운반 허가와 같은 특정 상황에서는 국가 간 상호성이 존재합니다.이것들은 주 단위로 인식됩니다.예를 들어, 아이다호는 오리건 허가증을 인정하지만, 오리건은 아이다호 허가증을 인정하지 않습니다.플로리다는 은닉 무기와 총기 소지 면허를 발급하지만 다른 곳에서는 은닉 총기 소지 면허만 발급한다.일부 주에서는 총기 휴대 허가를 전혀 인정하지 않기 때문에, ^[4]권총을 가지고 여행할 때는 각 주의 법을 이해하는 것이 중요합니다.

많은 경우, 주 총기법은 연방 총기법보다 훨씬 덜 제한적일 수 있습니다.이는 연방법 위반에 대한 기소 면책특권을 부여하지 않습니다.그러나 주 및 지방 경찰청은 미국 대법원의 프린츠 대 미국 ^[5]^[6]판결에 따라 연방 총기법을 집행할 법적 의무가 없다.

의

것들이 .

일부 주 및 지방에서는 총기류를 구입하거나 소지하기 위해 면허 또는 허가를 받아야 합니다.
일부 주와 지방은 경찰이나 다른 법 집행 기관에 개인 총기를 등록하도록 요구한다.
모든 주에서는 어떤 형태의 은닉 휴대, 공공장소에서의 은닉 총기 휴대가 허용된다.
많은 주에서 어떤 형태의 오픈 캐리어, 즉 밀폐되지 않은 총기를 개인이나 차량에 공공장소에서 휴대할 수 있도록 허용하고 있습니다.
일부 주에서는 일부 또는 모든 총기법에 대한 주 정부의 선처권이 있는데, 이것은 주만이 법적으로 총기류를 규제할 수 있다는 것을 의미한다.다른 주에서는 지방 정부가 주 정부보다 더 제한적으로 자체 총기 법안을 통과시킬 수 있다.
일부 주와 지방에서는 공격용 무기로 정의한 특정 반자동 총기나 일정 수 이상의 탄약을 장착할 수 있는 탄창에 대해 추가적인 제한을 가하고 있습니다.
NFA 무기는 1934년 미국 총기법과 1986년 화기 소유자 보호법에 의해 연방 차원에서 엄격하게 제한되는 무기이다.이것들은 자동 총기, 짧은 총기, 짧은 총기를 포함한다.일부 주와 지방은 그러한 무기에 추가적인 제한을 가한다.
일부 주에서는 가능하면 도망치거나 후퇴할 의무 없이 특정 상황에서 개인이 자기 방어를 위해 치명적인 무력을 사용할 수 있는 법적 근거를 제공하는 성 독트린이나 독립법(stand-your-ground laws를 제정했습니다.
일부 주에서는 평화 여행법이 다른 목적지로 가는 여행객들이 총기를 소지할 수 있는 추가적인 자유를 준다.
일부 주에서는 민간 당사자에 의해 총기가 판매될 때 구매자의 신원조회를 요구한다. (연방법은 허가된 총기 판매상 및 주 간 판매에 대한 신원조회를 요구한다.)
일부 주에서는 판사가 다른 사람이나 자신에게 긴급한 위협을 가하는 사람의 총기를 일시적으로 몰수하는 명령을 내릴 수 있는 적색 깃발 법을 제정했다.

주

★★★★★★★★★★★★★★★★★」	★★★★★★★★★★★★★★★	★★★★	법령	★★★★★
매하려면 가가??? ????	아니요.	아니요.
★★★★★★★★★★★★★★★★★★?	아니요.	아니요.
★★★★★★★★★★★★★★★★?	아니요.	아니요.
잡지 용량 제한	아니요.	아니요.
유자자 ?? ?? ?? ?? ? ???	아니요.	아니요.
은닉 운반에는 허가서가 필요합니까?	없음	네.	13A-11-75	앨라배마 주는 시민들과 19세 이상의 합법적 영주권자들에게 "발행해야 할" 주이다.총기 소지 면허는 개인이나 차량에 숨겨둔 총기를 소지하기 위해 필요합니다. 무허가 반입은 2023년 1월 1일부터 시행됩니다.
오픈 캐리에는 허가서가 필요합니까?	아니요.	아니요.	13A-11-7	허가 없이 공공장소에서 휴대할 수 있습니다. 단, 권총을 고정해야 합니다.
캐슬 독트린/스탠드 유어 어라운드법?	네.	네.	13A-3-23
국지적 제한의 선점?	네.	네.	13A-11-61.3	"...총기, 탄약, 화기 부속품을 다루는 이 주의 모든 규제 분야를 입법부가 점유하고 선점한다.."
NFA 무기 제한?	아니요.	아니요.	13A-11-54	지팡이로 위장한 다른 무기(AOW)를 소지하는 것은 불법이다.
평화여행법?	아니요.	아니요.
개인 판매에는 신원조회가 필요합니까?	아니요.	아니요.

알래스카

대상/법률	롱 건스	핸드건	관계 법령	메모들
구매하려면 주 허가증이 필요합니까?	아니요.	아니요.
총기 등록?	아니요.	아니요.
폭행 무기법?	아니요.	아니요.
잡지 용량 제한	아니요.	아니요.
소유자 라이선스가 필요합니까?	아니요.	아니요.
은닉 운반에는 허가서가 필요합니까?	없음	아니요.	AS 11.61.220 AS 18.65.700	알래스카는 시민들과 21세 이상의 합법적 영주권자들에게 "발행해야 할" 주이다. 2003년 9월 9일부터 무허가 캐리(carry)가 발효되었습니다.
오픈 캐리에는 허가서가 필요합니까?	아니요.	아니요.		허가 없이 공개적으로 운반할 수 있습니다.
캐슬 독트린/스탠드 유어 어라운드법?	네.	네.	AS 11.81.300
국지적 제한의 선점?	네.	네.	AS 29.35.145
NFA 무기 제한?	아니요.	아니요.
캐슬 독트린 / 기본 법칙을 지키라고?	네.	네.	AS 11.81.330	"자기 방어를 위해 무력을 사용하는 것이 정당화된 사람은 죽음에 대한 자기 방어를 위해 치명적인 무력을 사용하는 것이 필요하다고 합리적으로 믿을 때 다른 사람에게 치명적 무력을 사용할 수 있다; 중상, 납치라고 묘사된 것을 제외하고.AS 11.41.320의 st 학위, 1급 성폭행, 2급 성폭행, 1급 미성년자 성적 학대, 또는 모든 수준의 강도.
인증할까요?	네.	네.	AS 18.65.810	30일 이내에 인증해야 한다.
평화여행법?	아니요.	아니요.
개인 판매에는 신원조회가 필요합니까?	아니요.	아니요.
알릴 의무?	네.	네.	AS 11.61.220(a)(1)(A)(i)

애리조나 주

대상/법률	롱 건스	핸드건	관계 법령	메모들
구매하려면 주 허가증이 필요합니까?	아니요.	아니요.
총기 등록?	아니요.	아니요.	A.R.S.© 13-3108
폭행 무기법?	아니요.	아니요.
잡지 용량 제한	아니요.	아니요.
소유자 라이선스가 필요합니까?	아니요.	아니요.
은닉 운반에는 허가서가 필요합니까?	없음	아니요.	A.R.S.© 13-3102 A.R.S. © 13-3112	애리조나는 시민들과 21세 이상의 합법적 영주권자들에게 "발행해야 할" 주이다. 무허가 반입은 2010년 7월 29일부터 시행되었다.
오픈 캐리에는 허가서가 필요합니까?	아니요.	아니요.		허가 없이 공개적으로 운반할 수 있습니다.
캐슬 독트린/스탠드 유어 어라운드법?	네.	네.	A.R.S. © 13-401 ~13-421
국지적 제한의 선점?	네.	네.	A.R.S.© 13-3108
NFA 무기 제한?	아니요.	아니요.
인증할까요?	네.	네.	A.R.S. © 13-3121	60일 이내에 인증해야 한다.
평화여행법?	아니요.	아니요.
개인 판매에는 신원조회가 필요합니까?	아니요.	아니요.	A.R.S. © 44-1382

아칸소 주

대상/법률	롱 건스	핸드건	관계 법령	메모들
구매하려면 주 허가증이 필요합니까?	아니요.	아니요.
총기 등록?	아니요.	아니요.
폭행 무기법?	아니요.	아니요.
잡지 용량 제한	아니요.	아니요.
소유자 라이선스가 필요합니까?	아니요.	아니요.
은닉 운반에는 허가서가 필요합니까?	없음	아니요.	AR 코드 © 5-73-120 AR 코드 © 5-73-301 ~5-73-320	아칸소주는 시민들과 21세 이상의 합법적 영주권자들에게 "발행해야 할" 주이다.일반 허가 및 확장 허가가 발급됩니다.훈련 과정을 수료한 사람에게는 강화된 허가증이 발급됩니다. 무허가 반입은 2013년 8월 16일부터 시행되었다. 강화된 은닉 운반 허가는 공립 대학, 대부분의 공공 건물, 공항, 교회 등의 ^[7]^[8]^[9]비보안 장소에서의 운반과 같은 일부 영역에서의 운반을 허용합니다.
오픈 캐리에는 허가서가 필요합니까?	아니요.	아니요.	AR 코드 © 5-73-120
캐슬 독트린/스탠드 유어 어라운드법?	네.	네.	AR 코드 © 5-2-601 ~5-2-621
국지적 제한의 선점?	네.	네.	AR 코드 © 14-16-504
NFA 무기 제한?	네.	아니요.	AR 코드 © 5-73-207	기관총은 30인치 권총 탄창을 발사할 수 없다.또는 7.63mm 이상 또는 그 이상의 총이 탄약회사에 등록되지 않은 경우.
인증할까요?	네.	네.	AR 코드 © 5-73-112	15일 이내에 인증해야 한다.
평화여행법?	네.	네.	AR 코드 © 5-73-120
개인 판매에는 신원조회가 필요합니까?	아니요.	아니요.
알릴 의무?	네.	네.

캘리포니아

대상/법률	롱건	권총	관계법령(기재하지 않는 한 벌칙)	메모들
구매하려면 주 허가증이 필요합니까?	부분적	부분적	§26500	모든 총기 판매는 딜러를 통해 완료되어야 합니다.총기 구입자는 현역 군인, 명예롭게 은퇴한 군인 또는 형법 830조에 의거한 평화 장교가 아닌 한 총기 안전 증명서와 거주 증명서가 필요합니다.총기류를 구입하려면 예비군들이 거주증명서를 제시해야 한다.총기안전증명서는 현지 경찰에 신청해 승인을 기다려야 하는 FOID나 FID카드 시스템과는 달리 당일 DOJ 교관이 있는 총기판매업소에서 구입해 작성할 수 있다.총기를 ^[10]구매하려면 21달러가 되어야 합니다.
총기 등록?	네.	네.	§28150	캘리포니아 법무부("DOJ")는 모든 주 내 총기 판매 및 양도의 구매자와 판매자에 대한 정보를 보유하고 있으며, 주 내에 수입되는 모든 총기는 ^[11]DOJ에 보고해야 합니다.또한 법무장관은 §11106에 ^[12]따라 양수인의 지문과 식별정보, 주 내에서 양도된 모든 화기의 고유 식별정보를 포함하는 등록부를 유지해야 한다.모든 권총의 일련번호와 판매량은 법무부의 자동 총기 시스템에 많은 장총과 함께 국가에 의해 기록된다.캘리포니아 주민들이 1991년 이전에 소유한 권총을 법 집행 기관에 등록해야 하는 요건은 없지만, §12025와 §12031은 이 권총이 법무부의 자동 총기 시스템에 보관되어 있지 않을 경우 중범죄에 대한 몇 가지 경범죄를 강화한다.신규 거주자는 60일 이내에 DOJ에 권총을 등록해야 합니다(캘리포니아 이외 지역에서 구입).2014년^[update] 1월 1일 현재, 종래에는 판매만 기록되었던 롱건 일련 번호도 기록되어 있습니다.그러나 2014년 이전에 구입한 장총의 소지자는 총기 등록을 할 필요가 없으며 미등록 총기를 소지하는 것은 죄가 되지 않는다.
소유자 라이선스가 필요합니까?	아니요.	아니요.	없음.	총기류 신규 구매에는 화기류 안전증명서가 필요하지만 총기류 보유에는 면허나 ^[13]허가가 필요하지 않습니다.캘리포니아로 이주하는 사람들은 60일 이내에 총기 소유에 ^[14]^[15]대한 새 주민 보고서를 제출해야 합니다.신규 거주자는 거주자의 이전 ^[16]거주 주에서 합법적으로 취득하고 소지했는지 여부에 관계없이 캘리포니아 법에 의해 금지된 공격용 무기 또는 기타 무기를 수입하는 것이 금지됩니다.대용량 잡지의 수입 금지는 위헌^[17] 결정이 났지만 ^[18]항소심 동안 판결은 보류되었다.
폭행 무기법?	네.	네.	30500엔 , 30515엔	1989년 6월 1일 이전에 소유자가 공격용 무기 및 .50 BMG 소총을 소유, 수입 또는 구입하는 것은 불법입니다.캘리포니아의 공격 무기법은 위험 무기 허가증을 소지한 개인에게 정의된 공격 무기를 획득, 운반 또는 소유할 수 있도록 허용하고 있지만, DOJ는 일반적으로 일반 시민에게 위험 무기 허가증을 발급하지 않습니다.DOJ가 제조 및 모델별로 열거한 합법적으로 정의된 공격용 무기와 .50 BMG 소총은 등록해야 한다.판매 및 양도는 금지되어 있습니다..50 BMG를 구입하지 않고 DOJ 명부에 없는 군용 유사 소총은 합법적으로 구입하거나 소지할 수 있으며, "금지된 기능"으로 알려진 구성에 몇 가지 제한이 있습니다.캘리포니아에서 근무 중인 현역 군인은 주 밖에 거주하며 개인 소유의 공격용 무기를 주 내에 반입할 수 있습니다.군은 회원의 거주지고 공격용 무기를 보유하다 자신의 것과 민간인들을 허가해 상태에 그 총기는 CaliforniaDepartment법무부에 앞서 캘리포니아의 servicemember의 도착하기 위해 회원의 영구 변경의 역(PCS)주문의 사본을 등록 양식을 제출하여 등록되어야 합니다.S와 설치를 사령관에서 승인을 쓴 편지다. 2016년 6월 상원 법안 880과 의회 법안 1135가 통과됨에 따라, 주정부의 공격 무기 금지는 "총알 단추"가 탈부착 가능한 탄창이 있는 모든 반자동 중앙 사격 소총과 산탄총으로 확대되었다; 사실상 "총알 단추" 탄창을 새로 제조된 모든 무기로 만들도록 한 이전 법을 폐지했다.분리 가능한 잡지2017년 1월 1일부터 이러한 무기의 판매 또는 양도가 금지된다.2017년 1월 1일 이전에 구입한 제품은 2018년 초까지 DOJ에 등록해야 합니다.금지된 무기의 종류가 확대되었으므로 정확한 정의는 캘리포니아 DOJ ^[19]웹사이트에서 검토되어야 한다.
잡지 용량 제한	네.	네.	§32310	형법 제32310조에는 제조 또는 제조, 수입, 판매를 위해 보관, 판매 또는 공개, 부품 키트로부터 대용량 잡지를 제공, 대여, 구입, 수령 또는 조립하는 자는 1년 이하의 징역 또는 금고형에 처한다고 명시되어 있다.ent. 따라서 열거된 범죄는 검사 ^[20]재량에 따라 중죄 또는 경범죄로 기소될 수 있다.대용량이란 10라운드 이상을 수용할 수 있는 것으로 정의됩니다.2016년 11월 캘리포니아 유권자들은 발의안 63을 승인했다.주민투표는 이러한 잡지의 소지를 금지하고, 모든 탄약 판매에 대한 신원조회를 요구하며, 분실 또는 도난당한 ^[21]총기의 신고를 의무화한다.발의안 제63호에 따르면, 단지 대용량 잡지를 소지하는 것은 벌금 100달러 또는 벌금 100달러의 경범죄로 처벌될 수 있다.이 금지는 2000년 1월 1일 이전에 취득한 잡지에 적용됩니다.이 잡지는 이전에는 '대부'^[22]로 간주되었습니다.부품 키트에서 대용량 매거진의 수입, 제조, 대여, 조립, 대용량 매거진의 구입은 중죄 또는 ^[23]경범죄로 간주됩니다. 2017년 6월 29일, 연방법원은 발의안 63의 대용량 잡지 소유 금지 시행을 금지하고, 금지와 관련된 소송 결과가 나올 때까지 금지시켰다.발의안 63의 금지조치가 적용되었을 잡지는 금지조치가 해제되거나 ^[24]^[25]법원에서 금지조치가 확정될 때까지 개인이 보유하는 것이 합법적이다.2019년 3월 29일 지방법원에 의해 제조, 수입, 판매 등의 ^[17]^[26]금지뿐만 아니라 보유 금지 등 대용량 잡지법 전체가 영구적으로 금지되었다.법무장관의 체류요구에 따라 베니테스 판사는 법정 등록 사이에 이루어진 모든 구매를 포함한 이전에 합법적이었던 대용량 잡지의 소유 금지에 대한 집행 금지 명령을 유지하면서 대용량 잡지의 제조, 수입 및 판매 금지를 시행하도록 허용했다.가처분 신청은 2019년 3월 29일 및 2019년 ^[27]4월 5일 오후 5시 2020년 8월 14일, 제9 순회 법원은 고용량 잡지 금지를 위헌으로 판결했다.AP통신에 ^[28]따르면 총기 소유자들은 하급법원 판사가 발행한 집행유예가 그대로 유지되기 때문에 당장 대용량 잡지를 구입할 수 없다.그러나 이 결정은 2021년 2월 25일 순회법원에 의해 재심될 ^[29]때까지 기각되었다.
은닉 캐리에는 면허가 필요합니까?	없음	네.	26150엔	뉴욕주 라이플 앤 권총 협회 대 브루엔 사건에서 대법원의 결정에 비추어 법무장관의 지령에 따라 "발령해야 한다"CCW는 주 전체에서 유효합니다.캘리포니아에서는 다른 주에서는 허가할 수 없습니다.
오픈캐리 허용?	부분적	부분적	§26350	총기 방출이 지역 조례로 금지되지 않은 비법인 농촌 지역에서는 장총과 권총을 공공연히 소지할 수 있다.주민 수가 200,000명 미만인 카운티에서는 "장전되어 노출"된 권총을 소지하는 허가증을 카운티 보안관이 발급 카운티에서만 발급할 수 있습니다.또한 "사람 또는 사람의 재산이 즉각적이고 심각한 위험에 처해 있으며 그 사람이나 ^[30]재산의 보존을 위해 무기 휴대가 필요하다고 합리적으로 판단하는 경우"에도 오픈 캐리(Open Carry)를 할 수 있다.
차량 운반?	아니요.	네.	§25610	자동차에 은닉 권총을 소지하려면 유효한 캘리포니아 은닉 무기 면허증이 필요합니다.그렇지 않으면, 권총과 공격용 무기는 운반 중에 짐을 내려서 케이스에 잠궈야 합니다.공격용 무기로 분류되지 않은 긴 총은 케이스에 잠기지 않고 차량으로 운반할 수 있지만, 반드시 적재해야 한다.
국지적 제한의 선점?	네.	네.	§ 53701 정부 코드	모든 로컬 제한이 선행된 것은 아니지만 대부분입니다.
성교리법?	네.	네.		캘리포니아는 자신의 집에 있든 없든 결코 물러설 의무가 없다.국가는 침입자가 자신의 집이나 자신의 소유와 통제를 받는 재산에 치명적인 위협을 가한다는 법적 가정을 인정한다.
NFA 무기 제한?	네.	네.	§20, 120120, 12012020	DOJ "위험 무기 허가" 없이 자동 무기 또는 단발 산탄총 또는 소총을 소지할 수 없으며, 영화 산업 이외에서는 거의 허가되지 않습니다.억제기(일명 소음기)는 금지되어 있습니다.골동품 및 유물로 지정되지 않는 한 파괴장치는 금지되며, 이 경우 수집가의 허가를 받을 수 있다.허용되는 유일한 AAW는 스무스보어 권총과 스무스보어와 라이플 총신을 조합한 총기이다.C&R 단발 소총과 C&R 단발 산탄총이 허용된다.
평화여행법?	아니요.	아니요.		캘리포니아 법원은 분해된 대용량 잡지(LCM)나 LCM 부품을 소유할 수 있다는 판결을 내렸다.그렇지 않으면 연방 규칙이 준수됩니다.
대기 기간?	네.	네.	§ 26815 (a) [2], § 26950-27140 [3], § 27540 (a) [4], 27 27600 - 27750 [ 5 ]	캘리포니아는 모든 총기 구매, 이전 및 민간 판매에 대해 연방 및 주 총기 면허 소지자를 통해 수행해야 하는 10일의 대기 기간이 있습니다.즉, 구매자는 구매 후 10일 후에 총기 소유자에게 총기를 인도해야 합니다. 2014년 8월 25일, 캘리포니아의 총기 구매 대기 기간 10일은 미국 동부지방법원에 의해 위헌 결정이 내려졌다. 미국 지방법원은 "10일간의 대기 기간은 특정 분류 구성원에 적용되는 형법 [26815(a) 및 27540(a)]에 위배된다"고 판결했다.은닉된 운반 허가증 보유자) 및 "원고의 수정헌법 제2조의 권리를 부담한다".^[31]2016년 12월 14일, 이 판결은 미국 제9 순회 ^[32]항소법원의 3명의 판사에 의해 뒤집혔다.원고의 전원재판부 재심 청원은 2017년 4월 4일 기각되었고, 2018년 2월 20일 대법원 증명서 청원은 기각되었으며,^[33] 이는 대기 기간이 유효하다는 것을 의미합니다.
개인 판매에는 신원조회가 필요합니까?	네.	네.	§ 27545	개인 당사자의 총기 양도는 허가된 딜러를 통해 이루어져야 하며, 딜러는 연방법에 의해 신원조회를 수행하고 판매 기록을 보관해야 합니다.
레드 플래그법?	네.	네.		경찰이나 그 사람의 가족은 자신이나 타인에게 위협이 될 것으로 보이는 사람의 총기 압수를 판사에게 ^[34]1년까지 요청할 수 있다.타주로부터의 이러한 주문도 인정된다.2020년 9월 1일자로 신청대상이 사업주, 직장동료, 학교 교직원 등으로 확대되며, 최대 허용기간은 ^[35]5년으로 연장된다.
탄약을 구입하려면 신원조회가 필요합니까?	네.	네.	PC 30312, 30314, 30342, 30370	2018년 1월 1일 이후 모든 탄약은 반드시 공인된 탄약 판매상을 통해 구입해야 하며, PC 30314(b)에 따른 면제 요건을 충족하지 않는 한 누구도 외부로부터 탄약을 수입할 수 없다.이 조항은 모든 거래가 캘리포니아에 물리적으로 위치한 상점을 통해 이루어지도록 함으로써 온라인 및 통신 판매의 판매를 사실상 금지했다.본 조를 위반하여 탄약을 수입하는 것은 초범에 대한 위반이며, 후속 ^[36]범죄에 대한 경범죄 또는 위반이다.2019년 7월 1일 이후 모든 탄약 구매는 캘리포니아 DOJ로부터 "탄약 구매 승인"을 받아야 한다.이 섹션은 탄약 구매자가 신원조회를 ^[37]받고 구매 시점에 제시된 정보와 일치하는 캘리포니아 DOJ 자동 총기 시스템에 등록해야 한다.무기 구매 허가를 받지 않고 탄약을 판매하거나 인도하는 것은 ^[38]경범죄에 해당한다.
집에서 만든 총기 규제?	네.	네.	PC 29180	2018년 7월 1일 이후 총기 제조를 원하는 사람은 우선 캘리포니아 DOJ에 일련번호를 신청해야 하며, 발급된 일련번호를 10일 이내에 총기에 적용해야 합니다.총기 제조 재료에 따라 일련 번호를 새기거나 새기는 방법에 대한 구체적인 요구사항이 제시되어 있습니다.이 조항을 위반하면 자가제 권총에 대해서는 카운티 교도소에서 1년, 기타 자가제 ^[39]총기에 대해서는 카운티 교도소에서 6개월까지 처벌할 수 있는 경범죄입니다.

