RASD1
RASD1| RASD1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| 식별자 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 에일리어스 | RASD1, AGS1, DEXRAS1, MGC:26290, RAS 관련 덱사메타손 유도 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 외부 ID | OMIM: 605550 MGI: 1270848 HomoloGene: 7509 GeneCard: RASD1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| 맞춤법 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 종. | 인간 | 마우스 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
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| 앙상블 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 유니프로트 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| RefSeq(mRNA) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| RefSeq(단백질) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 장소(UCSC) | Chr 17: 17.49 ~17.5 Mb | Chr 11: 59.85 ~59.86 Mb | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| PubMed 검색 | [3] | [4] | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 위키데이터 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
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덱사메타손 유도 Ras 관련 단백질 1(RASD1)은 17번 [5][6]염색체의 RASD1 유전자에 의해 인체 내에서 암호화되는 단백질이다.그것은 많은 조직과 세포 [7]유형에서 보편적으로 발현된다.작은 G단백질의 Ras 슈퍼패밀리의 일원으로서 RASD1은 G단백질과 G단백질 결합수용체를 [8]통한 신호전달경로를 조절한다.RASD1은 여러 암에 관련되어 [9]있다.RASD1 유전자는 또한 관상동맥 [10]질환의 위험 증가와 관련된 27개의 SNP 중 하나를 포함합니다.
구조.
진
RASD1 유전자는 17번 염색체 17p11.2에 위치하며 2개의 [6]엑손이 포함되어 있다.이 유전자는 대체 스플라이싱을 [11]통해 2개의 아이소폼을 생성한다.이 유전자의 3'측면 영역에 위치한 글루코콜티코이드 응답요소(GRE)에 의해 글루코콜티코이드가 RASD1의 [12]발현을 유도한다.
단백질
이 단백질은 Ras 슈퍼패밀리에 [11]속하는 작은 GTPase입니다.Ras 슈퍼 패밀리 멤버로서 RASD1은 Ras 단백질의 몇 가지 모티브 특성을 공유하며, 4개의 고도로 보존된 GTP 결합 영역 GXXGK(S/T)(도메인 δ1), DXG(도메인 δ2), 구아닌 염기 결합 루프(NK3XD)를 포함한다.이 네 개의 도메인은 이펙터 루프와 함께 다른 단백질과 신호 분자에 결합하는 역할을 합니다.또 다른 일반적인 Ras 모티브인 CAAX 모티브는 RASD1의 C 말단에서 찾을 수 있으며 RASD1의 혈장막으로의 세포하 국재화를 촉진한다.또한 GTPase로서 RASD1은 G-1~G-3 영역 등의 모티브를 다른 GTPase와 공유한다.전장 RASD1 cDNA는 280개의 아미노산 잔류물과 31.7kDa의 [12]분자량을 가진 단백질을 생성한다.
기능.
RASD1은 뇌, 심장, 간, [13][14][15]신장을 포함한 많은 조직에서 발현된다.골수에도 존재하지만, 비장, 림프절, 말초혈액 [15][16]백혈구에는 발현량이 없거나 매우 낮다.RASD1은 복수의 시그널링 캐스케이드를 변조합니다.RASD1은 수용체에 의존하지 않는 방식으로 G단백질을 활성화하고 여러 다른 G단백질 결합 [17][8]수용체를 통한 신호 전달을 억제할 수 있다.RASD1은 종종 세포 성장과 종양 확장을 촉진하는 작은 G단백질의 Ras 슈퍼패밀리에 속하지만 이상세포 성장을 [16]막는 데 적극적인 역할을 한다.코르티코스테로이드에 의해 유도될 수 있으며 부신피질방성호르몬([18]ACTH) 분비를 제어하는 음성 피드백 루프에 역할을 할 수 있다.시상하부에서 RASD1 발현은 스트레스에 대한 응답으로 높아진 글루코코르티코이드와 삼투압에 의한 혈장 삼투압의 증가라는 두 가지 방법으로 유도된다.CREB 인산화 억제작용에 기초하여 바소프레신 발현뉴런의 RASD1 증가는 cAMP-PKA-CREB 시그널링 [19]경로의 변조를 통해 상핵 및 방실핵 양쪽의 스트레스 인자에 대한 전사반응을 제어하는데 필수적일 수 있다.RASD1은 또한 TRPC4 과도수용체 전위채널 활성화에서 렙틴과 함께 기능하는 것으로 보고되었으며, 따라서 위장근구, 췌장β세포 및 [20]뉴런의 전기적 흥분성을 조절하는 역할을 한다.또한 RASD1과 Ear2의 상호작용은 레닌 전사 [21]조절에 관여한다.
Clinical significance
In humans, upregulation of RASD1 leading to increased apoptosis has been observed in several human cancer cell lines such as DU-154 human prostate cancer cells[22] and in human breast cancer cells MCF-7.[9] In the latter, high concentrations of calycosin significantly suppressed the proliferation of MCF-7 cells, thereby promoting apoptosis of the cells. Moreover, compared with a control group, the expression of Bcl-2 decreased with calycosin while Bax increased, and these changes correlated with an elevated expression of RASD1. Together, it appears that, at relatively high concentrations, calycosin can trigger the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway by upregulating RASD1.[9]
Clinical marker
Additionally, in the cardiovascular field, a genome-wide analysis of common variants demonstrated a substantial overlap in the genetic risk of ischemic stroke and coronary artery disease, such as the link between RASD1 and other loci such as RAI1 and PEMT.[23] A multi-locus genetic risk score study based on a combination of 27 loci, including the RASD1 gene, identified individuals at increased risk for both incident and recurrent coronary artery disease events, as well as an enhanced clinical benefit from statin therapy. The study was based on a community cohort study (the Malmo Diet and Cancer study) and four additional randomized controlled trials of primary prevention cohorts (JUPITER and ASCOT) and secondary prevention cohorts (CARE and PROVE IT-TIMI 22).[10]
Interactions
RASD1 has been shown to interact with NOS1AP.[15]
References
- ^ a b c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000108551 - Ensembl, May 2017
- ^ a b c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000049892 - Ensembl, May 2017
- ^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
- ^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
- ^ St Croix B, Rago C, Velculescu V, Traverso G, Romans KE, Montgomery E, Lal A, Riggins GJ, Lengauer C, Vogelstein B, Kinzler KW (August 2000). "Genes expressed in human tumor endothelium". Science. 289 (5482): 1197–202. Bibcode:2000Sci...289.1197S. doi:10.1126/science.289.5482.1197. PMID 10947988.
- ^ a b "Entrez Gene: RASD1 RAS, dexamethasone-induced 1".
- ^ "BioGPS - your Gene Portal System". biogps.org. Retrieved 2016-10-12.
- ^ a b Graham TE, Prossnitz ER, Dorin RI (March 2002). "Dexras1/AGS-1 inhibits signal transduction from the Gi-coupled formyl peptide receptor to Erk-1/2 MAP kinases". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 277 (13): 10876–82. doi:10.1074/jbc.M110397200. PMID 11751935.
- ^ a b c Tian J, Duan YX, Bei CY, Chen J (August 2013). "Calycosin induces apoptosis by upregulation of RASD1 in human breast cancer cells MCF-7". Hormone and Metabolic Research = Hormon- und Stoffwechselforschung = Hormones et Métabolisme. 45 (8): 593–8. doi:10.1055/s-0033-1341510. PMID 23609007.
- ^ a b Mega JL, Stitziel NO, Smith JG, Chasman DI, Caulfield MJ, Devlin JJ, Nordio F, Hyde CL, Cannon CP, Sacks FM, Poulter NR, Sever PS, Ridker PM, Braunwald E, Melander O, Kathiresan S, Sabatine MS (June 2015). "Genetic risk, coronary heart disease events, and the clinical benefit of statin therapy: an analysis of primary and secondary prevention trials". Lancet. 385 (9984): 2264–71. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(14)61730-X. PMC 4608367. PMID 25748612.
- ^ a b "RASD1 - Dexamethasone-induced Ras-related protein 1 precursor - Homo sapiens (Human) - RASD1 gene & protein". www.uniprot.org. Retrieved 2016-10-12.
- ^ a b Wie J, Kim BJ, Myeong J, Ha K, Jeong SJ, Yang D, Kim E, Jeon JH, So I (2015-01-01). "The Roles of Rasd1 small G proteins and leptin in the activation of TRPC4 transient receptor potential channels". Channels. 9 (4): 186–95. doi:10.1080/19336950.2015.1058454. PMC 4594510. PMID 26083271.
- ^ Kemppainen RJ, Behrend EN (February 1998). "Dexamethasone rapidly induces a novel ras superfamily member-related gene in AtT-20 cells". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 273 (6): 3129–31. doi:10.1074/jbc.273.6.3129. PMID 9452419.