콜로라도

대상/법률	롱건	권총	관계 법령	메모들
구매하려면 주 허가증이 필요합니까?	아니요.	아니요.
총기 등록?	아니요.	아니요.
폭행 무기법?	아니요*	아니요*	DRMC © 38-130	공격용 무기의 판매나 소지를 금지하는 주법은 없지만, 2021년 콜로라도 주의 총기 우선 판매법이 폐지됨에 따라 공격용 무기에 대한 지역 제한이나 금지가 존재할 수 있습니다.덴버 조례에서는 공격용 무기를 금지하고 있다.베일은 ^[40]1994년에 공격용 무기를 금지했다.볼더는 2018년 ^[41]5월에 이러한 조례를 통과시켰다.
매거진 용량 제한	네.	네.	CRS © 18-12-302, 18-12-303	2013년 7월 1일 이후 15회 이상 발행되는 잡지는 2013년 7월 1일 이전에 합법적으로 소유되지 않는 한 판매, 양도 또는 소유할 수 없습니다..22 림파이어로 모따기를 하거나 레버 동작으로 작동하는 관형 탄창이 있는 총기는 이 규정에서 면제되며, 탄창은 15개 이하로 용량을 제한하기 위해 "영구적으로 개조"된다.볼더는 2018년 5월 10발 이상 탄창(권총은 15발)^[41]^[42]을 소지하는 것을 금지하는 조례를 통과시켰다.베일은 1994년에 ^[43]21회 이상 잡지 발행을 금지했다. 2020년 6월 29일 콜로라도 대법원은 잡지 ^[44]제한의 합헌성을 확정했다.
소유자 라이선스가 필요합니까?	아니요.	아니요.
은닉 운반에는 허가서가 필요합니까?	없음	네.	CRS © 18-12-203	콜로라도는 은닉 캐리어의 발행 주이다.허가증은 지역 보안관 사무소에서 카운티 주민들에게 발급합니다.
오픈 캐리에는 허가서가 필요합니까?	아니요.	아니요.	CRS 18 18 ~12; DRMC © 38-117 (b), 38-118	덴버 및 기타 게시 지역을 제외하고 허가 요건 없이 합법입니다.
차량 안에 숨겨져 있나요?	네.	네.	CRS © 18-12-105 (2b), 33-6-125; DRMC © 38-117 (f), 38-118, 14-92	허가는 필요 없습니다.권총은 탄창과 탄창이 장전된 상태에서 휴대할 수 있다.소총과 산탄총은 소유자가 유효한 사냥 허가증을 소지하고 있고 사냥철이 진행 중인 경우 빈 방으로 휴대해야 합니다.그 사냥철에는 잡지의 회람이 허용된다.차량에 장전된 흉기와 스포트라이트는 불법적으로 게임을 하려고 했다는 명백한 증거이다.야생동물 관리들은 모든 법 집행 권한을 가지고 있다.
국지적 제한의 프리엠프션?	부분적인	부분적인	CRS © 29-11.7-103	현지 법령은 주법에 의해 선결되지 않으며 덴버는 공격용 무기와 오픈캐리를 금지하고 있다.
NFA 무기 제한?	아니요.	아니요.	CRS © 18-12-102	NFA 품목은 "위험 무기"로 정의된다.제5관 "위험한 무기를 소지한 혐의에 대한 적극적 항변으로 한다.그 사람이 그러한 무기를 소지할 수 있는 유효한 허가와 면허를 가지고 있다.
평화여행법?	네.	네.	CRS © 18-12-105.6, DRMC © 38-117(f), 38-118	차량 내 총기 운송/소지에 대한 덴버의 제한은 다른 관할구역으로 이동하거나 다른 관할구역에서 이동하는 사람에게는 적용되지 않습니다. "Trinen v. City & County of Denver, 53 P.3d 754" 참조
캐슬 독트린?	네.	네.	CRS © 18-1-704.5	부동산의 합법적 거주자는 무장 또는 비무장 침입자로부터 자신, 다른 거주자 및 재산을 보호하기 위해 치명적인 무력을 사용할 권리가 있습니다.
기본 법칙을 지키시겠습니까?	아니요.	아니요.
개인 판매에는 신원조회가 필요합니까?	네.	네.	CRS © 18-12-112	개인 당사자가 총기류를 양도하는 경우, 판매자는 허가된 딜러에게 구매자의 뒷조사를 수행하도록 요청해야 하며 콜로라도 수사국으로부터 양도 승인을 받아야 합니다.골동품 총기의 양도, 직계 가족으로부터의 성실한 선물이나 대출, 부동산 관리인이나 수탁인에게의 양도 등은 면제된다.임시 이체는 엄격히 규제됩니다.
레드 플래그법?	네.	네.	HB 19-1177	경찰은 자신이나 타인에게 위해를 가하겠다고 협박하거나 같은 주소지에 거주하는 사람에 의해 고발된 사람에게서 일시적으로 총기류를 압수하고 그 후 법원의 명령을 받을 수 있다.

코네티컷.

대상/법률	롱건	권총	관계 법령	메모들
구매하려면 주 허가증이 필요합니까?	네.	네.	CGS 29-33(b), CGS 29~36(f), CGS 29-38m(c)	권총 및 리볼버, 장총 또는 탄약을 구입하기 위해 필요한 탄약 또는 권총 및 리볼버 소지 자격 증명서 또는 상기의 어느쪽인가를 구입하기 위한 주 허가서.신청자는 반드시 공인된 안전과정을 이수해야 하며, 자격증 발급 전 국가순간범죄경력조회시스템(NICS)과 정신건강기록조회를 통과해야 한다.자격증명서는 5월 발행으로 자격증 신청자에게 부여되며, 유효기간은 5년입니다.공공법 13-3이 통과됨에 따라 사냥 면허증(NRA 기본 권총 코스가 8시간 걸리는 데 비해 완료하는 데 약 12시간이 소요됨)은 탄약이나 긴 소총을 구입하는 데 더 이상 사용될 수 없습니다.코네티컷주 밖에서 구입한 장총과 탄약은 유효한 사냥면허나 휴대허가가 없는 한, 2주간의 대기기간을 제외하고 장기총과 탄약 자격요건의 적용을 받지 않는다.
총기 등록?	부분적	부분적	CGS 53–202	1994년 9월 13일부터 2014년 4월 1일까지 구입한 공격용 무기 및 2014년 1월 1일 이전에 획득한 기관총에 대한 등록이 필요합니다. 긴급서비스 및 공공보호부(DESPP)가 관리하는 주(州)에서 구입한 권총 및 롱건의 판매(시리얼 번호 포함)에 관한 사실상의 등록부가 있습니다.딜러 또는 개인 당사자로부터의 전송에는 DESPP에 의해 발행된 승인 번호가 첨부되어야 하며 개인 및 무기 식별(DPS-3-C)이 포함된 양식을 DESPP 및 현지 경찰에 제출해야 합니다.이 양식은 FFL 딜러로부터 구입한 모든 총기에도 수집되어 유지됩니다.DPS-3-C 양식은 주 밖에서 장기 총기를 양도하는 경우 필요하지 않으며, 주 밖에서 구입했거나 2014년 4월 1일 이전에 합법적으로 획득한 총기를 등록할 법적 요건/벌금이 없습니다.
"공격 무기" 법?	네.	네.	CGS 53–202	부분 금지.선택형 소화기, 일부 .50 BMG 변형 및 하나의 정의된 특징이 있는 반자동 중앙화기; 이 날짜 이전에 합법적으로 소지된 금지 무기들은 DESPP에 등록되어야 한다.등록된 무기는 원래 소유자/등록자가 사망한 경우에만 허가된 총기 판매상, 주 경찰 또는 지방 경찰서에 판매 또는 양도할 수 있습니다.1994년 9월 13일 이전에 제조 및 합법적으로 취득한 공격용 무기는 더 이상 DESPP에 등록할 필요가 없으며, 금지되지 않은 ^[45]사람에게 판매 또는 양도할 수 있습니다.현역 및 퇴직 법 집행 기관 및 군 구성원에 대한 예외는 존재합니다.
잡지 용량 제한	네.	네.	53와트	2013년 4월 4일 현재 10회 이상 발행되는 매거진은 Large Capacity Magazine(LCM; 대용량 매거진)으로 간주되며, 그 이후에 제조된 매거진은 주 내에서 판매 또는 양도할 수 없습니다.LCM의 기존 소유자는 2014년 1월 1일 이전에 DESPP에 신고하고 등록할 경우 이러한 매거진을 소유할 수 있다. 등록된 LCM의 소유자는 소유자의 집 내부 또는 허가된 사격장 부지 내에 있는 경우를 제외하고 10라운드 이상의 매거진을 장착할 수 없다.개인이 권총이나 리볼버 소지 허가를 받았더라도 사격장 이외에는 LCM에 10발 이상의 총알이 장전된 권총을 소지할 수 없다.금지 시행일 전에 취득한 미등록 대용량 매거진을 소지하는 것은 첫 번째 범죄에 대해서는 90달러의 벌금과 다음 범죄에 대해서는 D급 중죄(5년 이하의 징역 및/또는 5,000달러의 벌금)를 부과하는 위반입니다.금지 시행일 이후에 취득한 LCM을 불법적으로 소지하는 것은 D급 중죄에 해당한다.
소유자 라이선스가 필요합니까?	네.	네.	CGS 23-37a(b)	장총, 권총, 탄약을 소지하려면 자격 증명서가 필요합니다.
은닉 운반에는 허가서가 필요합니까?	없음	네.	CGS 29 ~28	제한된 재량으로 발행합니다.코네티컷의 권총 허가법은 발행 당국이 자격을 갖춘 신청자에게 권총을 발급할 수 있도록 규정하고 있지만, 주 법원은 일반적으로 권총 허가 자격을 갖춘 신청자에게 권총을 발급해야 한다고 판결했다. 왜냐하면 코네티컷은 신청자에게 "합당한 명분을 보여줄 것"을 요구하지 않기 때문이다.허가증이 필요해서요신청자가 신원조회에 반영되지 않는 인격을 개인적으로 알고 있는 경우, 지방당국의 발급은 허가증을 거부할 수 있는 제한된 재량권을 갖는다.이를 근거로 부정하는 것은 신청자가 권총 허가를 받을 수 있는 "적절한" 성격이 아니라는 것을 보여주는 증거로 정당화되어야 하지만, 신청자가 다른 방법으로 총기를 소유하는 것이 금지되지 않는다면 사실상 모든 사건은 기각된다. 코네티컷주에는 2단계로 이루어진 허가 프로세스가 있습니다.즉, 지방 당국이 발행한60일간의 임시 허가와 긴급 서비스 및 공공 보호부(DESPP)가 발행한5년간의 정기 허가입니다.임시허가의 발급은 통상허가를 신청하기 위한 기술적으로 전제조건은 아니지만, 실제로 신청인은 DESPP에 통상허가를 신청하기 전에 지방당국의 결정을 기다려야 한다.어떤 이유로든 로컬 허가가 거부되었을 경우, 대신 DESPP에 대해 주정부 위원회에 신청을 재심사하도록 요청해야 합니다.주 위원회가 허가를 거부할 경우(희귀한 경우), 법원에 상고할 수 있습니다.개봉하거나 숨기려면 허가증이 필요합니다.평화 장교 및 현역 군인은 예외입니다.코네티컷 주 외 출입증은 유효하지 않지만 비거주자는 우편으로 코네티컷 비거주자 운송 허가증을 신청할 수 있습니다.비거주자는 신청하려면 미국 관할구역에서 발급한 휴대 허가증이 있어야 합니다.
오픈 캐리에는 허가서가 필요합니까?	아니요.	네.		코네티컷은 오픈캐리 주(Licensed open carry 州。코네티컷 주법에서는 권총 또는 리볼버 휴대 허가를 통해 주법에서 "출입 금지"로 간주되지 않는 모든 장소에서 공공연하게 또는 은폐된 권총을 소지할 수 있습니다.그럼에도 불구하고 현지 법 집행 기관은 운송업자를 구금하는 것으로 알려져^{[citation needed]} 있다.그러나 최근 들어 미결수송으로 인해 실제 체포는 거의 없었고 유죄판결도 없었다.주법은 허가 유무에 관계없이 공공장소에서의 장포의 공개 휴대에 대해 침묵하고 있다.단, 일부 자치단체는 이 관행을 제한하거나 금지하는 조례를 제정했다.여러 마을과 주 경찰은 오픈캐리는 합법이며 다른 ^[46]이유 없이 공공연하게 들고 다니는 사람들을 괴롭히지 않는다는 훈련 메모를 통해 명확히 밝혔다.
차량 휴대가 허용됩니까?	아니요.	네.		차량에 장전된 무기를 소지하려면 유효한 코네티컷 권총 허가가 필요합니다.그렇지 않은 경우,^[47] 무기를 적재하고 화기와 탄약을 운반하는 동안 잠긴 컨테이너에 보관해야 합니다. 2019년 10월 1일 현재, 무인 차량에 방치된 권총은 트렁크, 잠금식 금고 또는 잠금식 글로브 ^[48]박스에 보관해야 한다.
알릴 의무?	아니요.	아니요.		코네티컷은 주 정부에 알릴 의무가 없다.권총이나 리볼버를 소지하고 계신 분은 허가증을 지참하셔야 합니다.
캐슬 독트린?	네.	네.	sec_53a-20	구내를 소유 또는 관리하고 있는 자 또는 그러한 구내에 또는 그 구내에 있는 것을 허가 또는 특권을 가진 자는 범죄의 침해 또는 미수에 대하여 범죄의 예방 또는 종료에 필요하다고 합리적으로 판단하는 경우에 타인에게 합리적인 물리력을 사용하는 것이 정당하다.그러한 장소에 있거나 그러한 장소에 있는 타인.다만, (1) 제53a-19조에 규정되어 있는 자를 방어하기 위해서만, (2) 침해자의 방화 또는 폭력범죄를 저지르려는 시도를 방지하기 위해 필요하다고 합리적으로 판단하는 경우, 또는 (3) 그가 합리적으로 b에 해당하는 범위 내에서 치명적인 물리력을 사용할 수 있다.제53a-100조 또는 작업장소에 정의되어 있는 불법 침입을 강제적으로 방지 또는 종료하기 위해 필요한 요정 및 그러한 예방 또는 종료를 위한 유일한 목적
국지적 제한의 선점?	부분적	네.	CGS 29 ~28	주법에 명시적으로 명시되어 있지 않지만 법원의 우선 순위에 의해 확립된 지방 조례의 주 사전 수용.대부분의 자치단체는 사냥철에 사격장이나 지정된 사냥장 밖에서의 총기 배출을 제한하거나 금지하는 조례를 가지고 있다.일부 자치단체는 공공장소에서 긴 총을 소지하는 것을 제한하거나 금지하고 있다.뉴런던시와 뉴브리튼시는 이전에 두 도시 모두에서 폐지된 은닉된 권총을 소지하는 것을 금지하는 조례를 가지고 있었다.일부 지방은 경계 내에서 총기 가게 및/또는 사격장을 제한하거나 금지하는 구역 설정 조례를 가지고 있다.
NFA 무기 제한?	아니요.	아니요.	CGS 53–202(c)	SBR, SBS, DD, 억제기는 1993년 10월 1일 이전에 구입하지 않는 한 공격용 무기 조항을 준수할 경우 합법입니다.기관총은 2014년 1월 1일 이전에 구입하여 주에 등록된 경우 합법입니다.비선택적 소방 기관총은 코네티컷 주 내의 다른 거주자에게 양도될 수 있습니다.
평화여행법?	아니요.	아니요.	CGS 29–38(d)	연방 규칙을 준수합니다.
개인 판매에는 신원조회가 필요합니까?	네.	네.	CGS 29-36l	개인 당사자의 총기 이전을 위해서는 긴급 서비스 및 공공 보호부 - 특수 라이센스 및 총기 유닛에서 구매자의 NIC 배경 조사를 수행해야 합니다.판매자는 DESPP-SLFU에 전화를 ^[49]^[50]걸어 이를 달성할 수 있습니다.
레드 플래그법?	네.	네.		주법에 따르면 경찰은 타당한 원인을 조사하고 결정한 후 법원 영장을 발부받아 "자신이나 다른 사람을 해칠 위험이 임박했다"고 누구로부터든 총을 압수할 수 있다.

델라웨어

대상/법률	롱건	권총	관계 법령	메모들
구매하려면 주 허가증이 필요합니까?	아니요.	아니요.
총기 등록?	아니요.	아니요.
폭행 무기법?	아니요.	아니요.
잡지 용량 제한	아니요.	아니요.
소유자 라이선스가 필요합니까?	아니요.	아니요.
은닉 운반에는 허가서가 필요합니까?	없음	네.	11 Del.C. § 1441	델라웨어는 은폐된 휴대품에 대해 "발행 가능"한 주이지만 역사적으로나 뉴욕주 총기 및 권총협회 대 브루엔의 대법원 판결에 비추어 볼 때 실제로 발행되어야 한다.허가증은 일반적으로 ^[51]총기를 소지하는 것을 금지하지 않는 모든 신청자에게 발급된다.
오픈 캐리에는 허가서가 필요합니까?	아니요.	아니요.		허가 없이 오픈 캐리하는 일반적으로 합법적입니다.2014년 델라웨어 대법원의 판결은 오픈캐리가 장기간에 걸친 기본권이며 1985년 7월 4일 이전에 시행된 지역 법령에 의해서만 금지될 수 있음을 인정했습니다.도버시는 이전까지 주정부 비밀 휴대 허가증을 경찰서장에게 요구했으나 판결에 따라 2015년 10월 폐지됐다.
국지적 제한의 선점?	네*	네*	22 Del.C © 111	자치단체는 1985년 7월 4일 이전에 조례가 시행되지 않는 한 경찰서 및 시 청사 내에서의 총기 방출 및 소지만을 규제할 수 있다.
NFA 무기 제한?	네.	네.		SBR 및 AOW는 합법입니다.윌밍턴 시는 시 경계 내에서 SBR의 보유를 금지하고 있습니다.기관총, 억제기, 파괴 장치, SBS는 ^[52]민간인에 대해 금지되어 있다.
평화여행법?	아니요.	아니요.		연방 규칙을 준수합니다.
개인 판매에는 신원조회가 필요합니까?	네.	네.	제147차 총회:제20장	가족 이외의 개인에게 총기를 양도하는 것은 허가된 딜러를 통해 이루어져야 하며, 딜러는 연방법에 의해 신원조회를 수행하고 판매 기록을 보관해야 합니다.은닉 흉기를 소지할 수 있는 유효한 면허를 소지한 자에 대한 이전은 이 요건에서 면제됩니다.
레드 플래그법?	네.	네.	하원 법안 302 (2018)	정신건강 전문가가 그 사람이 자신이나 타인에게 위험하다고 판단되면, 경찰은 그 사람의 총기를 일시적으로 압수하라는 법원 명령을 받을 수 있다.

컬럼비아 특별구

대상/법률	롱건	권총	관계 법령	메모들
구매하려면 허가증이 필요합니까?	네.	네.		총기 등록 프로세스는 허용 프로세스로도 기능합니다.
소유자 라이선스가 필요합니까?	네.	네.		총기 등록 프로세스는 라이센스 프로세스로도 사용됩니다.
총기 등록?	네.	네.		특정 흑색 화약 화기를 제외한 모든 화기는 경시청에 등록해야 합니다.배경조사와 온라인 교육이 필요합니다.
은닉 캐리에는 면허가 필요합니까?	없음	네.		경시청은 자격을 갖춘 지원자에게 권총 휴대 면허증을 발급해야 한다.
오픈캐리 허용?	아니요.	아니요.		오픈캐리 금지입니다.
폭행 무기법?	네.	네.		공격용 무기와 .50 BMG 소총 금지.
잡지 용량 제한	네.	네.		10라운드 이상의 매거진을 소지하는 것은 불법입니다.
NFA 무기 제한?	네.	네.		자동소총, 소총, 소총, 소음기는 금지되어 있습니다.
평화여행법?	아니요.	아니요.		연방법(FOPA)이 적용됩니다.
개인 판매에는 신원조회가 필요합니까?	네.	네.	DC 코드 © 7 ~2505.02	개인 당사자의 총기 양도는 허가된 딜러를 통해 수행되어야 하며, 딜러는 연방법에 따라 신원조회를 수행하고 판매 기록을 보관해야 합니다.이는 콜롬비아 특별구 내에서 이루어지는 판매에만 적용됩니다.콜롬비아 특별구 이외의 DC 총기 소유자에 의한 판매는 해당 주의 양도법에만 따라야 합니다.
대기 기간?	네.	네.		총기를 구입한 후 구매자는 총을 손에 넣기 전에 열흘을 기다려야 한다.
레드 플래그법?	네.	네.
알릴 의무?	네.	네.

플로리다

대상/법률	롱 건스	핸드건	관계 법령	메모들
구매하려면 주 허가증이 필요합니까?	아니요.	아니요.
대기 기간?	네.	네.	플래. 컨스턴스.제8조 제5조 (b) 플래, 스타트§ 790.0655	의무 대기 기간은 주말과 법정 공휴일을 제외한 3일이며, 기록 점검이 완료되는 대로 만료됩니다. 각 카운티에서는 최대 5일의 대기 기간이 필요할 수 있습니다. 이 요건은 플로리다 은닉 무기 면허 소지자의 경우 면제됩니다.
총기 등록?	아니요.	아니요.	플래, 스타트§ 790.335
폭행 무기법?	아니요.	아니요.
잡지 용량 제한	아니요.	아니요.
소유자 라이선스가 필요합니까?	아니요.	아니요.
레드 플래그 법?	네.	네.	플래, 스타트§ 790.401	경찰은 자신이나 타인에게 위험하다고 판단되는 총기류를 1년까지 압수할 수 있도록 사법 허가를 받을 수 있다.
은닉 운반에는 허가서가 필요합니까?	없음	네.	플래, 스타트§ 790.01 플래, 스타트§ 790.06	플로리다는 시민들과 21세 이상의 합법적 영주권자들에게 "발행해야 할" 주이다.
오픈 캐리에는 허가서가 필요합니까?	없음	없음	플래, 스타트§ 790.053 플래, 스타트§ 790.25(3)	집, 직장, 사냥, 낚시, 캠핑 등 특정 보호 장소와 활동을 제외하고 총기의 공개 휴대는 일반적으로 금지되어 있습니다.또, 사격 연습중이나, 이러한 활동을 왕래하는 동안에도 금지되어 있습니다.
캐슬 독트린/스탠드 유어 어라운드법?	네.	네.
국지적 제한의 선점?	네.	네.	플래, 스타트§ 790.33
NFA 무기 제한?	네.	네.	플래, 스타트§ 790.161 플래, 스타트§ 790.222	파괴 장치는 금지되어 있습니다.범프 스톡은 금지되어 있습니다.
평화여행법?	아니요.	아니요.
개인 판매에는 신원조회가 필요합니까?	아니요.	아니요.
구매 연령 제한?	네.	네.	플래, 스타트§ 790.065(13)	21세 미만의 개인에 대한 총기 판매 또는 양도는 허가된 수입업자, 허가된 제조업체 또는 허가된 딜러에 의해 이루어지거나 촉진될 수 없습니다.21세 이상에게 모든 장총을 제한하는 법이 ^[53]소송에 부쳐지고 있다. 본 항의 금지는 법 집행관, 교정관 또는 군인에 의한 소총 또는 산탄총 구입에는 적용되지 않는다.

조지아 주

대상/법률	롱 건스	핸드건	관계 법령	메모들
구매하려면 주 허가증이 필요합니까?	아니요.	아니요.
총기 등록?	아니요.	아니요.
폭행 무기법?	아니요.	아니요.
잡지 용량 제한	아니요.	아니요.
소유자 라이선스가 필요합니까?	아니요.	아니요.
은닉 운반에는 허가서가 필요합니까?	없음	아니요.	O.C.G.A.© 16-11-126 O.C.G.A.© 16-11-129	조지아주는 21세 이상의 조지아 주민들에게는 "반드시 문제"이다. 무허가 은닉 캐리어는 거주자와 비거주자 모두에게 2022년 4월 12일부터 시행되었다.
오픈 캐리에는 허가서가 필요합니까?	아니요.	아니요.	O.C.G.A.© 16-11-126 O.C.G.A.© 16-11-129	조지아주는 21세 이상의 조지아 주민들에게는 "반드시 문제"이다. 무허가 오픈캐리는 거주자와 비거주자 모두에게 2022년 4월 12일부터 시행되었다.
캐슬 독트린/스탠드 유어 어라운드법?	네.	네.	O.C.G.A.© 16-3-23.1
국지적 제한의 선점?	네.	네.	O.C.G.A.© 16-11-173
NFA 무기 제한?	아니요.	아니요.	O.C.G.A. © 16-11-120 ~16-11-125
평화여행법?	아니요.	아니요.
개인 판매에는 신원조회가 필요합니까?	아니요.	아니요.

하와이

대상/법률	롱건	권총	관계 법령	메모들
구매하려면 주 허가증이 필요합니까?	네.	네.	§134-2	구매허가를 받으려면 21세 이상이어야 한다.
총기 등록?	네.	네.	HRS 0134-0003	구매 또는 하와이 도착 후 5일 이내에 카운티 경찰서장에게 등록해야 합니다.흑색 화약 및 1899년 이전의 총기에는 등록이 필요하지 않습니다.21세 ^[54]미만일 경우 총기류를 반입할 수 없습니다.
폭행 무기법?	아니요.	네.		법률은 두 개 이상의 금지된 기능을 가진 폭행 권총을 금지하고 있다.총신 길이가 16인치 이상인 소총 또는 샷건에는 적용되지 않습니다.
잡지 용량 제한	아니요.	네.	HRS134-8(c) HRS134-11(3)	권총에 삽입할 수 있는 10발 이상의 탄창은 금지되어 있습니다.조직의 구성원들은 표적 사격 장소에서의 권총 잡지 제한으로부터 면제됩니다.
소유자 라이선스가 필요합니까?	아니요.	아니요.		하와이에서 총기를 소지하는 데 면허가 필요하지는 않지만, 새로운 거주자에 의해 주(州)로 반입된 총기를 포함한 모든 총기는 등록되어야 한다.
은닉 운반에는 허가서가 필요합니까?	없음	네.	HRS 0134-0009	허가는 발급기준으로 부여된다.하와이는 발행 가능한 법률이 있고 역사적으로 거의 승인된 은닉 운반 허가 신청이 없는 반면, 2022년 6월 23일 NYSPRA 대 브루엔의 대법원 판결 이후 이 법은 영구적으로 금지되어 왔다.이 판결은 수정헌법 제2조가 개인이 집 밖에서 권총을 소지할 권리를 보호한다는 것으로 하와이의 잠재적인 은닉 휴대법을 폐지했다.판결에 앞서 각 자치주 경찰청장은 예외적으로 신청인의 인적 재산상 상해의 우려가 있는 사유가 있는 경우 허가증을 교부할 수 있었다.2022년 7월 7일, 주 검찰총장은 공식적으로 ^[55]브루엔의 결정에 비추어 볼 때 라이선스 담당자들이 더 이상 이 조항을 시행할 수 없다는 것을 인정했다.
오픈 캐리에는 허가서가 필요합니까?	네.	네.		법률상 하와이는 Licensed Open Carry State이지만 라이선스가 거의 발급되지 않기 때문에 오픈 캐리 인 프랙티스에 대해서는 Non-Permitive입니다.경찰서장은 생명·재산 보호에 종사하는 자에 한하여 '긴급 또는 필요성이 충분히 지적된 경우'를 허가할 수 있다.실제로 하와이는 발급 당국이 허가 신청을 거의 또는 전혀 승인하지 않기 때문에 "발급 금지"이다. 2018년 7월 24일 제9순회항소법원은 하와이의 오픈캐리 제한법이 ^[56]^[57]위헌이라고 판결했다.그 판결은 2019년 2월 8일에 무효가 되었고, 그 사건은 2020년 9월 24일에 재심판되었다.^[58] 2021년 3월 24일 전원재판소는 하와이의 총기류 개방 제한은 수정헌법 제2조의 역사적 범위를 벗어나며 따라서 총기류 개방 제한법은 합헌이라고 판결했다.^[59] 장총을 소지하는 것을 금지하는 법은 없다.
국지적 제한의 선점?	네.	네.		지방 자치체는 주법과 동일하고 동일한 처벌을 제공하는 경우에만 지방 규정을 제정하고 시행할 수 있습니다.
NFA 무기 제한?	네.	네.		기관총, 소총, 총신이 짧은 산탄총, 소음기/억제기는 일반 시민에게 금지된다.특정 파괴 장치 및 AOW는 ATF로부터 적절한 세금 스탬프와 NFA 서류를 받을 수 있습니다.
평화여행법?	아니요.	아니요.	없음.	연방법을 준수합니다.
개인 판매에는 신원조회가 필요합니까?	네.	네.	HRS 134134-2	권총이나 장총을 구입하려는 사람은 총기 소유권 취득 허가를 받아야 하며, 이는 신청인의 신원조회를 필요로 한다.
레드 플래그법?	네.	네.		하와이는 2019년 ^[60]^[61]6월 말에 적색기 법안을 통과시켰다.
알릴 의무?	네.	네.

아이다호

대상/법률	롱 건스	핸드건	관계 법령	메모들
구매하려면 주 허가증이 필요합니까?	아니요.	아니요.
총기 등록?	아니요.	아니요.
폭행 무기법?	아니요.	아니요.
잡지 용량 제한	아니요.	아니요.
소유자 라이선스가 필요합니까?	아니요.	아니요.
은닉 운반에는 허가서가 필요합니까?	없음	아니요.	I.C. © 18-3302 I.C. © 18-3302K	아이다호는 18세 이상의 시민과 합법적 영주권자들에게 "발행해야 할" 주이다.일반 허가 및 확장 허가가 발급됩니다. 무허가 캐리(무허가 캐리)는 2016년 7월 1일부터 시행되었다.
오픈 캐리에는 허가서가 필요합니까?	아니요.	아니요.	I.C. © 18-3302	허가 없이 공개적으로 운반할 수 있습니다.
캐슬 독트린/스탠드 유어 어라운드법?	네.	네.	I.C. © 19-202a
국지적 제한의 선점?	네.	네.	I.C. © 18-3302J
NFA 무기 제한?	아니요.	아니요.
평화여행법?	아니요.	아니요.
개인 판매에는 신원조회가 필요합니까?	아니요.	아니요.

일리노이 주

대상/법률	롱건	권총	관계 법령	메모들
구매하려면 주 허가증이 필요합니까?	네.	네.	430 ILCS 65	FOID(화기 소유자 식별 카드)가 필요합니다.
소유자 허가가 필요합니까?	네.	네.	430 ILCS 65	FOID가 필요합니다.
총기 등록?	아니요.	아니요.
은닉 캐리에는 면허가 필요합니까?	없음	네.	공법 098-0063:총기 은닉 휴대법	Shall-issue 제한적 재량권.[62]Concealed가 소지한 수출 허가증이 주 경찰에서 발행한다.Licenses 다른 주들에 의해 발행되지만"상당히 비슷한"면허 요구 사항을 가진 상태에서 자국민의 일리노이의 한 거주하지 않는 면허를 신청할 수 있게 인정되지 않는다.
오픈캐리 허용?	아니요.	아니요.	720국제군 수 통신 시스템 5/24
차량 운반할 수 있나요?	아니요.	네.	공공 법 098-0063:화기 Concealed 캐리 법	한 일리노이 주의 은폐가 소지한 면허 일리노이 주 주민들에 필요합니다.그들이 집 상태에서 쓰고 다닐 수 있Non-residents 차량에서 쓰고 다닐 수 있다.
국지적 제한의 선점?	부분적	부분적	공공 법 098-0063:화기 Concealed 캐리 법	권총과handgun 탄약의 규제 그리고 수송을 위해 선점.법 공격용 무기 규제하기 위한 선점하지 않는 한 7월 20일 2013년 전에 제정하였다.
폭행 무기법?	아니요.	아니요.	쿡.코드 오드는. §54-211 치. 먼 이다 코드 §8-20-170	쿡 카운티와 시카고 시는 2013년 7월 20일 이전까지 시카고 교외 여러 곳에서 공격용 무기로 정의한 총기 소지를 별도로 금지했다.
잡지 용량 제한	아니요.	아니요.		주 차원의 제한은 없습니다.일부 지방 관할 구역은 다양한 잡지 용량 제한을 제정했습니다.
NFA 무기 제한?	네.	네.	720국제군 수 통신 시스템 5/24 720 ILCS 5/24-2	자동총기, 단발 산탄총, 억제기의 반입이 금지됩니다.짧은 소총은 골동품 및 유물 면허 소지자나 진정한 군대 재현단 회원에게만 허용된다.AOW(Any Other Weapon) 및 대형 DD(Destructive Device)는 ATF로부터 적절한 승인과 세금 스탬프를 받을 수 있습니다.
성의 교리/근거법을 고수하라?	부분적	부분적	720 ILCS 5	일리노이주에는 근거법이 없지만 후퇴할 의무도 없다.무력의 사용은 "임박한 죽음이나 다른 사람에게 큰 신체적 위해, 또는 강제적인 중죄의 실행을 방지하기 위해" 필요하다고 합리적으로 믿을 때 정당화된다.주거지에 불법 침입하는 것을 막기 위한 추가적인 보호책이 있다.
평화여행법?	부분적	네.	공법 098-0063:총기 은닉 휴대법	일리노이주는 권총과 권총 탄약 수송에 대한 주정부의 선점을 가지고 있다.일리노이주 이외의 거주자는 자신의 주 법률에 따라 공공장소에서 총을 소지할 자격이 있는 경우 차량 내에 은닉된 총기를 합법적으로 소지할 수 있는 제한적인 예외가 허용됩니다.자신의 주에서 총기 소지가 허용된 비거주자는 FOID 카드를 소지할 필요가 없습니다.일부 지역에서는 공격용 무기 소지를 금지했다.
개인 판매에는 신원조회가 필요합니까?	네.	네.	430 ILCS 65	판매자는 구매자의 FOID 카드를 일리노이 주 경찰에 확인해야 하며, 판매 기록을 최소 10년간 보관해야 합니다.2024년 1월 1일부터 총기의 민간 판매는 연방 총기 면허(FFL)를 가진 총기 판매상을 통해 이루어져야 한다.
레드 플래그법?	네.	네.	공법 100-0607:총기류 금지법 430 ILCS 65	가족이나 경찰은 판사에게 자신이나 타인에게 즉각적이고 현재 위험이 있다고 판단되는 사람의 총기 몰수 명령을 내려달라고 청원할 수 있다.법원이 영업정지를 갱신할 근거를 찾지 않는 한 6개월 이내에 총기를 반납해야 한다. 법 집행관, 학교 관리자, 의사 및 정신 건강 전문가는 신체적 폭력의 심각한 위협을 전달하거나 위협적인 신체적 또는 언어적 행동을 보이는 사람의 FOID를 취소하는 명확하고 현재 위험한 보고서를 휴먼 서비스부와 일리노이 주 경찰에 제출할 수 있습니다.이러한 보고의 대상자는 FOID를 취득하거나 취소된 FOID를 회복하고 싶은 경우 자신이나 타인에게 위험이 없음을 증명하기 위해 심리평가를 받아야 한다.
대기 기간?	네.	네.	공법 100-0606	총기 구입 후 구매자가 소지할 수 있을 때까지의 대기 시간은 72시간입니다.
'유령총' 금지?	네.	네.	720국제군 수 통신 시스템 5/24	모든 총기에는 일련 번호가 필요합니다.
구입 또는 보유할 수 있는 최소 연령	아니요.	네.	720 ILCS 5/24-3	일리노이주는 18세 미만의 사람은 누구나 권총을 소지하는 것을 금지하고 있다. (연방법은 18세 미만의 사람은 장총을, 21세 미만의 사람은 권총을 구입하는 것을 금지하고 있다.)

인디애나 주

대상/법률	롱 건스	핸드건	관계 법령	메모들
구매하려면 주 허가증이 필요합니까?	아니요.	아니요.
총기 등록?	아니요.	아니요.
폭행 무기법?	아니요.	아니요.
잡지 용량 제한	아니요.	아니요.
소유자 라이선스가 필요합니까?	아니요.	아니요.
레드 플래그 법?	네.	네.	IC 35-47-14-6
은닉 운반에는 허가서가 필요합니까?	없음	아니요.	IC 35-47-2-1 IC 35-47-2-1.5 IC 35-47-2-3	인디애나 주는 18세 이상의 시민과 합법적 영주권자들에게 "발행해야 할" 주이다.거주자 및 비거주자 18세 이상에 대한 무허가 은닉휴대폰이 2022년 7월 1일부터 시행되었다
오픈 캐리에는 허가서가 필요합니까?	아니요.	아니요.	IC 35-47-2-1 IC 35-47-2-3	무허가 오픈캐리는 거주자와 18세 이상의 비거주자를 대상으로 2022년 7월 1일부터 시행되었다.일반적으로 장포의 휴대가 허용된다.2017년 5월 9일 인디애나주 대법원은 권총 소지만을 근거로 개인을 구금하는 것은 범죄가 ^[63]저질러지고 있다는 합리적이고 명확한 혐의가 없는 수정헌법 제4조를 위반한다고 판결했다.
캐슬 독트린/스탠드 유어 어라운드법?	네.	네.	IC 35-41-3-2
국지적 제한의 선점?	네.	네.	IC 35-47-11.1-2
NFA 무기 제한?	아니요.	아니요.
인증할까요?	네.	네.	IC 35-47-8.5-2	15일 이내에 인증해야 한다.
평화여행법?	아니요.	아니요.
개인 판매에는 신원조회가 필요합니까?	아니요.	아니요.

아이오와 주

대상/법률	롱 건스	핸드건	관계 법령	메모들
구매하려면 주 허가증이 필요합니까?	아니요.	아니요.	724.15	아이오와 법은 권총이나 권총의 취득 허가를 규정하고 있지만 총기 구입은 필수가 아니다.이 허가증은 발효되기 전에 3일간의 대기기간을 갖는다.
총기 등록?	아니요.	아니요.	724.11	「보안관이나 국장은, 출원중의 특정의 무기 또는 그 특정의 무기에 사용되는 탄약의 제조원, 모델, 또는 일련 번호를 포함한 정보를 제공하기 위해서, 무기 휴대 허가 신청자에게 무기 휴대 허가를 요구할 수 없다.
폭행 무기법?	아니요.	아니요.
잡지 용량 제한	아니요.	아니요.
소유자 라이선스가 필요합니까?	아니요.	아니요.
은닉 운반에는 허가서가 필요합니까?	없음	아니요.	724.5 724.7	아이오와 주는 시민과 21세 이상의 합법적 영주권자들에게 "발행해야 할" 주이다. 무허가 반입은 2021년 7월 1일부터 시행되었다.
오픈 캐리에는 허가서가 필요합니까?	아니요.	아니요.	724.5	허가 없이 공개적으로 운반할 수 있습니다.
캐슬 독트린?	네.	네.	704 707.6	정당방위 '합리적 무력' 사용에 대한 시민면책특권
기본 원칙을 지키시겠습니까?	네.	네.	704 707.6	불법행위에 가담하지 않은 사람은 무력을 행사하기 전에 합법적으로 출석한 장소에서 물러날 의무가 없다.."
국지적 제한의 선점?	네.	네.	724.28	국가의 정치 부문은 총기, 총기 부속품 또는 기타 무기의 소유, 소유, 소지, 휴대, 법적 이전, 합법적 운송, 개조, 등록 또는 라이선스를 규제하는 조례, 동의, 결의, 정책 또는 개정을 제정할 수 없다.이 주의 법률에 따라 수정이 합법적입니다.
NFA 무기 제한?	네.	네.	724.1	기관총과 파괴 장치는 불법입니다. 억압자는 ^[64]2016년 3월 31일 현재 합법입니다.2017년 ^[65]4월 13일부로 짧은 소총과 산탄총이 합법입니다.
인증할까요?	네.	네.	724.1A	30일 이내에 인증해야 한다(억제제만 해당).
평화여행법?	아니요.	아니요.
개인 판매에는 신원조회가 필요합니까?	아니요.	아니요.

캔자스.

대상/법률	롱 건스	핸드건	관계 법령	메모들
구매하려면 주 허가증이 필요합니까?	아니요.	아니요.
총기 등록?	아니요.	아니요.
폭행 무기법?	아니요.	아니요.
잡지 용량 제한	아니요.	아니요.
소유자 라이선스가 필요합니까?	아니요.	아니요.
은닉 운반에는 허가서가 필요합니까?	없음	아니요.	K.S.A. © 21-6302 K.S.A. © 75-7c03(a)	캔자스는 시민과 18세 이상의 합법적 영주권자에게 "발행해야 한다"는 주이다.21세 이상에게는 정기허가가, 18세 이상에게는 잠정허가가 발급된다. 무허가 반입은 2015년 7월 1일부터 시행되었다.
오픈 캐리에는 허가서가 필요합니까?	아니요.	아니요.	K.S.A. © 75-7c03(a)	허가 없이 공개적으로 운반할 수 있습니다.
캐슬 독트린/스탠드 유어 어라운드법?	네.	네.	K.S.A. © 21-5222
국지적 제한의 선점?	네.	네.	K.S.A. © 12-16,124 K.S.A. © 75-7c17
NFA 무기 제한?	아니요.	아니요.	K.S.A. © 50-1201 ~50-1211	제2차 수정안 보호법은 캔자스 주에서 개인 총기, 총기 부속품 또는 탄약이 상업적으로 또는 개인적으로 소유 또는 제조되고 캔자스 주 경계 내에 남아 있는 경우 캔자스 주 법 집행이 NFA를 집행하는 것을 금지하고 있다.캔자스에서 제조된 화기는 리시버나 프레임과 같은 중앙 금속 부품에 "Made in Kansas"라는 문구가 명확하게 찍혀 있어야 한다.연방 법 집행은 여전히 가능합니다.
인증할까요?	네.	네.	K.S.A. © 48-1906	15일 이내에 인증해야 한다.
평화여행법?	아니요.	아니요.
개인 판매에는 신원조회가 필요합니까?	아니요.	아니요.

켄터키 주

대상/법률	롱 건스	핸드건	관계 법령	메모들
구매하려면 주 허가증이 필요합니까?	아니요.	아니요.
총기 등록?	아니요.	아니요.
폭행 무기법?	아니요.	아니요.
잡지 용량 제한	아니요.	아니요.
소유자 라이선스가 필요합니까?	아니요.	아니요.
은닉 운반에는 허가서가 필요합니까?	없음	아니요.	KRS § 237.109 KRS § 237.110	켄터키는 시민과 21세 이상의 합법적 영주권자에게 "발행해야 한다"는 주이다. 2019년 6월 26일부터 무허가 캐리(Permitless Carry)가 발효되었다.
오픈 캐리에는 허가서가 필요합니까?	아니요.	아니요.		허가 없이 공개적으로 운반할 수 있습니다.
캐슬 독트린/스탠드 유어 어라운드법?	네.	네.	KRS § 503.050
국지적 제한의 선점?	네.	네.	KRS § 65.870 KRS § 237.115	어떠한 지역도 총기, 탄약, 총기의 구성품, 총기의 구성품, 총기의 부속품 또는 이들의 조합의 제조, 판매, 구매, 과세, 양도, 양도, 소유, 소유, 소지, 보관 또는 운송 규제 분야의 일부를 점유할 수 없다. 다음 주체는 법에 따라 은닉 캐리어를 제한할 수 있습니다. 중등교육기관 고속도로 휴게소, 공공 주택 및 민간 주거지에서 은닉 캐리어를 소유, 임대 또는 점유하는 건물의 주 정부 단위
NFA 무기 제한?	아니요.	아니요.
인증할까요?	네.	네.	KRS § 237.075	15일 이내에 인증해야 한다.
평화여행법?	아니요.	아니요.
개인 판매에는 신원조회가 필요합니까?	아니요.	아니요.

루이지애나 주

대상/법률	롱 건스	핸드건	관계 법령	메모들
구매하려면 주 허가증이 필요합니까?	아니요.	아니요.
총기 등록?	아니요.	아니요.
폭행 무기법?	아니요.	아니요.
잡지 용량 제한	아니요.	아니요.
소유자 라이선스가 필요합니까?	아니요.	아니요.
은닉 운반에는 허가서가 필요합니까?	없음	네.	La. R.S. 40:95 La. R.S. 40:1379.3	루이지애나는 시민들과 21세 이상의 합법적 영주권자들에게 "발행해야 할" 주이다.
오픈 캐리에는 허가서가 필요합니까?	아니요.	아니요.		1985년 7월 15일 이전에 통과된 지역 조례가 유효하다는 점을 제외하고 허가 없이 공개적으로 휴대할 수 있습니다.
캐슬 독트린/스탠드 유어 어라운드법?	네.	네.	La. R.S. 14:19
국지적 제한의 선점?	네.	네.	La. R.S. 40:1796	1985년 7월 15일 이전에 통과된 지방 조례가 성대하게 장식되어 있다.
NFA 무기 제한?	아니요.	아니요.
평화여행법?	아니요.	아니요.
개인 판매에는 신원조회가 필요합니까?	아니요.	아니요.
알릴 의무?	아니요.	네.	La. R.S. 40:1379.3

메인 주

대상/법률	롱 건스	핸드건	관계 법령	메모들
구매하려면 주 허가증이 필요합니까?	아니요.	아니요.
총기 등록?	아니요.	아니요.	M.R.S. © 2014
폭행 무기법?	아니요.	아니요.
잡지 용량 제한	아니요.	아니요.
소유자 라이선스가 필요합니까?	아니요.	아니요.
레드 플래그 법?	네.	네.	34-B M.RS. § 3862-A
은닉 운반에는 허가서가 필요합니까?	없음	아니요.	25 M.R.S.© 2001 - A 25 M.R.S.© 2003	메인주는 18세 이상의 시민과 합법적 영주권자들에게 "발행해야 할" 주이다. 무허가 반입은 2015년 10월 12일부터 시행되었다.
오픈 캐리에는 허가서가 필요합니까?	아니요.	아니요.		주립 공원 및 기타 장소를 제외하고 허가 없이 공공연히 운반할 수 있습니다.
캐슬 독트린/스탠드 유어 어라운드법?	아니요.	아니요.	17-A MRS § 108
국지적 제한의 선점?	네.	네.	M.R.S. 25 © 2011
NFA 무기 제한?	아니요.	아니요.
인증할까요?	네.	네.	M.R.S. 25 © 2013	15일 이내에 인증해야 한다.
평화여행법?	아니요.	아니요.
개인 판매에는 신원조회가 필요합니까?	아니요.	아니요.
알릴 의무?	아니요.	네.	25 M.R.S.© 2003 - A	허가 없이 운반하는 경우에만.

메릴랜드 주

Subject/Law	Long Guns	Handguns	Relevant Statutes	Notes
State permit required to purchase?	No	Yes	Md Public Safety Article Section 5-117.1^[66]	A Handgun Qualification License is required, unless exempted (Active Duty/Retired Military with identification cards, Active/Retired Law Enforcement with department credentials, Federal Firearms Licensees); training is required, unless exempted; fingerprints are required; background checks are required; does not invalidate the requirement to perform a comprehensive background check for every handgun purchase transaction.^[66]
Firearm registration?	No	Yes		The state police maintain a permanent record of all handgun transfers. Automatic weapons must be registered with the state police.
Owner license required?	No	No
Permit required for concealed carry?	N/A	Yes		Maryland is a de jure "may issue" state for concealed carry, but in light of the Supreme Court's decision in New York State Rifle & Pistol Association, Inc. v. Bruen, Governor Larry Hogan directed law enforcement to cease enforcement of the "good and substantial reason" requirement to obtain a concealed carry permit. As a result, Maryland is de facto a "shall issue" state.
Permit required for open carry?	No	Yes		Open carry is permitted with a carry license, but is not generally practiced except by uniformed private security officers. Long guns and antique handguns may be carried openly without a license.
State preemption of local restrictions?	Yes	Yes		Maryland has state preemption for most but not all firearm laws.
Assault weapon law?	Yes	Yes	Md Criminal Law Article Section 4-303 Firearms Safety Act of 2013	Certain models of firearms are banned as assault pistols and assault long guns. It is illegal to possess an assault weapon or a copycat weapon with two or more specified features (folding stock, grenade/flare launcher, flash suppressor) unless owned before 10/1/2013, or received through inheritance from a lawful possessor and not otherwise forbidden to possess.^[66] Some local counties have adopted Second Amendment sanctuary resolutions in opposition to assault weapon laws.^[67]
Magazine capacity restriction?	Yes	Yes		Illegal to purchase, sell or manufacture magazines with a capacity of greater than 10 rounds within Maryland. However, possession of magazines greater than 10 rounds is legal if purchased out of state. These may not, however, be transferred to a subsequent owner unless done so outside the state of Maryland.
NFA weapons restricted?	No	No		Automatic firearms, SBSs, and SBRs must be owned in compliance with federal law. Law is silent in regards to DDs, suppressors, and AOWs.
Background checks required for private sales?	Partial	Yes	GAM Public Safety, §5-124	All private transfers of regulated firearms (handguns or assault weapons) must be processed through a licensed dealer or designated law enforcement agency which must conduct a background check on the buyer.
Red flag law?	Yes	Yes	^[68]

Massachusetts

Subject/Law	Long guns	Handguns	Relevant statutes	Notes
State permit required to purchase?	Yes	Yes	MA Ch. 140 Sec. 129C	Firearm Identification (FID) or license to carry required. Permits/FID cards are issued by local police departments. Some issuing authorities (notably Boston) have required an applicant to justify the need for a firearm, and have denied purchase permits/FID cards based on insufficient justification of need. The discretionary issue of purchase permits/FID cards is currently being challenged in the state courts.
Firearm registration?	No	No		Although registration is not specifically required by law, transfers of firearm ownership are required to be recorded with the Massachusetts Executive Office of Public Safety and Security (EOPSS): by the seller if in state, or by the buyer if out of state. The Massachusetts EOPSS also provides the option to register a firearm, although, other than obtaining a firearm from out of state (a transfer of ownership), this is not required by law.
Owner license required?	Yes	Yes	MA Ch. 140 Sec. 129C	Firearm Identification (FID) or license to carry required.
License required for concealed carry?	Yes	Yes	MA Ch. 140 Sec. 131	Massachusetts is a de facto "shall issue" state for carry since the Supreme Court's decision in New York State Rifle & Pistol Association, Inc. v. Bruen held "may issue" regimes unconstitutional. The issuing authority must provide written explanation for the denial of any application, which is subject to appeal. The issuing authority is the local police chief for most jurisdictions, who issues carry licenses based on an applicant's suitability and compliance with background check and training requirements. Permits are valid statewide, provided the license-holder complies with restrictions (if any) imposed by the issuing authority.
License required for open carry?	Yes	Yes		An individual with a Class A unrestricted license to carry firearms (LTC-A) does not have to conceal a handgun or long gun in public. Moreover, in 2013, the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court ruled that the holder of a LTC-A license is not responsible for alarm caused by licensed carry of a handgun, and that a permit cannot be revoked for suitability purposes under these circumstances.^[69] If police demand to see the permit, it must be produced, per G.L. c. 140, § 129C. Failure to produce a LTC upon demand by law enforcement is probable cause for arrest.^{[citation needed]}
State preemption of local restrictions?	No	No		There is limited preemption for some laws.
Assault weapon law?	Yes	Yes		A two point "banned features" system is what defines an assault weapon. These assault weapons are prohibited unless lawfully owned on or prior to September 13, 1994. Firearms that do not have two or more "banned features" are legal to purchase with an LTC or in some cases a standard FID so long as magazine restrictions are followed to what one's license allows.
Magazine Capacity Restriction?	Yes	Yes	MA Ch. 140 Sec. 121	Illegal to possess magazines of over 10 rounds capacity. Pre-ban magazines manufactured before September 13, 1994 are exempt from this restriction.
NFA weapons restricted?	Yes	Yes	MA Ch. 140 Sec. 131	Suppressors are restricted only for law enforcement or licensed manufacturers. Some destructive devices are banned at the state level, while others are banned at a local level. DD's can be completely illegal or legal depending on what town one lives in. SBR's, SBS's, and AOW's are allowed with proper approval from the ATF. A machine gun license is required to possess a machine gun.
Background checks required for private sales?	Yes	Yes	MA Ch. 140 Sec. 128A	The seller must verify the buyer's Firearm Identification Card with the Department of Criminal Justice Information Services.
Red flag law?	Yes	Yes		A judge may issue an order to temporarily confiscate the firearms of a person who appears to be at risk of harming themselves or another person.

Michigan

Subject/Law	Long Guns	Hand Guns	Relevant Statutes	Notes
State permit required to purchase?	No	Yes	MCL § 28.422	For handguns, a Handgun Purchase Permit (issued by the sheriff in the county of one's residence) or a Michigan-issued Concealed Pistol License is required for private purchases.
Firearm registration?	No	Yes	MCL § 28.432	Some handgun sales are required to be registered to local law enforcement. There are several exceptions, including, but not limited to, police and United States citizens holding a concealed carry permit from another state.
Assault weapon law?	No	No
Magazine capacity restriction?	No	No
Owner license required?	No	No
Permit required for concealed carry?	N/A	Yes	MCL § 28.425b MCL § 750.227	Michigan is a "shall issue" state for citizens and lawful permanent residents who are 21 years or older.
Permit required for open carry?	No	No	MCL § 750.227	May carry openly without permit, except Concealed Pistol License required to carry in a vehicle.
Castle Doctrine/Stand Your Ground law?	Yes	Yes	MCL § 780.972
State preemption of local restrictions?	Yes	Yes	MCL § 123.1102
NFA weapons restricted?	No	No
Peaceable Journey laws?	Yes	Yes	MCL § 750.231a
Background checks required for private sales?	No	Yes	MCL § 28.422a	For all private handgun transfers, a Handgun Purchase Permit (issued by the sheriff in the county of one's residence) or a Michigan-issued Concealed Pistol License is required.
Duty to inform?	No	Yes	MCL § 28.425f

Minnesota

Subject/Law	Long guns	Handguns	Relevant Statutes	Notes
State permit required to purchase?	No	Yes	§624.7131	Permit to purchase required to transfer/purchase long guns with a pistol grip and handguns through FFL dealers. A permit to carry also acts as a permit to purchase for Minnesota residents. Traditional rifles and shotguns may be purchased without a permit.
Firearm registration?	No	No
Assault-style weapon law?	No	No	§624.7131	Persons 18 and older may purchase assault-style weapons with a permit to purchase (or permit to carry for persons 21 and older).
Magazine Capacity Restriction?	No	No
Owner license required?	No	No
Permit required for concealed carry?	N/A	Yes	§624.714	Shall Issue. Minnesota Permit to Carry a Pistol required to carry handguns. Concealment is permitted but not required.
Permit required for open carry?	Yes	Yes	§624.7181	Whoever carries a BB gun, rifle, or shotgun on or about the person in a public place is guilty of a gross misdemeanor. A person under the age of 21 who carries a semiautomatic military-style assault weapon on or about their person in public place is guilty of a felony. However, one may carry a pistol or a long gun openly with permit to carry a pistol because, the law states that the prohibition on carrying does not include the carrying of a BB gun, rifle, or shotgun by a person who has a permit under section 624.714.
State Preemption of local restrictions?	Yes	Yes	§471.633	Municipalities may regulate the discharge of firearms within their borders.
NFA weapons restricted?	Yes	Yes	§609.67	Machine guns and short-barreled shotguns, unless designated Curios & Relics, are prohibited in most cases. Some destructive devices are prohibited in most cases. Sound suppressors and short barreled rifles are legal.
Peaceable Journey laws?	Yes	Yes	§97B.045 §624.714, Subd. 9	Any legally possessed gun may be transported in a motor vehicle, provided it is unloaded and cased.
Background checks required for private sales?	No	No

Mississippi

Subject/Law	Long Guns	Hand Guns	Relevant Statutes	Notes
State permit required to purchase?	No	No
Firearm registration?	No	No
Assault weapon law?	No	No
Magazine capacity restriction?	No	No
Owner license required?	No	No
Permit required for concealed carry?	N/A	No	Miss. Code Ann. § 45-9-101 Miss. Code Ann. § 95-3-1 Miss. Code Ann. § 97-37-1 Miss. Code Ann. § 97-37-7(2)	Mississippi is a "shall issue" state for citizens and lawful permanent residents who are 21 years or older. Regular and Enhanced permits are issued. Enhanced permits are issued to those who complete a training course. Permitless carry took effect on April 15, 2016, and applies to the carry of handguns in "belt and shoulder holsters and sheaths." Some forms of concealed carry still require a permit (e.g., without a holster, or in an ankle holster). Enhanced concealed carry permits allow for carrying in all areas except for any police, sheriff or state highway patrol station; any detention facility, prison or jail; courtrooms during a judicial proceeding; and, any "place of nuisance".
Permit required for open carry?	No	No	Miss. Code Ann. § 45-9-101(14) Miss. Code Ann. § 97-37-1(4)	May carry openly without permit. Handguns must be carried in a "a sheath, belt holster or shoulder holster".
Castle Doctrine/Stand Your Ground law?	Yes	Yes	Miss. Code Ann. § 97-3-15
State preemption of local restrictions?	Yes	Yes	Miss. Code Ann. § 45-9-51 Miss. Code Ann. § 45-9-53	"...no county or municipality may adopt any ordinance that restricts the possession, carrying, transportation, sale, transfer or ownership of firearms or ammunition or their components." However, local governments may regulate the discharge of firearms, the carrying of firearms at a public park or public meeting, or the use of firearms in cases of insurrection, riots, and natural disasters.
NFA weapons restricted?	No	No
Peaceable Journey laws?	No	No
Background checks required for private sales?	No	No

Missouri

Subject/Law	Long Guns	Hand Guns	Relevant Statutes	Notes
State permit required to purchase?	No	No
Firearm registration?	No	No
Assault weapon law?	No	No
Magazine capacity restriction?	No	No
Owner license required?	No	No
Permit required for concealed carry?	No	No	RSMo 571.030	Missouri is a "shall issue" state for citizens and lawful permanent residents who are 19 years or older. Permitless carry took effect on January 1, 2017.
Permit required for open carry?	No	No	RSMo 21.750 RSMo 571.037	May carry openly without permit, except localities can pass ordinances restricting open carry. Carry permits allow holders to carry openly anywhere in the state.
Castle Doctrine/Stand Your Ground law?	Yes	Yes	RsMo 563
State preemption of local restrictions?	Yes	Yes	RSMo 21.750	Local governments can regulate the open carry and discharge of firearms. In December 2019, St. Louis passed an ordinance forbidding the carrying of firearms in city parks, athletic fields and facilities, and recreational facilities.^[70]^[71] A lawsuit challenging the ordinance as a violation of the preemption law is expected.
NFA weapons restricted?	No	No
Peaceable Journey laws?	Yes	Yes
Background checks required for private sales?	No	No

Montana

Subject/law	Long guns	Hand guns	Relevant statutes	Notes
State permit required to purchase?	No	No
Firearm registration?	No	No
Assault weapon law?	No	No
Magazine capacity restriction?	No	No
Owner license required?	No	No
Permit required for concealed carry?	N/A	No	MCA § 45-8-316 MCA § 45-8-321	Montana is a "shall issue" state for citizens and lawful permanent residents who are 18 years or older. Permitless carry took effect on February 18, 2021.
Permit required for open carry?	No	No	MCA § 45-8-311	May carry openly without permit.
Castle Doctrine/Stand Your Ground law?	Yes	Yes	MCA § 45-3
State preemption of local restrictions?	Yes	Yes	MCA § 45-8-351	Localities may regulate firearm discharge and the open or unpermitted concealed carry of weapons to a publicly owned and occupied building.
NFA weapons restricted?	No	No
Peaceable Journey laws?	No	No
Background checks required for private sales?	No	No		Missoula enacted a universal background check ordinance in 2016, however Attorney General Tim Fox opined that the ordinance is unlawful.^[72] In October 2018, a state judge ruled that the ordinance was lawful^[73] but the ordinance was struck down unanimously by the Montana Supreme Court on October 22, 2019.^[74]

Nebraska

Subject/Law	Long Guns	Hand Guns	Relevant Statutes	Notes
State permit required to purchase?	No	Yes	Neb. Rev. Stat. § 69-2403	For handguns, a Firearm Purchase Permit (issued by the sheriff in the county of one's residence) or a Nebraska-issued Concealed Handgun Permit is required.
Firearm registration?	No	Yes	Omaha, Neb., Code § 20-251 et seq. Lincoln, Neb., Muni. Code § 9.36.030	The City of Omaha requires the registration of all handguns. The City of Lincoln requires reporting of firearms sales other than long guns commonly used for sporting purposes.
Assault weapon law?	No	No
Magazine capacity restriction?	No	No
Owner license required?	No	No
Permit required for concealed carry?	N/A	Yes	Neb. Rev. Stat. § 28-1202 Neb. Rev. Stat. § 69-2430	Nebraska is a "shall issue" state for citizens and lawful permanent residents who are 21 years or older.
Permit required for open carry?	No	No		May carry openly without permit, but it may be restricted by local governments. For open carry in a vehicle, the firearm must be clearly visible.
Castle Doctrine/Stand Your Ground law?	No	No
State preemption of local restrictions?	No	No	Neb. Rev. Stat. § 14-102 Neb. Rev. Stat. § 15-255 Neb. Rev. Stat. § 16-227 Neb. Rev. Stat. § 17-556 Neb. Rev. Stat. § 18-1703 Neb. Rev. Stat. § 69-2425	Nebraska has partial state preemption for most but not all firearms laws. Other than discharge ordinances, local firearms ordinances are preempted for individuals who hold a valid Concealed Handgun Permit (CHP). These local ordinances are still enforceable against non-permitholders.
NFA weapons restricted?	No	No	Neb. Rev. Stat. § 28-1203 Neb. Rev. Stat. § 28-1220
Peaceable Journey laws?	No	No
Background checks required for private sales?	No	Yes	Neb. Rev. Stat. § 69-2403	For handguns, a Firearm Purchase Permit (issued by the sheriff in the county of one's residence) or a Nebraska-issued Concealed Handgun Permit is required.
Duty to inform?	No	Yes	Neb. Rev. Stat. § 69-2440
Purchase age restriction?	No	Yes	Neb. Rev. Stat. § 69-2404	In addition to federal law, state law prohibits sales of handguns to those under 21, including in private transactions.

Nevada

Subject/Law	Long guns	Handguns	Relevant statutes	Notes
State permit required to purchase?	No	No
Firearm registration?	No	No		As of June 2015, Clark County no longer requires the registration of handguns. There is now state preemption for firearm registration.^[75]
Owner license required?	No	No
Permit required for concealed carry?	N/A	Yes	NRS 202§3657 - Application and Permitting NRS 202§360 - Prohibited Persons	Nevada is a "shall issue" state for concealed carry.
Permit required for open carry?	No	No	NV Constitution Article 1 Section 11 NRS 503§165 - Carrying loaded rifle or shotgun in or on vehicle on or along public way unlawful; exceptions.	Open carry is generally permitted throughout the state. For open carry in a vehicle, the firearm may be anywhere except concealed upon the person without a concealed firearm permit.^[76]^[77] Long guns carried openly in a vehicle may not have a round chambered, but may otherwise have a loaded magazine inserted or inside them.^[78]
State preemption of local restrictions?	Yes	Yes	NRS 244§364 - County of 700,000 or more NRS 268§418 - City of 700,000 or more NRS 269§222 - Town of 700,000 or more	Local authorities may regulate the discharge of firearms. Handgun registration in Clark County was grandfathered in, until SB175 (signed into law June 2nd, 2015) removed the authority of the county to register handguns in Nevada.^[79]
Assault weapon law?	No	No
Magazine Capacity Restriction?	No	No
NFA weapons restricted?	No	No	NRS 202§275 Possession, manufacture or disposition of short-barreled rifle or short-barreled shotgun NRS 202§350 Manufacture, importation, possession or use of dangerous weapon or silencer 18 USC §922(b)4 - Unlawful Transfer 27 CFR §478.98 - Sales or deliveries of destructive devices and certain firearms.	Possession and ownership of an SBR, SBS, machine gun (selective-fire weapon), or silencer, all NFA items, are subject to federal purview and regulation.^[80]^[81]
Background checks required for private sales?	Yes	Yes		In November 2016, Nevada voters approved Ballot Question 1, changing the law to require background checks for private sales.^[82] Nevada Attorney General Adam Laxalt opined that the law is unenforceable.^[83]^[84] A revised version was signed into law on February 15, 2019 to fix the deficiencies of Question 1. The law is set to go into effect in January 2020.^[85]^[86] Some local counties have adopted Second Amendment sanctuary resolutions in opposition.^[87]
Red flag law?	Yes	Yes		Police may confiscate firearms from those considered a threat.^[88]

New Hampshire

Subject/law	Long guns	Hand guns	Relevant statutes	Notes
State permit required to purchase?	No	No	NHRS XII § 159:14
Firearm registration?	No	No
Assault weapon law?	No	No
Magazine capacity restriction?	No	No
Owner license required?	No	No
Permit required for concealed carry?	N/A	No	NHRS XII § 159:6	New Hampshire is a "shall issue" state for residents and non-residents who are 18 years or older and is one of the few states that will issue to non-citizens living outside of the United States. Permitless carry took effect on February 22, 2017.
Permit required for open carry?	No	No	NHRS XII § 159:6 NHRS XVIII § 207:7	May carry openly without permit. Loaded long guns prohibited in motor vehicles.
Castle doctrine/stand your ground law?	Yes	Yes	NHRS LXII § 627
State preemption of local restrictions?	Yes	Yes	NHRS XII § 159:26	"Except as otherwise specifically provided by statute, no ordinance or regulation of a political subdivision may regulate the sale, purchase, ownership, use, possession, transportation, licensing, permitting, taxation, or other matter pertaining to firearms, firearms components, ammunition, or firearms supplies in the state. Nothing in this section shall be construed as affecting a political subdivision's right to adopt zoning ordinances for the purpose of regulating firearms or knives businesses in the same manner as other businesses ..."
NFA weapons restricted?	No	No
Peaceable journey laws?	No	No
Background checks required for private sales?	No	No

New Jersey

Subject/Law	Long guns	Handguns	Relevant statutes	Notes
State permit required to purchase?	Yes	Yes		A lifetime purchaser identification card is required for purchase of rifles and shotguns, as well as for purchases of handgun ammunition. A permit to purchase a handgun, valid for 90 days is required for each handgun purchase. Only one handgun can be purchased within a 30-day period. According to judicial ruling, purchase permits/identification cards are supposed to be granted on a “shall-issue” basis.
Firearm registration?	No	Yes		The NJ State Police Firearms Investigation Unit (NJSP FIU) maintains a record of all handgun transfers, except for inherited firearms willed to the transferee, or firearms brought to the state by new residents moving to the state. Firearm registration is voluntary, but since handgun purchase permits are also a form of register, there is de facto mandatory handgun registration for handguns purchased in-state. Purchases by NJ residents must either be from a licensed dealer in NJ or a private individual who is a resident of NJ. In both dealer purchases and private sales, a copy of the purchase permit is sent to the NJSP FIU. A NICS background check at the point of sale is only required for purchases from dealers.
Owner license required?	No	No		Purchaser Identification Card required to purchase firearms in state. License is not required to own or possess firearms at exempt locations,^[89] only to purchase. Firearm must be compliant and/or brought into compliance with NJ law before entering NJ.
Permit required for concealed carry?	N/A	Yes	N.J. Admin. Code § 13:54	New Jersey calls its permit a "permit to carry a handgun" and is a "shall-issue" by judicial ruling for concealed firearm carry. It must be approved by both the township's police chief and a NJ judge, whereas the applicant will not know who denied the $20 application to carry.
Permit required for open carry?	No	Yes		Open carry is allowed only with a permit to carry a handgun and is generally not practiced except by security officers and others who carry firearms on duty. While it is technically legal to carry long guns with a valid Firearm Purchaser ID card, it is generally frowned upon by law enforcement, except when hunting. One can expect to be detained and questioned in most places if carrying in this manner. However, open carry of loaded long guns is not permitted.
State preemption of local restrictions?	No	No		There is limited state preemption for some firearm laws.
Assault weapon law?	Yes	Yes	N.J.S.A 2C:39-1^[90]	New Jersey prohibits the possession of certain named firearms or "substantially identical" firearms deemed to be assault firearms, including possession of parts from which an assault firearm may be readily assembled. Firearms classed as assault firearms but acquired before May 1, 1990 and registered with the state are legal to possess. Police officers may possess assault weapons for duty purposes and may possess personal assault weapons with recommendation by their agency.
Magazine capacity restriction?	Yes	Yes		Magazines are limited to 10 rounds for semi-automatic pistols and rifles, and 6 rounds for semi-automatic shotguns. Tubular fed fixed magazine .22s exempt.
NFA weapons restricted?	Yes	Yes	N.J.S.A 2C:39-3(a-c)^[91]; N.J.S.A 2C:58-5^[92]	Possession of short barreled rifles, short barreled shotguns, destructive devices, and suppressors are prohibited to the average citizen. Law is silent on AOWs. Possession of a machine gun requires a state license, which is granted on a may issue basis by a county superior court judge. Machine gun licenses are extremely difficult to obtain.
Background checks required for private sales?	Yes	Yes		Private firearm sales require a background check conducted through a federally licensed gun dealer except for temporary transfers,^[93] transfers between law enforcement officers, or transfers between immediate family.^[94]
Red flag law?	Yes	Yes		A judge may issue a gun violence restraining order authorizing the police to confiscate a person's firearms if the judge determines that the person poses a significant risk of personal injury to himself or others. In recent practice, New Jersey has extended that petition to anyone to Red Flag a gun owner.

New Mexico

Subject/Law	Long Guns	Handguns	Relevant Statutes	Notes
State permit required to purchase?	No	No		New Mexico does not require any permit to purchase a long gun or handgun.^[95]
Firearm registration?	No	No
Assault weapon law?	No	No
Magazine Capacity Restriction?	No	No		There is no magazine capacity restriction.^[96]
Owner license required?	No	No
License required for concealed carry?	N/A	Yes	NMSA 29–19–4	Shall-issue to full-time and part-time residents (who hold a valid New Mexico ID/Driver's License), with passage of a criminal history check and mental health records check, and completion of 15-hour handgun safety course that includes live-fire instruction. Active military and law enforcement members and veterans honorably discharged within 20 years of permit application are exempt from training requirement.^[97] Permit required to carry concealed loaded firearm on foot. No permit needed for open carry, concealed carry of an unloaded firearm, or transport of a loaded firearm either concealed or openly in a vehicle. Unlawfully carrying a concealed firearm is a petty misdemeanor that is punishable by up to 6 months in a county jail and/or a fine of up to $500. Except for active-duty military members and dependents permanently stationed in the state, New Mexico does not issue CHLs to non-residents.
License required for open carry?	No	No		It is legal to open carry a loaded rifle and/or handgun in New Mexico without a permit.^[98]
Vehicle carry permitted?	Yes	Yes		A loaded firearm may be carried/transported either openly or concealed in a vehicle without a permit.
Out-of-state permits recognized?	N/A	Partial	NMSA 29-19-12	New Mexico recognizes permits from states with reciprocity agreements (currently 24 states).^[99] New Mexico law limits reciprocity agreements to states with licensing standards that are substantially similar or more restrictive than New Mexico's.
Duty to Inform?	No	No	NMSA 29-19-9	Although not mandated by state law, it is customary in New Mexico to inform law enforcement officials when transporting firearms. Those who are carrying a loaded pistol or revolver concealed while on foot must carry their CHL with them and present it upon demand by law enforcement.
Concealed Carry on College Campuses?	No	No	NMSA 29-19-8 NMSA 30-7-2.4	Firearms and ammunition may be stored in a locked vehicle while parked on campus, and may be carried while driving in a vehicle on campus, but may not be carried on foot while on campus property or stored in an on-campus facility. Exceptions exist for university-sponsored shooting events and ROTC programs.^[100]
NFA weapons restricted?	No	No
State pre-emption of local ordinances?	Yes	Yes	NMSA 29-19-10	As stated in Article 2, Section 6 of the New Mexico Constitution. Tribal laws on Native American reservations not pre-empted. Some tribes recognize New Mexico firearms laws, while others do not and have far more restrictive firearms policies. Additionally, some local jurisdictions have enacted ordinances restricting or banning the discharge of firearms within their boundaries, with exceptions for shooting ranges and designated hunting areas during hunting season.
Castle Doctrine law?	Yes	Yes	NMSA 30-2-7	New Mexico's self-defense statute (NMSA 30-2-7) is vaguely worded and does not specifically address Castle Doctrine or Stand Your Ground situations.^[101] However, Castle Doctrine has been established on a limited basis by a 1946 New Mexico Supreme Court ruling, which states that when a person reasonably feels "threatened with an attack need not retreat. In the exercise of his right of self defense, he may stand his ground and defend himself."^[102] Currently, the courts have limited the scope of Castle Doctrine/Stand Your Ground to self-defense situations occurring inside the defender's home, and neither law nor court precedence provides the defender immunity from lawsuits by the aggressor arising from the use of lethal force in self-defense. Additionally, judicial precedence in New Mexico has established that the use of lethal force is not justifiable in defense of one's property alone.
Duty to Retreat?	No	No	NM UJI 14-5190	A person who is threatened with an attack need not retreat. In the exercise of his right of self defense, he may stand his ground and defend himself.
Opt-Out statute?	Yes	Yes	NMSA 29–19–12; NMSA 30–14–6; NMAC 10.8.2.27	Property owners may prohibit the carrying of firearms onto property they lawfully possess by posting signage or verbally notifying persons upon entering the property. Violating these "gun-free" establishments is a full misdemeanor punishable by less than one year in the county jail and/or a fine of up to $1,000 (Criminal Trespass - NMSA 30-14-1).
Peaceable journey laws?	No	No		One may travel through or within New Mexico with a loaded weapon in a vehicle. Federal law pre-empts Native American reservation laws. FOPA is observed.
Red Flag Law?	Yes	Yes	NMSA 40-17 ^[103]	NMSA 40-17 allows law enforcement officials to petition a judge to order the temporary seizure of firearms from an individual where there is probable cause that the individual will cause harm to themselves or others. Under the law, the subject has the option to surrender his or her firearms within 48 hours of the order, to law enforcement or to a licensed firearms dealer for safekeeping until the order expires or is rescinded. The judge will then schedule a hearing within 10 days to determine based on the preponderance of evidence if the weapons should be returned to the owner, or to issue an Extreme Risk Firearm Protection Order (ERFPO) for up to 1 year. New Mexico's Red Flag law also allows for an individual subject to an ERFPO to sell or transfer seized/surrendered firearms to a licensed firearms dealer or other non-prohibited buyer, after the buyer has passed a NICS background check. Authorities in some rural jurisdictions have refused to enforce New Mexico's Red Flag Law.^[104]^[105]
Background checks required for private sales?	Yes	Yes	NMSA 30-7-7.1	Effective July 1, 2019. Senate Bill 8, which establishes a requirement for NICS background checks for private-party transfers was signed into law on March 8, 2019. Exceptions will exist for active/retired LEO transfers and transfers between immediate family members.^[106]^[107] Some local counties have adopted Second Amendment sanctuary resolutions in opposition to universal background check laws.^[108]

New York

Subject/Law	Long guns	Handguns	Relevant statutes	Notes
State permit required to purchase?	No*	Yes	S 265.20, S 265.01	Handguns and semi-automatic rifles require a permit. Permits are issued by County or State Supreme Court judges/justices outside of New York City, Westchester, Nassau and Suffolk Counties, with a background check. Permits for those wanting to carry concealed or possess handguns in the home are issued on a "may-issue" or "shall-issue" basis depending on the county. There is an application fee for each permit, as well as an amendment fee for each handgun added to the permit. No NYS permit is required for shotguns and rifles. Firearms deemed "assault weapons" cannot be bought. NOTE: Different laws apply for NYC
Firearm registration?	No	Yes	S 700.00^{[citation needed]}, S 265.01	Handguns: All handguns must be registered under a license. There is a $3 registration fee. Handguns are registered with purchase permit. The serial number and sale is noted down. Antique weapons are exempted from this. All handguns must travel in the manner one's license is issued. No record is needed of previously owned handguns with law enforcement. Non-"assault weapon" long guns: No registration required. "Assault weapons": All rifles classified as assault weapons were required to be registered with the state by January 15, 2014, and are illegal otherwise. NOTE: Different laws apply for NYC
Owner license required?	No	Yes	S 265.20, S 265.01	No license is required for long guns; however, New York State requires a license for handgun ownership. Handgun licenses are normally restricted to three types: residence or business premises permit, Target & Hunting, and Unrestricted Carry. Target and hunting allows carry while engaged in those activities. Unrestricted allows carry at any time. All permits issued outside of New York City are not valid in New York City except for retired police and federal law enforcement officers with that status marked on their permit and for armored car guards on duty. The minimum age to be issued a handgun license is 21 unless one is a former or current member of the armed forces or law enforcement. NOTE: Different laws apply for NYC
License required for concealed carry?	N/A	Yes	S 400.00	New York counties, or the police departments in New York City and Nassau and Suffolk counties, issue unrestricted concealed carry licenses on a "shall issue" basis. Prior to June 23, 2022, licenses were issued on a "may issue" basis, but this practice was held unconstitutional by the Supreme Court. ^[109] Previously, discretionary issuance policies varied widely across the state. Generally, it was harder to obtain a license in counties closer to large cities. Most counties that are not a part of downstate New York had shall/reasonable issuance policies, but some administratively restricted time or place of carry (such as only for target shooting or hunting). It is not a crime to carry a weapon under a Target or Hunting permit for other purposes, but if caught or reported, the permit will likely be revoked. Concealed carry without any kind of permit must be charged as a felony unless the weapon is unloaded and no ammunition for it is in possession of the person carrying. All permits are valid throughout the state, except in the City of New York, unless validated by the police commissioner of that city, or by armored car guards, retired police officers and retired federal law enforcement officers as specified in the Criminal Procedure Law. NY Penal Law 400(6). While New York law does not allow issuance of pistol licenses to non-residents, 2013 federal appeals court and State appeals court rulings clarified the residency requirement. This clarification allowed those domiciled outside of the state with a part-time residence in New York to be issued a permit.^[110]
Open carry allowed?	No	No	S 265.35, S 265.01	The law is extremely vague on open carry. Open carry in public is not legal in most instances. While no law specifically bans open carry, a license to carry is issued to carry concealed as per penal law 400. Therefore, pistol permit holders must carry concealed. Open carry is permitted while hunting and possibly on one's own property. Open carry of unloaded long guns is not explicitly prohibited by any law, but is generally not practiced. It is illegal to transport a loaded long gun in a motor vehicle, except in some scenarios while hunting.
Assault weapon law?	Yes	Yes	S 265.00, S 265.02	Possession of assault weapons is prohibited, except for those legally possessed on January 15, 2013 and registered with the state by January 15, 2014 or classified as an antique assault weapon. New York City, Buffalo, Albany, and Rochester have enacted their own assault weapon bans. Law enforcement and retired law enforcement are exempt from the assault weapons ban.
Magazine capacity restriction?	Yes	Yes	§ 265.02	Magazine size is limited to 10 rounds. Law enforcement and retired law enforcement with last service weapon only, are exempt from the 10 round limit. Also exempt are antique high-quality magazines if registered to an associated antique assault weapon. The 10 round magazine law is part of the NY SAFE Act. A legal provision that mandated no more than 7 rounds that may be loaded into the magazine was struck down by a federal judge on December 31, 2013. NOTE: Different laws apply for NYC
Title II (National Firearms Act) weapons restricted?	Yes	Yes	S 265.02, S 265.02	Ownership of machine guns, suppressors, short-barreled rifles, AOW's and short-barreled shotguns are prohibited to the average citizen. Destructive devices are permitted except for rockets with greater than 3 ounces of propellant, which are prohibited. AOW's disguised as non-firearms are illegal.
Castle Doctrine Law?	Yes*	Yes*	§ 35.20	New York has a castle doctrine law. It allows for the "use of (non-lethal) physical force in defense of premises and in defense of a person in the course of burglary." Lethal force is governed under §35.15.
State preemption of local restrictions?	No	No	None	New York preempts only handgun licensing.^[111] Places such as Buffalo, Rochester, Albany, and most notably New York City have put in more restrictive gun laws, such as licensing of long guns and 5-round magazine limits.^[112]^[113]^[114]
Peaceable journey laws?	Yes	Yes	S 265.10	With certain restrictions (see below), most notably magazines are not exempt. FOPA is complied with by police agencies in New York after losing some false arrest lawsuits.
Background checks required for private sales?	Yes	Yes	NY Gen Bus L § 898 (2012)	For firearm transfers between private parties, a licensed dealer must conduct a background check, provide documentation of the check to the New York State Police, and keep a record of the transaction.^[115]
Red flag law?	Yes	Yes		Family members, school officials or law enforcement can ask courts to temporarily block someone from buying or owning a gun.^[116]
Minimum age to purchase or possess?	Yes	No		The minimum age to purchase a semiautomatic rifle is 21.^[117] (Under federal law the minimum age to purchase a handgun is 21.)

North Carolina

Subject/Law	Long Guns	Hand Guns	Relevant Statutes	Notes
State permit required to purchase?	No	Yes	§ 14-402 § 14-403	For handguns, a Pistol Purchase Permit (issued by the sheriff in the county of one's residence) or a North Carolina-issued Concealed Handgun Permit is required. Presenting either of these exempts the buyer from the on-the-spot NICS background check.
Firearm registration?	No	No
Assault weapon law?	No	No
Magazine capacity restriction?	No	No
Owner license required?	No	No
Permit required for concealed carry?	N/A	Yes	§ 14-269 §§ 14-415.10 to 14-415.27	North Carolina is a "shall issue" state for citizens and lawful permanent residents who are 21 years or older.
Permit required for open carry?	No	No	§ 160A-189	May carry openly without permit. The preemption laws do not fully encompass open carry, and some municipalities have banned it in government buildings.
Castle Doctrine/Stand Your Ground law?	Yes	Yes	§ 14-51.3
State preemption of local restrictions?	Yes	Yes	§ 14-409.40 § 14-415.23	Municipalities may ban firearms from government buildings.
NFA weapons restricted?	No	No	§ 14-288.8 § 14-409
Shall certify?	Yes	Yes	§ 14-409.41	Shall certify within 15 days.
Peaceable Journey laws?	No	No
Background checks required for private sales?	No	Yes	§ 14-402	For all handgun transfers, a Pistol Purchase Permit (issued by the sheriff in the county of one's residence) or a North Carolina-issued Concealed Handgun Permit is required.
Duty to inform?	No	Yes	§ 14-415.11(a)

North Dakota

Subject/Law	Long Guns	Hand Guns	Relevant Statutes	Notes
State permit required to purchase?	No	No
Firearm registration?	No	No
Assault weapon law?	No	No
Magazine capacity restriction?	No	No
Owner license required?	No	No
Permit required for concealed carry?	N/A	No	62.1-03-01 62.1-04-03	North Dakota is a "shall issue" state for citizens and lawful permanent residents who are 18 years or older. Class 1 permits are issued to those 21 or older, and Class 2 permits are issued to those 18 or older. Permitless carry (for residents only) took effect on August 1, 2017.
Permit required for open carry?	No	Yes	62.1-03-01	Open carry of long guns is generally permitted. Open carry of a loaded handgun is permitted only by individuals with a valid concealed weapons license. Non permit holders may carry provided the handgun is unloaded and in plain sight.
Castle Doctrine/Stand Your Ground law?	Yes	Yes	12.1-05-07
State preemption of local restrictions?	Yes	Yes	62.1-01-03	"A political subdivision, including home rule cities or counties, may not enact a zoning ordinance or any other ordinance relating to the purchase, sale, ownership, possession, transfer of ownership, registration, or licensure of firearms and ammunition which is more restrictive than state law."
NFA weapons restricted?	No	No	62.1-01-01	Binary triggers are not considered machine guns.
Shall certify?	Yes	Yes	62.1-05-03	Shall certify within 30 days.
Peaceable Journey laws?	No	No
Background checks required for private sales?	No	No
Duty to inform?	Yes	Yes	62.1-04-04	Only when carrying without a permit.

Ohio

Subject/Law	Long Guns	Hand Guns	Relevant Statutes	Notes
State permit required to purchase?	No	No
Firearm registration?	No	No
Assault weapon law?	No	No	O.R.C. 2923.11
Magazine capacity restriction?	No	No
Owner license required?	No	No
Permit required for concealed carry?	N/A	No	O.R.C. 2923.111 O.R.C. 2923.12 O.R.C. 2923.125	Ohio is a "shall issue" state for citizens and lawful permanent residents who are 21 years or older. Permitless carry took effect on June 13, 2022.
Permit required for open carry?	No	No	O.R.C. 2923.111 O.R.C. 2923.16	May carry openly without permit.
Castle Doctrine/Stand Your Ground law?	Yes	Yes	O.R.C. 2901.09
State preemption of local restrictions?	Yes	Yes	O.R.C. 9.68
NFA weapons restricted?	No	No	O.R.C. 2923.17
Shall certify?	Yes	Yes	O.R.C. 311.43	Shall certify within 45 days.
Peaceable Journey laws?	No	No
Background checks required for private sales?	No	No
Duty to inform?	No	Yes	O.R.C. 2923.12 O.R.C. 2923.16
Purchase age restriction?	Yes	Yes	O.R.C. 2923.211(B)	In addition to federal law, state law prohibits sales of handguns to those under 21, including in private transactions.

Oklahoma

Subject/Law	Long Guns	Hand Guns	Relevant Statutes	Notes
State permit required to purchase?	No	No
Firearm registration?	No	No
Assault weapon law?	No	No
Magazine capacity restriction?	No	No
Owner license required?	No	No
Red Flag law?	No	No	§ 21-1289.24c	Oklahoma has an anti-red flag law that bars the state or any political subdivision thereof from enacting laws allowing or mandating the confiscation of firearms from individuals who are not legally prohibited under state and federal law from owning firearms.
Permit required for concealed carry?	N/A	No	§ 21-1272 § 21-1290.5	Oklahoma is a "shall issue" state for citizens and lawful permanent residents who are 21 years or older. Permitless carry took effect on November 1, 2019.
Permit required for open carry?	No	No		May carry openly without permit.
Castle Doctrine/Stand Your Ground law?	Yes	Yes	§ 21-1289.25	"A person who is not engaged in an unlawful activity and who is attacked in any other place where he or she has a right to be has no duty to retreat and has the right to stand his or her ground and meet force with force, including deadly force, if he or she reasonably believes it is necessary to do so to prevent death or great bodily harm to himself or herself or another or to prevent the commission of a forcible felony."
State preemption of local restrictions?	Yes	Yes	§ 21-1289.24	"No municipality or other political subdivision of this state shall adopt any order, ordinance or regulation concerning in any way the sale, purchase, purchase delay, transfer, ownership, use, keeping, possession, carrying, bearing, transportation, licensing, permit, registration, taxation other than sales and compensating use taxes or other controls on firearms, knives, components, ammunition and supplies."
NFA weapons restricted?	No	No
Shall certify?	Yes	Yes	§ 21-1289.30	Shall certify within 15 days.
Peaceable Journey laws?	No	No
Background checks required for private sales?	No	No

Oregon

Subject/Law	Long guns	Handguns	Relevant statutes	Notes
State permit required to purchase?	No	No	---
Firearm registration?	No	No	ORS 166.412(7)(a)	The Oregon State Police maintain a record of firearms sales from FFL holders for a period of 5 years, after which the records are destroyed.
Owner license required?	No	No	---
Minimum age to purchase firearms.	18	21^[118]	ORS 166.470	Oregon law prohibits any person from intentionally selling, delivering, or otherwise transferring any firearm to anyone under 18 years of age (ORS 166.470(1)(a)), except: A parent or guardian, or another person with the consent of the parent or guardian, may transfer a firearm other than a handgun to a minor. (ORS 166.470(3)(a)) The temporary transfer of any firearm to a minor for hunting, target practice, or any other lawful purpose. (ORS 166.470(3)(b))
Minors allowed to possess firearms?	Yes, with exceptions	Yes, with exceptions	ORS 166.250	Minors may: ...possess a firearm other than a handgun if the firearm was transferred to the minor by the minor’s parent or guardian or by another person with the consent of the minor’s parent. ORS 166.250(2)(a)(A) ...not possess a firearm if they are under 18 years of age, and while a minor, committed the equivalent of an adult felony or a misdemeanor involving violence, within four years of being charged with possession. ORS 166.250(1)(c) ...may also possess any firearm temporarily for hunting, target practice, or any other lawful purpose. ORS 166.250(2)(a)(B) ( and ORS 166.470(3)(b); see above)
Modern Sporting Rifle ban?	No	No	---	No Oregon state laws define or regulate Modern Sporting Rifles. Some local counties have adopted Second Amendment sanctuary resolutions regardless.^[119]
License required for concealed carry?	N/A	Yes	ORS 166.291	Oregon is a "shall-issue" state for residents. Technically sheriffs "may issue" licenses to non-residents of contiguous states; however, in practice most county sheriffs either adopt very restrictive criteria for issuance to non-residents or simply refuse to issue licenses. Carrying of a concealed firearm is prohibited by ORS 166.250, however holders of a valid Concealed Handgun License are exempt from this law. (see ORS 166.260). As of 2021, campus carry is left up each university to decide.^[120] Prior to that, a 2011 Oregon Court of Appeals ruling stated that public universities did not have the authority to prohibit firearms on their grounds, but could still prohibit them inside buildings.
License required for open carry?	No	No	Or. Const. Art. I § 27 ORS 166.250(3)	Open carry of firearms is legal statewide without a permit. However, Oregon law allows a city or county to regulate open carry of loaded firearms in public places, but holders of concealed carry permits are exempt. (ORS 166.173) The cities of Portland,^[121] Beaverton,^[122] Tigard,^[123] Oregon City,^[124] Salem,^[125] and Independence,^[126] as well as Multnomah County,^[127] have statutes which do not allow open carry of loaded firearms (unless one has a concealed carry permit).
State preemption of local restrictions?	Yes	Yes	Or. Const. Art. I § 27 ORS 166.170	The authority to regulate the sale, acquisition, transfer, ownership, possession, storage, transportation, or use of firearms or any element relating to firearms and firearm components, including ammunition, is vested solely in the State Legislative Assembly.
NFA weapons restricted?	No	No	ORS 166.272	Possession of NFA restricted firearms and non-firearm items is legal, but owners must comply with the NFA regulations. (ORS 166.272(3))
Peaceable journey laws?	Yes	Yes	---	The State of Oregon recognizes federal law, Title 18 U.S. Code § 926A
Background checks required for private sales?	Yes	Yes	SB941 (2015) at the Wayback Machine (archived November 15, 2017)	Private party firearm transfers must be conducted through a licensed firearm dealer while both parties are present. The dealer is required by federal law to conduct a background check and keep a record of the sale.
Red flag law?	Yes	Yes	Or. Law Chp. 737 (2017)	If a person appears to be in imminent danger of hurting themselves or another person, a police officer or a member of the person's family or household may petition the court for a one-year order that would prohibit the person from possessing a deadly weapon.

Pennsylvania

Subject/Law	Long Guns	Hand Guns	Relevant Statutes	Notes
State permit required to purchase?	No	No
Firearm registration?	No	No	18 Pa.C.S. § 6111.4	All handgun buyers in the state must undergo a PICS check at the point of sale, a record of which is maintained by the state police in a "sales database". However, firearm owners moving to Pennsylvania from another state are not required to register their firearms. As stated in 18 Pa.C.S. § 6111.4: "Notwithstanding any section of this chapter to the contrary, nothing in this chapter shall be construed to allow any government or law enforcement agency or any agent thereof to create, maintain or operate any registry of firearm ownership within this Commonwealth."
Assault weapon law?	No	No
Magazine capacity restriction?	No	No
Owner license required?	No	No
Permit required for concealed carry?	N/A	Yes	18 Pa.C.S. § 6109	Pennsylvania is a "shall issue" state for citizens and lawful permanent residents who are 21 years or older. A License to Carry Firearms is required to carry a firearm concealed on one's person, in a vehicle, or during a declared state of emergency.
Permit required for open carry?	No	No	18 Pa.C.S. § 6107 18 Pa.C.S. § 6108	May carry openly without permit, except LTCF required in Philadelphia (City of the First Class), in a vehicle, or during a declared state of emergency. On May 31, 2019, the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania ruled that carrying a firearm is not reasonable suspicion to detain someone.^[128]
Castle Doctrine/Stand Your Ground law?	Yes	Yes	18 Pa.C.S. § 505	"An actor who is not engaged in a criminal activity, who is not in illegal possession of a firearm...has no duty to retreat and has the right to stand his ground and use force, including deadly force..."
State preemption of local restrictions?	Yes	Yes	18 Pa.C.S. § 6120	"No county, municipality or township may in any manner regulate the lawful ownership, possession, transfer or transportation of firearms, ammunition or ammunition components when carried or transported for purposes not prohibited by the laws of this Commonwealth."
NFA weapons restricted?	No	No
Peaceable Journey laws?	Yes	Yes	18 Pa.C.S. § 6106(b)(11)(14)	Non-residents may carry in a vehicle if in possession of a valid carry permit from any state. Otherwise, federal rules observed.
Background checks required for private sales?	No	Yes	18 Pa.C.S. § 6111(c)	All private party transfers of handguns must be processed through a licensed dealer, or at a county sheriff's office. In either case a background check is required.

Rhode Island

Subject/Law	Long guns	Handguns	Relevant Statutes	Notes
State permit required to purchase?	No	Yes	RI Gen. Stat. 11–47–35	All purchasers of handguns must complete and pass a safety exam managed by the RI Department of Environmental Management, at which time they will receive a DEM issued "blue card" allowing purchase (R.I. Hunter Safety Education card is equivalent). Exempt are active duty military members, active and retired law enforcement officers, correctional officers, and persons licensed to carry a concealed firearm by RI Gen. Stat. 11–47–11.^[129]
Firearm registration?	No	No	RI Gen. Stat. 11–47–41	Explicitly illegal under state law.
Assault weapon law?	No	No	None
Owner license required?	No	No	None
License required for concealed carry?	N/A	Yes	RI Gen. Stat. 11–47–11 RI Gen. Stat. 11–47–18	Rhode Island is a hybrid "shall issue" and "may issue" state for carry. Licenses may be granted either by local authorities or by the state's attorney general's office. Licenses granted by local authorities are "shall issue" while those issued by the attorney general's office are "may issue" under state law. Until recently, most local authorities had been deferring to the attorney general which effectively blocks most issuance, unless one is a retired law enforcement officer. The practice of not issuing permits on a true "shall issue" basis has been the subject of recent litigation. In April 2015, the Rhode Island Supreme Court ruled that a police chief must accept and review carry permit applications and must render a decision and the reasons for that decision. More significantly, the court ruled that the issuing authority must "show cause" for denying an applicant a carry license.^[130] Permits issued by local authorities and the Attorney General's office are valid for concealed carry statewide.
License required for open carry?	No	Yes	RI Gen. Stat. 11–47–18	Open carry of handguns is only expressly permitted for those with a pistol permit issued by the attorney general. Open carry of long guns is not prohibited by law.
Vehicle carry?	No	Yes	RI Gen. Stat. 11–47–8	Permitted with a valid Rhode Island Pistol Permit. Non-residents may carry in a vehicle with a valid concealed carry permit issued by another state while traveling through Rhode Island without any intent to stop while in the state.
Out-of-state permits recognized?	No	Vehicle carry only	RI Gen. Stat. 11–47–8	Non-residents may carry in a vehicle with a valid carry permit issued by another state while traveling through Rhode Island without any intent to stop while in the state.
State preemption of local restrictions?	Yes	Yes	RI Gen. Stat. 11–47–58
Castle Doctrine Law?	Yes	Yes	RI Gen. Stat. 11–8–8	No duty to retreat while in one's home
NFA weapons restricted?	Yes	Yes	RI Gen. Stat. 11–47–8 RI Gen. Stat. 11–47–20	It is a violation of state law to possess any NFA weapon or silencers with the exception of Class III FFLs.
Peaceable Journey laws?	No	Yes	RI Gen. Stat. 11–47–8	One may possess a loaded handgun in a motor vehicle without a RI permit as long as one possesses a carry permit from another state and is merely transiting through Rhode Island without any unnecessary stops. Long guns must be unloaded while in a vehicle. FOPA is observed.
Background checks required for private sales?	Yes	Yes	RI Gen. Stat. 11–47–35 RI Gen. Stat. 11–47–8	For all firearm transfers, the buyer must pass a background check. Exempt are active law enforcement officers and those licensed to carry a concealed firearm by RI Gen. Stat. 11–47–11.
Red flag law?	Yes	Yes		The police may petition the Superior Court to issue an extreme risk protection order if they receive credible information of a significant and imminent risk. A judge may issue a temporary gun-removal order, but a hearing is required within 14 days to determine if a one-year ban on buying or possessing a firearm is warranted. Some localities have adopted Second Amendment sanctuary resolutions in opposition.^[131]
Waiting period?	Yes	Yes	RI Gen. Stat. 11–47–35	After purchasing a firearm, the waiting period before the buyer can take possession is 7 days. Exempt are active law enforcement officers and those licensed to carry a concealed firearm by RI Gen. Stat. 11–47–11.

South Carolina

Subject/Law	Long Guns	Hand Guns	Relevant Statutes	Notes
State permit required to purchase?	No	No
Firearm registration?	No	No
Assault weapon law?	No	No
Magazine capacity restriction?	No	No
Owner license required?	No	No
Permit required for concealed carry?	N/A	Yes	SC Code 23-31-210	South Carolina is a "shall issue" state for citizens and lawful permanent residents who are 21 years or older.
Permit required for open carry?	No	Yes	SC Code 16-23-20	Open carry of long guns is allowed without a permit. Open carry of a handgun is allowed by individuals with a concealed weapon permit.
Castle Doctrine/Stand Your Ground law?	Yes	Yes	SC Code 16-11-440
State preemption of local restrictions?	Yes	Yes	SC Code 23-31-510 SC Code 23-31-520	"No governing body of any county, municipality, or other political subdivision in the State may enact or promulgate any regulation or ordinance that regulates or attempts to regulate: (1) the transfer, ownership, possession, carrying, transportation, ammunition, components, or any combination of these things..."
NFA weapons restricted?	No	No
Peaceable Journey laws?	No	No
Background checks required for private sales?	No	No
Duty to inform?	No	Yes	SC Code 23-31-215

South Dakota

Subject/Law	Long Guns	Hand Guns	Relevant Statutes	Notes
State permit required to purchase?	No	No		South Dakota law provides for a Gold Card permit that allows people to skip the NICS check but it is not required to purchase firearms. It is also equivalent to a regular carry permit in terms of reciprocity.
Firearm registration?	No	No
Assault weapon law?	No	No
Magazine capacity restriction?	No	No
Owner license required?	No	No
Permit required for concealed carry?	N/A	No	SD 23-7-7	South Dakota is a "shall issue" state for citizens and lawful permanent residents who are 18 years or older. Enhanced permits are issued to those 21 or older, and regular permits are issued to those 18 or older. Permitless carry took effect on July 1, 2019.
Permit required for open carry?	No	No
Castle Doctrine/Stand Your Ground law?	Yes	Yes	SD 22-18-4	"A person who uses or threatens to use force in accordance with this section does not have a duty to retreat before using or threatening to use force."
State preemption of local restrictions?	Yes	Yes	SD 7-18A-36 SD 8-5-13 SD 9-19-20	No county, township, or municipality "may pass an ordinance that restricts or prohibits, or imposes any tax, licensure requirement, or licensure fee on the possession, storage, transportation, purchase, sale, transfer, ownership, manufacture, or repair of firearms or ammunition or their components."
NFA weapons restricted?	No	No
Peaceable Journey laws?	No	No
Background checks required for private sales?	No	No

Tennessee

Subject/Law	Long Guns	Hand Guns	Relevant Statutes	Notes
State permit required to purchase?	No	No
Firearm registration?	No	No
Assault weapon law?	No	No
Magazine capacity restriction?	No	No
Owner license required?	No	No
Permit required for concealed carry?	N/A	No	T.C.A. § 39-17-1307 T.C.A. § 39-17-1308 T.C.A. § 39-17-1351 T.C.A. § 39-17-1366	Tennessee is a "shall issue" state for citizens and lawful permanent residents who are 21 years or older. Concealed and Enhanced permits are issued. Enhanced permits are issued to those who complete a training course. Permitless carry took effect on July 1, 2021.
Permit required for open carry?	N/A	No	T.C.A. § 39-17-1307 T.C.A. § 39-17-1308	May carry handguns loaded openly without permit. Long guns may only be carried unloaded.
Castle Doctrine/Stand Your Ground law?	Yes	Yes	T.C.A. § 39-11-611
State preemption of local restrictions?	Yes	Yes	T.C.A. § 39-17-1314 T.C.A. § 39-17-1359	Local governments may post signs to prohibit carry on government property. Local governments may not, however, prohibit firearms in locally owned/operated parks and other recreational areas.
NFA weapons restricted?	No	No
Shall certify?	Yes	Yes	T.C.A. § 39-17-1361	Shall certify within 15 days.
Peaceable Journey laws?	No	No
Background checks required for private sales?	No	No

Texas

Subject/Law	Long Guns	Hand Guns	Relevant Statutes	Notes
State permit required to purchase?	No	No
Firearm registration?	No	No
Assault weapon law?	No	No
Magazine capacity restriction?	No	No
Owner license required?	No	No
Permit required for concealed carry?	N/A	No	Tex. Government Code § 411.172 Tex. Penal Code § 46.02	Texas is a "shall issue" state for citizens and lawful permanent residents who are 21 years or older. Permitless carry took effect on September 1, 2021.
Permit required for open carry?	No	No	Tex. Penal Code § 42.01(a)(8) Tex. Penal Code § 46.02	Handguns must be carried in a holster. Open carry on college campuses is prohibited. Permitless carry took effect on September 1, 2021.
Campus carry?	No	Yes	Tex. Government Code § 411.2031 Tex. Penal Code § 46.03	May carry in parking lots, parking garages, outdoor walkways on campus. Public four-year universities (as of August 1, 2016) and public two-year colleges (as of August 1, 2017) must allow concealed carry in campus buildings as well. Universities will be allowed to designate certain sensitive areas as "gun free zones"; these will be subject to legislative analysis.
Castle Doctrine/Stand Your Ground law?	Yes	Yes	Tex. Penal Code § 9.32
State preemption of local restrictions?	Yes	Yes	Tex. Government Code § 411.209 Tex. Local Government Code § 229.001 Tex. Local Government Code § 236.002
NFA weapons restricted?	No	No	Tex. Penal Code § 46.05
Peaceable Journey laws?	Yes	Yes	Tex. Penal Code § 46.02(a)(2) Tex. Penal Code § 46.15(b)(2)
Background checks required for private sales?	No	No
Duty to inform?	No	Yes	Tex. Government Code § 411.205

Utah

Subject/Law	Long Guns	Hand Guns	Relevant Statutes	Notes
State permit required to purchase?	No	No
Firearm registration?	No	No
Assault weapon law?	No	No
Magazine capacity restriction?	No	No
Owner license required?	No	No
Permit required for concealed carry?	N/A	No	UT Code § 53-05-704 UT Code § 76-10-504 UT Code § 76-10-523(5)	Utah is a "shall issue" state for citizens and lawful permanent residents who are 18 years or older. Regular permits are issued to those 21 or older, and Provisional permits are issued to those 18 to 21. Permitless carry took effect on May 5, 2021.
Permit required for open carry?	No	No	UT Code § 76-10-502 UT Code § 76-10-505 UT Code § 76-10-523(5)	May carry openly without permit if 21 or older. For those 18 to 21: Open carry of a loaded firearm (e.g., a live round of ammunition in the firing chamber) is allowed with a permit. Open carry of firearm without a permit is allowed as long as the gun is at least two actions from being fired, e.g. 1) rack the slide to chamber, and 2) pull the trigger; or must carry with no bullet in the next chamber in a revolver, so have to pull the trigger twice to fire.
Castle Doctrine law?	Yes	Yes	UT Code § 76-2-405	Force in defense of habitation. "(1) A person is justified in using force against another when and to the extent that he reasonably believes that the force is necessary to prevent or terminate the other's unlawful entry into or attack upon his habitation; however, he is justified in the use of force which is intended or likely to cause death or serious bodily injury only if: (a) the entry is made or attempted in a violent and tumultuous manner, surreptitiously, or by stealth, and he reasonably believes that the entry is attempted or made for the purpose of assaulting or offering personal violence to any person, dwelling, or being in the habitation and he reasonably believes that the force is necessary to prevent the assault or offer of personal violence; or (b) he reasonably believes that the entry is made or attempted for the purpose of committing a felony in the habitation and that the force is necessary to prevent the commission of the felony. (2) The person using force or deadly force in defense of habitation is presumed for the purpose of both civil and criminal cases to have acted reasonably and had a reasonable fear of imminent peril of death or serious bodily injury if the entry or attempted entry is unlawful and is made or attempted by use of force, or in a violent and tumultuous manner, or surreptitiously or by stealth, or for the purpose of committing a felony."
Stand Your Ground law?	Yes	Yes	UT Code § 76-2-402	Force in defense of person – Forcible felony defined. "(1) (a) A person is justified in threatening or using force against another when and to the extent that the person reasonably believes that force or a threat of force is necessary to defend the person or a third person against another person's imminent use of unlawful force. (b) A person is justified in using force intended or likely to cause death or serious bodily injury only if the person reasonably believes that force is necessary to prevent death or serious bodily injury to the person or a third person as a result of another person's imminent use of unlawful force, or to prevent the commission of a forcible felony."
State preemption of local restrictions?	Yes	Yes	UT Code § 53-5a-102 UT Code § 76-10-500
NFA weapons restricted?	No	No
Shall certify?	Yes	Yes	UT Code § 53-5a-104	Shall certify within 15 days.
Peaceable Journey laws?	Yes	Yes	UT Code § 76-10-523(4)
Background checks required for private sales?	No	No

Vermont

Subject/Law	Long guns	Handguns	Relevant Statutes	Notes
State permit required to purchase?	No	No		Must be 21 to purchase any firearm. May purchase long guns at 16 if purchasing from someone other than a federally licensed firearm dealer and the purchaser presents a certificate of completion of a hunter safety course approved by the Vermont Commissioner of Fish and Wildlife.^[132]
Firearm registration?	No	No
Assault weapon law?	No	No
Magazine restriction?	Yes	Yes		A gun control bill, passed on March 30, 2018, bans sale or possession of magazines of more than 10 rounds for long guns and 15 rounds for pistols.^[133] It was signed by Governor Scott on April 11. Previously owned high capacity magazines are grandfathered.
Owner license required?	No	No
Permit required for concealed carry?	N/A	No	Vermont Firearm Laws	May carry open or concealed without permit as long as one is a citizen of the U.S. or a lawfully admitted alien, and not otherwise prohibited from possessing firearms under state or federal law.
Permit required for open carry?	No	No
State preemption of local restrictions?	Yes	Yes	24 V.S.A. § 2295
NFA weapons restricted?	No	No		Vermont legalized suppressors on June 17, 2015.^[134]
Background checks required for private sales?	Yes	Yes		^[135]
Red flag law?	Yes	Yes		^[135]

Virginia

Subject/Law	Long Guns	Handguns	Relevant Statutes	Notes
State permit required to purchase?	No	No
Firearm registration?	No	No	§ 18.2-295	Fully automatic firearms (machine guns) are required to be registered with the state police.
Owner license required?	No	No		Proof of age and citizenship required for the purchase of firearms.
Permit required for concealed carry?	N/A	Yes	§ 18.2-308	Virginia is a "shall issue" state for concealed carry. Permits are issued to residents and non-residents. As of January 1, 2021, the option of obtaining training via an electronic, video or online course will be removed.^[136] In a vehicle, a firearm is exempt from the requirement for a concealed carry permit if the firearm is "properly secured in a container or compartment within the vehicle" (ie glove box, center console, trunk, etc). The container/compartment does not have to be locked, the firearm may be within the reach of the driver or a passenger, and the firearm may be loaded.^[137] This does not preempt an employer from prohibiting firearms "at a place of employment if there is a company policy or signage prohibiting firearms on the premises."^[138] Furthermore, a "county or city may by ordinance make it unlawful for any person to transport, possess or carry a loaded shotgun or loaded rifle in any vehicle on any public street, road, or highway within such locality." However, this does not "apply to duly authorized law-enforcement officers or military personnel in the performance of their lawful duties, nor to any person who reasonably believes that a loaded rifle or shotgun is necessary for his personal safety in the course of his employment or business."
Permit required for open carry?	No	No	§ 15.2-915.2 § 18.2-287.4 § 18.2-282	Open carry is generally allowed without a permit for people 18 years of age and older. The following cities and counties have exceptions that disallow the open carry of a loaded semi-automatic center-fire rifle or pistol that expels single or multiple projectiles by action of an explosion of a combustible material and is equipped at the time of the offense with a magazine that will hold more than 20 rounds of ammunition or designed by the manufacturer to accommodate a silencer or equipped with a folding stock or shotguns equipped with a magazine that holds more than 7 rounds: the Cities of Alexandria, Chesapeake, Fairfax, Falls Church, Newport News, Norfolk, Richmond, and Virginia Beach and in the Counties of Arlington, Fairfax, Henrico, Loudoun, and Prince William. These restrictions do not apply to valid concealed carry permit holders. Stated differently, one may open carry an assault weapon/shotgun with more than 7 rounds with a permit in the aforementioned locations, but do not need a permit to do so in any other locality in Virginia. In a vehicle, a firearm may be considered "openly carried" if the firearm is openly visible, though this is not as well established as the "secured in a container/compartment" rule mentioned above.
State preemption of local restrictions?	Yes	Yes	§ 15.2-915	Virginia has state preemption for most but not all firearm laws. As of July 1, 2020, local governments have expanded power to ban firearms in certain sensitive areas, such as government buildings and public events.^[139]
Assault weapon law?	Yes	Yes	§ 18.2-308.2:2 § 18.2-308.2:01 § 18.2-308.7	Proof of age (18+ for long arms, 21+ for pistols) and proof of citizenship (or permanent residence license) are required for the purchase of "assault weapons". "Assault weapons" are defined as a semi-automatic, centerfire, firearm equipped with a folding stock, or equipped at the time with a magazine capable of holding more than 20 rounds, or capable of accommodating a silencer/suppressor.
Magazine restriction?	No	No	§ 18.2-287.4 § 18.2-282.	Magazines capable of holding more than 20 rounds are legal but, they make the firearm an "assault weapon", subject to law accordingly.
NFA weapons restricted?	No	No	§ 18.2-308.8 § 18.2-308.5 § 18.2-295	Fully automatic firearms (machine guns) must be registered with the state police. Plastic firearms and some destructive devices (such as the striker 12 shotgun) are prohibited outside law enforcement. SBS, SBR, AOWs, and suppressors are legal with NFA paperwork.
Background checks required for private sales?	Yes	Yes	18.2-308.2:5	As of July 1, 2020, firearms sellers, with some exceptions, must obtain criminal history information from the Virginia State Police to determine if a firearm buyer is permitted, under applicable state and federal law, to purchase or possess firearms. Notably, the law does not apply to transfers of firearms in which nothing of value is exchanged for the firearm.^[140]^[141] The penalty for noncompliance with the law is a Class 1 misdemeanor. In Virginia, Class 1 misdemeanors are punishable by up to 1 year in jail and a $2,500 fine.^[142]
Red flag law?	Yes	Yes		A judge can issue an Extreme Risk Protective Order, enabling the police to temporarily confiscate the firearms of a person deemed to be at high risk of harming themselves or others.^[143]

Washington

Subject/Law	Long guns	Handguns	Revised Code of Washington	Notes
State permit required to purchase?	Partial	No		Must be 21 to purchase a pistol or semiautomatic rifle; Starting July 1st, 2019 purchase of a semiautomatic rifle will require that the purchaser provides proof that they have completed a recognized firearm safety training program in the last five years.^[144]
Firearm registration?	Partial	Partial	RCW 09.41.110(9)(a) and (b)	Retail dealers must record and report all retail pistol sales to local police/sheriff and to state department of licensing, and must record and report all semiautomatic rifle sales after July 1st, 2019.^[145]
Owner license required?	No	No
Constitutional Right to Bear Arms?	Yes	Yes	WA Constitution art. 1 sec. 24
Permit required for concealed carry?	N/A	Yes	RCW 09.41.050 CCW Reciprocity	Washington is a "shall-issue" state and will grant concealed carry permits to all applicants who meet the criteria. There are no training requirements.
Permit required for open carry?	No	No	RCW 09.41.050 (in vehicle)	Open carry is lawful in Washington without any permit. Open carry of a loaded handgun in a vehicle is legal only with a concealed pistol license. Open carry of a loaded long gun in a vehicle is illegal, regardless of CPL possession. On January 31, 2019, the Washington Court of Appeals ruled that the mere possession of a handgun is not sufficient for conducting a Terry stop.^[146]
State Preemption of local restrictions?	Yes	Yes	RCW 09.41.290 RCW 09.41.300	State law does not allow more restrictive local laws. Seattle and Edmonds have passed ordinances mandating safe storage of firearms when not being carried or used. Seattle's ordinance also has reporting requirement for lost or stolen firearms within 24 hours. Both cities are being sued for violation of state preemption.^[147]^[148] Edmonds had its ordinance struck down in October 2019.^[149]
Assault weapons law?	Yes	Yes		Sale of defined assault rifles limited to non-prohibited persons age 21 years or older and subject to a 10-day waiting period. Additionally, I-1639 was passed by voters in November 2018, redefining all semiautomatic rifles as "semiautomatic assault rifles." Some local counties have adopted Second Amendment sanctuary resolutions in opposition.^[150]
Magazine capacity restrictions?	Yes	Yes		As of July 1, 2022, the manufacture, distribution, and sale of magazines that have a capacity of over 10 rounds are prohibited. The possession of such magazines, however, is not restricted.
NFA weapons restricted?	Partial	Partial	RCW 09.41.190 RCW 09.41.220 RCW 09.41.225 RCW 09.41.250(1)(c)	Machine guns and short-barreled shotguns—unless purchased before July 1, 1994—are illegal for non-law-enforcement possession. Suppressors, destructive devices and any other weapons are lawful to possess and use if registered properly with ATF. Short barreled rifles are lawful to possess and use if registered properly with the ATF, as of June 12, 2014.^[151]
Peaceable Journey laws?	No	No	RCW 09.41.050 RCW 09.41.060 18 USC § 926A CCW Reciprocity	Federal travel-with-a-firearm laws apply. Some out-of-state CCW licenses valid, otherwise carry must be open or, in a vehicle, unloaded.
Castle Doctrine / Stand your ground law?	Not defined - de facto		RCW 9A.16.050, RCW 9A.16.110	The Washington State Supreme Court ruled "that there is no duty to retreat when a person is assaulted in a place where he or she has a right to be."^[152]^[153]
Background checks required for private sales?	Yes	Yes	Initiative 594 (2014)	Private party firearm transfers must be conducted through a licensed dealer, who is required by federal law to conduct a background check and keep a record of the sale, unless one of the specifically enumerated exceptions in RCW 9.41.113.^[154]
Red flag law?	Yes	Yes		The police may temporarily take guns away from people a judge deems a threat to themselves or others without notice to the defendant. If the defendant does not appear to request the restrictions be lifted, they will remain in place.^[155]

West Virginia

Subject/Law	Long Guns	Hand Guns	Relevant Statutes	Notes
State permit required to purchase?	No	No
Firearm registration?	No	No
Assault weapon law?	No	No
Magazine capacity restriction?	No	No
Owner license required?	No	No
Permit required for concealed carry?	N/A	No	§ 61-7-4 § 61-7-7	West Virginia is a "shall issue" state for citizens and lawful permanent residents who are 18 years or older. Regular permits are issued to those 21 or older, and Provisional permits are issued to those 18 to 21. Permitless carry took effect on May 24, 2016.
Permit required for open carry?	No	No		May carry openly without permit.
Castle Doctrine/Stand Your Ground law?	Yes	Yes	§ 55-7-22
State preemption of local restrictions?	Yes	Yes	§ 8-12-5a	"Neither a municipality nor the governing body of any municipality may, by ordinance or otherwise, limit the right of any person to purchase, possess, transfer, own, carry, transport, sell, or store any deadly weapon, firearm, or pepper spray, or any ammunition or ammunition components to be used therewith nor to so regulate the keeping of gunpowder so as to directly or indirectly prohibit the ownership of the ammunition in any manner inconsistent with or in conflict with state law."
NFA weapons restricted?	No	No
Shall certify?	Yes	Yes	§ 61-7-16	Shall certify within 30 days.
Peaceable Journey laws?	No	No
Background checks required for private sales?	No	No

Wisconsin

Subject/Law	Long Guns	Hand Guns	Relevant Statutes	Notes
State permit required to purchase?	No	Yes	Wis. Stat. § 175.35	A purchaser is prohibited from receiving a handgun from a FFL dealer until they’ve been approved through the state de-facto permitting scheme which is to pay a State background check fee to the state DOJ for it to conduct an additional background check (over and above the Federal 4473).
Firearm registration?	No	No
Assault weapon law?	No	No
Magazine capacity restriction?	No	No
Owner license required?	No	No
Permit required for concealed carry?	N/A	Yes	Wis. Stat. § 175.60 Wis. Stat. § 941.23	Wisconsin is a "shall issue" state for citizens and lawful permanent residents who are 21 years or older.
Permit required for open carry?	No	No	Wis. Stat. § 947.01	May carry openly without permit.
Castle Doctrine/Stand Your Ground law?	Yes	Yes	Wis. Stat. § 895.62 Wis. Stat. § 939.48
State preemption of local restrictions?	Yes	Yes	Wis. Stat. § 66.0409
NFA weapons restricted?	No	No	Wis. Stat. § 941.27	Machine guns may not shoot pistol cartridges and may not be possessed aggressively or offensively.
Peaceable Journey laws?	No	No	Wis. Stat. § 167.31
Background checks required for private sales?	No	No

Wyoming

Subject/Law	Long Guns	Hand Guns	Relevant Statutes	Notes
State permit required to purchase?	No	No
Firearm registration?	No	No
Assault weapon law?	No	No
Magazine capacity restriction?	No	No
Owner license required?	No	No
Permit required for concealed carry?	N/A	No	W.S. § 6-8-104	Wyoming is a "shall issue" state for citizens and permanent lawful residents who are 21 years or older. Residents of states that have reciprocity with Wyoming and who possess a permit can also apply for a Wyoming permit. Permitless carry took effect on July 1, 2011.
Permit required for open carry?	No	No		May carry openly without permit.
Castle Doctrine/Stand Your Ground law?	Yes	Yes	W.S. § 6-2-602	"A person who is attacked in any place where the person is lawfully present shall not have a duty to retreat before using reasonable defensive force pursuant to subsection (a) of this section provided that he is not the initial aggressor and is not engaged in illegal activity."
State preemption of local restrictions?	Yes	Yes	W.S. § 6-8-401	"Except as authorized by W.S. 15-1-103(a)(xviii) and 21-3-132, no city, town, county, political subdivision or any other entity shall authorize, regulate or prohibit the sale, transfer, purchase, delivery, taxation, manufacture, ownership, transportation, storage, use, carrying or possession of firearms, weapons, accessories, components or ammunition except as specifically provided by this chapter. This section shall not affect zoning or other ordinances which encompass firearms businesses along with other businesses. Zoning and other ordinances which are designed for the purpose of restricting or prohibiting the sale, purchase, transfer or manufacture of firearms or ammunition as a method of regulating firearms or ammunition are in conflict with this section and are prohibited."
NFA weapons restricted?	No	No	W.S. §§ 6-8-402 to 6-8-406	Wyoming Firearms Freedom Act, passed in 2010, prohibits any government servant from enforcing the NFA if a personal firearm, a firearm accessory, or ammunition is owned or manufactured commercially or privately in Wyoming and remains within the borders of Wyoming. A firearm manufactured in Wyoming must have the words "made in Wyoming" clearly stamped on a central metallic part, such as the receiver or frame. While federal enforcement is still possible, the law penalizes federal agents from enforcing such laws.^[156]
Background checks required for private sales?	No	No

United States Territories

American Samoa

Subject/Law	Long guns	Handguns	Notes
Permit required to purchase?	Yes	N/A	A license is required to possess or import long guns or ammunition. Handguns are prohibited for civilian possession despite D.C. v Heller and McDonald v Chicago.
Firearm registration?	Yes	Yes	All firearms must be registered with the American Samoa Public Safety Department.
Assault weapon law?	No	No	All handguns and centerfire firearms banned; Only 12, 16, 20 and 410 gauge shotguns and shotgun shells and 22 caliber rifles and their ammunitions are allowed
Magazine capacity restriction?	No	No
Concealed carry allowed?	N/A	No	Concealed carry is illegal.
License required for open carry?	Yes	Yes	Open carry is legal for holders of a valid License to Possess which are required to purchase and possess firearms;^[157] though Licenses to Possess have been restricted to only shotguns and rimfire rifles since 1991, effectively banning handguns.^[158] Licenses issued for handguns and other firearms prior to 1991 are grandfathered as long as they remain valid.^[159]
NFA weapons restricted?	Yes	Yes	Explosive weapons, machine guns, gas guns, short barreled rifles, short barreled shotguns, and silencers are prohibited.^[160]
Peaceable journey laws?	No	No	Federal law (FOPA) applies.

Guam

Subject/Law	Long guns	Handguns	Relevant Statutes	Notes
Permit required to purchase?	Yes	Yes	60103, 60106	FOID required.
Owner License Required	Yes	Yes	60106
Firearm registration?	Yes	Yes	60110
License required for concealed carry?	N/A	Yes	60109	Shall Issue. Bill 296-32 passed by legislature for shall issue,^[161] signed by Governor.^[162]
License required for open carry?	Yes	Yes		FOID required.^[163]
Assault weapon law	No	No
Magazine capacity restriction?	No	No
NFA weapons restricted?	Yes	Yes		SBR, SBS, Machine guns, and silencers are prohibited. Destructive devices and AOW's are legal with NFA tax stamp.
Castle law	Yes^[164]

Northern Mariana Islands

Subject/law	Long guns	Handguns	Notes
Permit required to purchase?	Yes	Yes	A license is required to purchase guns or ammunition.
Firearm registration?	No	No	Registration of firearms has been ruled unconstitutional.^[165]^[166]
Assault weapon law?	No	No	Ban on assault weapons was ruled unconstitutional.^[165]^[166]
Magazine capacity restriction?	Yes*	Yes*	No magazines over 10 rounds. The Attorney General's Office has allowed the US Postal Service in the CNMI to issue standard capacity magazines which hold more than 10 rounds. ^[167]
License required for concealed carry?	—	No	Concealed carry is banned.
License required for open carry?	—	No	The general ban on carrying operable firearms in public was ruled unconstitutional. Lawful gun owners may carry loaded handguns openly as long as other laws are not violated, such as gun-free zones.^[165]^[166]
NFA weapons restricted?	Yes	Yes	Short barreled shotguns, short barreled rifles, machine guns, suppressors, and grenade launchers are prohibited.
Peaceable journey laws?	No	No	Federal law (FOPA) applies.

Puerto Rico

Subject/law	Long guns	Handguns	Notes
Permit required to purchase?	No	No	Permit is required to take possession of, but not purchase, a firearm in Puerto Rico.
Firearm registration?	Yes	Yes
Assault weapon law?	No	No
Magazine capacity restriction?	No	No
Owner license required?	Yes	Yes	As of January 1, 2020, the owner license and carry license are the same.^[168]
Permit required for concealed carry?	Yes	Yes	As of January 1, 2020, shall-issue.^[168] Previously may-Issue according to law, but permits were rarely granted to ordinary citizens. Unrestricted concealed carry was technically allowed from June 20, 2015 to October 31, 2016 following a lawsuit challenging Puerto Rico's restrictive gun laws. The lower court ruling striking down many of the territory's laws was appealed by the government to the appeals court, which reversed the lower court's decision. The Puerto Rico Supreme Court declined to hear the appeal of the appeals court ruling from the plaintiffs in the case, effectively restoring Puerto Rico's restrictive permitting policy for concealed carry.^[169]
Open carry allowed?	No	No	Permitless open carry was technically allowed from June 20, 2015, to November 16, 2016, following a lawsuit challenging Puerto Rico's restrictive gun laws. The lower court ruling striking down many of the territory's laws was appealed by the territorial government to the appeals court, which reversed the lower court's decision on November 16, 2016. The Puerto Rico Supreme Court has declined to hear the appeal of the appeals court ruling from the plaintiffs in the case, effectively restoring Puerto Rico's ban on open carry.
NFA weapons restricted?	Yes	Yes
Peaceable journey laws?	Yes	No	Federal law (FOPA) applies.
Background checks required for private sales?	Yes	Yes

U.S. Virgin Islands

Subject/Law	Long guns	Handguns	Notes
Permit required to purchase?	Yes	Yes	A license is required to purchase any firearm or ammunition.
Firearm registration?	Yes	Yes	All firearms must be registered with the Virgin Islands Police Department.
Assault weapon law?	Yes	Yes	Assault weapons and .50 BMG rifles prohibited.
Magazine capacity restriction?	Yes	Yes
License required for concealed carry?	N/A	Yes	The territory currently has a "may issue" policy for concealed carry permits. To obtain one, the applicant must meet a stringent set of requirements, so few people receive permits.
Open carry allowed?	No	No	Open carry is prohibited.
NFA weapons restricted?	Yes	Yes	Automatic firearms and short barreled shotguns are prohibited.
Peaceable journey laws?	No	No	Federal law (FOPA) applies.

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^ City of Beaverton Charter, Chapter 5.08.240.
^ City of Tigard Municipal Code, 7.32.125.
^ Oregon City Code of Ordinances, 9.24.020.
^ Salem Revised Code, 95.095.
^ Independence Code of Ordinances, Sec. 18-231(b).
^ Multnomah County Ordinance No. 1203, 15.064.
^ Prince, Joshua; Esq. (May 31, 2019). "MONUMENTAL Decision from the Pennsylvania Supreme Court regarding whether the Open Carrying of a Firearm is Reasonable Suspicion of a Crime". Prince Law Offices Blog. Retrieved May 31, 2019.
^ "11-47-35.1". www.rilin.state.ri.us. Retrieved December 21, 2017.
^ "Gadomski v. Tavares", FindLaw. Retrieved September 6, 2015.
^ Mooney, Tom. "Hopkinton joins Burrillville as a sanctuary for gun rights". providencejournal.com. Retrieved June 2, 2019.
^ "Minimum Age to Purchase & Possess". Giffords Law Center to Prevent Gun Violence. Retrieved January 11, 2020.
"Minimum Age to Purchase & Possess in Vermont". Giffords Law Center to Prevent Gun Violence. November 1, 2019. Retrieved January 11, 2020.
The age to purchase a long gun from a federally licensed firearm dealer is 18, 21 for hand guns.
^ Bidgood, Jess (March 30, 2018). "Vermont Legislature Passes Sweeping Gun Restrictions". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved April 2, 2018.
^ "H.5 (Act 61): An act relating to hunting, fishing, and trapping". Archived from the original on June 25, 2015. Retrieved June 25, 2015.
^ ^a ^b Crow, Jack (April 12, 2018). "Vermont Governor Signs State's First Significant Gun-Control Laws". National Review. Retrieved April 13, 2018.
^ "Virginia SB263 2020 Regular Session". LegiScan. Retrieved June 21, 2020.
^ "Concealed or Contained?". www.radford.edu. Retrieved January 31, 2019.
^ "Attorney General Opinion" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on September 24, 2015.
^ "Virginia SB35 2020 Regular Session". LegiScan. Retrieved June 21, 2020.
^ "LIS > Bill Tracking > HB2 > 2020 session". lis.virginia.gov. Retrieved June 21, 2020.
^ "Gov. Northam-backed gun control bills pass in Virginia". AP NEWS. February 28, 2020. Retrieved June 21, 2020.
^ "§ 18.2-11. Punishment for conviction of misdemeanor". Virginia's Legislative Information System. Retrieved November 22, 2020.
^ "Virginia SB240 2020 Regular Session". LegiScan. Retrieved June 21, 2020.
^ "I-1639" (PDF). Sos.wa.gov.
^ "RCW 9.41.129: Recordkeeping requirements. (Effective until July 1, 2019.)". apps.leg.wa.gov. Retrieved April 27, 2019.
^ Volokh, Eugene (February 1, 2019). "Second and Fourth Amendments - Volokh Conspiracy". Reason.com. Retrieved February 7, 2019.
^ "NRA-ILA Washington: NRA and SAF File Lawsuit Against City of Seattle". NRA-ILA. Retrieved August 11, 2018.
^ "NRA-ILA Washington: NRA and SAF File Lawsuit Against City of Edmonds". NRA-ILA. Retrieved August 11, 2018.
^ "Snohomish County judge rules against Edmonds gun storage law". MyNorthwest.com. October 22, 2019. Retrieved November 4, 2019.
^ Wilson, Jason (February 22, 2019). "Washington state: at least 20 county sheriffs refuse to enforce new gun laws". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved March 9, 2019.
^ Salerno, Christina (March 7, 2014). "Legislature OKs Short-Barreled Rifles", TVW. Retrieved August 16, 2014.
^ 137 Wn.2d 533 State of Washington v. Studd; Decided 1999/04/01.
^ 150 Wn.2d 489 State of Washington v. Reynaldo Redmond; Decided 2003/12/06.
^ "RCW 9.41.113: Firearm sales or transfers—Background checks—Requirements—Exceptions. (Effective until July 1, 2019.)". app.leg.wa.gov. Retrieved April 27, 2019.
^ "Chapter 7.94 RCW: EXTREME RISK PROTECTION ORDER ACT". app.leg.wa.gov. Retrieved April 27, 2019.
^ "HB0095 – Wyoming Firearms Freedom Act-2". www.wyoleg.gov. Retrieved June 5, 2019.
^ "46.4203 Unlawful use of weapons". www.asbar.org.
^ "46.4221 License-Required when". www.asbar.org.
^ "46.4229 Sales to persons without licenses-Grandfather clause". www.asbar.org.
^ "State Laws and Published Ordinances – Firearms (31st Edition: 2010 – 2011)". Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives. Retrieved January 29, 2017.
^ "Senators make more changes to concealed carry bill Pacific Daily News guampdn.com". guampdn.com. Retrieved May 12, 2014.
^ "Governor signs 12 bills, vetoes 2". www.kuam.com. Retrieved March 15, 2016.
^ "Guam". handgunlaw.us. Retrieved 2014-05-12.
^ "Castle Doctrine bill passed, allowing residents to protect themselves". kuam.com. February 3, 2014. Retrieved May 12, 2014.
^ ^a ^b ^c Bagnol, Raquel C. (September 30, 2016). "US court: $1,000 tax on handguns unconstitutional". Marianas Variety. Retrieved October 2, 2016.
^ ^a ^b ^c "Murphy v. Guerrero" (PDF).
^ "Northern Mariana Islands" (PDF). Handgunlaw.us. Retrieved August 7, 2014.
^ ^a ^b "Translation Shows the Full Benefits of Puerto Rico's New Gun Laws". The Truth About Guns. December 18, 2019. Retrieved February 5, 2020.
^ "Tribunal Supremo reitera constitucionalidad de la Ley de Armas" ("Supreme Court reaffirms constitutionality of the Firearms Law"), Noticel. Retrieved November 16, 2016.

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[12] "California Penal Code Section 11106", Onecle. Retrieved December 10, 2016. "(2) The registry shall consist of all of the following ... (A) The name, address, identification of, place of birth (state or country), complete telephone number, occupation, sex, description, and all legal names and aliases ever used by the owner or person being loaned the particular firearm as listed on the information provided to the department on the Dealers Record of Sale... (B) The name and address of, and other information about, any person (whether a dealer or a private party) from whom the owner acquired or the person being loaned the particular firearm and when the firearm was acquired or loaned as listed on the information provided to the department on the Dealers Record of Sale...(D) The manufacturer's name if stamped on the firearm, model name or number if stamped on the firearm, and, if applicable, the serial number, other number (if more than one serial number is stamped on the firearm), caliber, type of firearm, if the firearm is new or used, barrel length, and color of the firearm, or, if the firearm is not a handgun and does not have a serial number or any identification number or mark assigned to it, that shall be noted."

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[Salem-125] Salem Revised Code, 95.095.

[Independence-126] Independence Code of Ordinances, Sec. 18-231(b).

[Multnomah-127] Multnomah County Ordinance No. 1203, 15.064.

[128] Prince, Joshua; Esq. (May 31, 2019). "MONUMENTAL Decision from the Pennsylvania Supreme Court regarding whether the Open Carrying of a Firearm is Reasonable Suspicion of a Crime". Prince Law Offices Blog. Retrieved May 31, 2019.

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[134] "H.5 (Act 61): An act relating to hunting, fishing, and trapping". Archived from the original on June 25, 2015. Retrieved June 25, 2015.

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[136] "Virginia SB263 2020 Regular Session". LegiScan. Retrieved June 21, 2020.

[137] "Concealed or Contained?". www.radford.edu. Retrieved January 31, 2019.

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[143] "Virginia SB240 2020 Regular Session". LegiScan. Retrieved June 21, 2020.

[144] "I-1639" (PDF). Sos.wa.gov.

[145] "RCW 9.41.129: Recordkeeping requirements. (Effective until July 1, 2019.)". apps.leg.wa.gov. Retrieved April 27, 2019.

[146] Volokh, Eugene (February 1, 2019). "Second and Fourth Amendments - Volokh Conspiracy". Reason.com. Retrieved February 7, 2019.

[147] "NRA-ILA Washington: NRA and SAF File Lawsuit Against City of Seattle". NRA-ILA. Retrieved August 11, 2018.

[148] "NRA-ILA Washington: NRA and SAF File Lawsuit Against City of Edmonds". NRA-ILA. Retrieved August 11, 2018.

[149] "Snohomish County judge rules against Edmonds gun storage law". MyNorthwest.com. October 22, 2019. Retrieved November 4, 2019.

[WASheriffs-150] Wilson, Jason (February 22, 2019). "Washington state: at least 20 county sheriffs refuse to enforce new gun laws". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved March 9, 2019.

[151] Salerno, Christina (March 7, 2014). "Legislature OKs Short-Barreled Rifles", TVW. Retrieved August 16, 2014.

[152] 137 Wn.2d 533 State of Washington v. Studd; Decided 1999/04/01.

[153] 150 Wn.2d 489 State of Washington v. Reynaldo Redmond; Decided 2003/12/06.

[154] "RCW 9.41.113: Firearm sales or transfers—Background checks—Requirements—Exceptions. (Effective until July 1, 2019.)". app.leg.wa.gov. Retrieved April 27, 2019.

[155] "Chapter 7.94 RCW: EXTREME RISK PROTECTION ORDER ACT". app.leg.wa.gov. Retrieved April 27, 2019.

[156] "HB0095 – Wyoming Firearms Freedom Act-2". www.wyoleg.gov. Retrieved June 5, 2019.

[auto2-157] "46.4203 Unlawful use of weapons". www.asbar.org.

[158] "46.4221 License-Required when". www.asbar.org.

[159] "46.4229 Sales to persons without licenses-Grandfather clause". www.asbar.org.

[160] "State Laws and Published Ordinances – Firearms (31st Edition: 2010 – 2011)". Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives. Retrieved January 29, 2017.

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[Handgunlaw-163] "Guam". handgunlaw.us. Retrieved 2014-05-12.

[kuam-164] "Castle Doctrine bill passed, allowing residents to protect themselves". kuam.com. February 3, 2014. Retrieved May 12, 2014.

[MV30sept2016-165] Bagnol, Raquel C. (September 30, 2016). "US court: $1,000 tax on handguns unconstitutional". Marianas Variety. Retrieved October 2, 2016.

[mvg-166] "Murphy v. Guerrero" (PDF).

[handgunlaw-167] "Northern Mariana Islands" (PDF). Handgunlaw.us. Retrieved August 7, 2014.

[PR2020-168] "Translation Shows the Full Benefits of Puerto Rico's New Gun Laws". The Truth About Guns. December 18, 2019. Retrieved February 5, 2020.

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v t Gun laws in the United States by state
Alabama Alaska Arizona Arkansas California Colorado Connecticut Delaware Florida Georgia Hawaii Idaho Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maine Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Montana Nebraska Nevada New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New York North Carolina North Dakota Ohio Oklahoma Oregon Pennsylvania Rhode Island South Carolina South Dakota Tennessee Texas Utah Vermont Virginia Washington West Virginia Wisconsin Wyoming
District of Columbia
American Samoa Guam Northern Mariana Islands Puerto Rico U.S. Virgin Islands

v t United States state-related lists
List of states and territories of the United States
Demographics	Population African American Amish Asian Birth and death rates Density Hispanic and Latino Historical Household income LGBT Non-Hispanic white Pacific Islander Spanish-speaking Educational attainment Largest cities by population Median age Most popular given names Most populous counties Net migration Populated places Population density (cities) Religiosity Irreligion
Economy	Billionaires Budgets Companies Credit ratings Employment rates Exports and imports Federal tax revenue Federal taxation and spending Gross domestic product Growth rate Per capita Income Inequality Median home prices Median wages Millionaire households Minimum wages Poverty rates R&D spending Sales taxes Sovereign wealth funds State income taxes Unemployment rates Union affiliation Vehicles per capita
Environment	Botanical gardens Carbon dioxide emissions Parks National Natural Landmarks National Wildlife Refuges Nature centers Renewable energy Superfund sites Wilderness areas
Geography	Area Bays Beaches Coastline Elevation Extreme points Forest Geographic centers Highest cities Islands Lakes Mountains Regions Volcanoes
Government	Agriculture commissioners Attorneys general Capitals Capitol buildings Comparison Congressional districts Members Counties Alphabetical List Courts Governors Lieutenant governors Legislatures Libraries and archives Official languages Poets laureate Politics by state or territory Political party strength State auditors State legislators Alabama–Missouri Montana–Wyoming State senators State secretaries of state State speakers State chief justices State presidents pro tempore State superintendents of education State supreme courts State treasurers Statewide elected executive officials
Health	Fertility rates Hospitals Human Development Index American Human Development Index Life expectancy Infant mortality rates Obesity rates Smoking
History	Date of statehood Name etymologies Historical societies Museums National Historic Landmarks National Register of Historic Places State partitions Historic regions
Law	Abortion Age of consent Alcohol Dry communities Alford plea Cell phone use while driving Constitutions Firearms Gun Violence Homicide Rate Law enforcement agencies Legality of cannabis Peace Index Prisons Incarceration rate Same-sex unions Former constitutional bans Marriage law Seat belt laws Self-representation Smoking bans Speed limits (by jurisdiction) Statutory codes Violent Crime Rate
Miscellaneous	Abbreviations Airports Bus transit systems Casinos Demonyms Flags Hotels Insignia Coats of arms License plates Malls Mottos Newspapers Nicknames Numbered highways Quarters 50 states District of Columbia and territories America the Beautiful quarters Snowiest places Symbols Tallest buildings Temperature extremes Time zones
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