- ^ Tu Y, Wu C (December 1999). "Cloning, expression and characterization of a novel human Ras-related protein that is regulated by glucocorticoid hormone". Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Gene Structure and Expression. 1489 (2–3): 452–6. doi:10.1016/s0167-4781(99)00197-9. PMID 10673050.
- ^ a b c Fang M, Jaffrey SR, Sawa A, Ye K, Luo X, Snyder SH (October 2000). "Dexras1: a G protein specifically coupled to neuronal nitric oxide synthase via CAPON". Neuron. 28 (1): 183–93. doi:10.1016/S0896-6273(00)00095-7. PMID 11086993. S2CID 10533464.
- ^ a b Vaidyanathan G, Cismowski MJ, Wang G, Vincent TS, Brown KD, Lanier SM (July 2004). "The Ras-related protein AGS1/RASD1 suppresses cell growth". Oncogene. 23 (34): 5858–63. doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1207774. PMID 15184869.
- ^ Takesono A, Nowak MW, Cismowski M, Duzic E, Lanier SM (April 2002). "Activator of G-protein signaling 1 blocks GIRK channel activation by a G-protein-coupled receptor: apparent disruption of receptor signaling complexes". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 277 (16): 13827–30. doi:10.1074/jbc.M201064200. PMID 11842095.
- ^ Brogan MD, Behrend EN, Kemppainen RJ (October 2001). "Regulation of Dexras1 expression by endogenous steroids". Neuroendocrinology. 74 (4): 244–50. doi:10.1159/000054691. PMID 11598380. S2CID 19846824.
- ^ Greenwood MP, Greenwood M, Mecawi AS, Antunes-Rodrigues J, Paton JF, Murphy D (January 2016). "Rasd1, a small G protein with a big role in the hypothalamic response to neuronal activation". Molecular Brain. 9: 1. doi:10.1186/s13041-015-0182-2. PMC 4704412. PMID 26739966.
- ^ Wie J, Kim BJ, Myeong J, Ha K, Jeong SJ, Yang D, Kim E, Jeon JH, So I (2015). "The Roles of Rasd1 small G proteins and leptin in the activation of TRPC4 transient receptor potential channels". Channels. 9 (4): 186–95. doi:10.1080/19336950.2015.1058454. PMC 4594510. PMID 26083271.
- ^ Tan JJ, Ong SA, Chen KS (19 January 2011). "Rasd1 interacts with Ear2 (Nr2f6) to regulate renin transcription". BMC Molecular Biology. 12: 4. doi:10.1186/1471-2199-12-4. PMC 3036621. PMID 21247419.
- ^ Liu XJ, Li YQ, Chen QY, Xiao SJ, Zeng SE (2014-01-01). "Up-regulating of RASD1 and apoptosis of DU-145 human prostate cancer cells induced by formononetin in vitro". Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention. 15 (6): 2835–9. doi:10.7314/apjcp.2014.15.6.2835. PMID 24761910.
- ^ Dichgans M, Malik R, König IR, Rosand J, Clarke R, Gretarsdottir S, et al. (January 2014). "Shared genetic susceptibility to ischemic stroke and coronary artery disease: a genome-wide analysis of common variants". Stroke: A Journal of Cerebral Circulation. 45 (1): 24–36. doi:10.1161/STROKEAHA.113.002707. PMC 4112102. PMID 24262325.
Further reading
- Kemppainen RJ, Behrend EN (Feb 1998). "Dexamethasone rapidly induces a novel ras superfamily member-related gene in AtT-20 cells". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 273 (6): 3129–31. doi:10.1074/jbc.273.6.3129. PMID 9452419.
- Cismowski MJ, Takesono A, Ma C, Lizano JS, Xie X, Fuernkranz H, Lanier SM, Duzic E (Sep 1999). "Genetic screens in yeast to identify mammalian nonreceptor modulators of G-protein signaling". Nature Biotechnology. 17 (9): 878–83. doi:10.1038/12867. PMID 10471929. S2CID 26981462.
- Tu Y, Wu C (Dec 1999). "Cloning, expression and characterization of a novel human Ras-related protein that is regulated by glucocorticoid hormone". Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Gene Structure and Expression. 1489 (2–3): 452–6. doi:10.1016/s0167-4781(99)00197-9. PMID 10673050.
- Cismowski MJ, Ma C, Ribas C, Xie X, Spruyt M, Lizano JS, Lanier SM, Duzic E (Aug 2000). "Activation of heterotrimeric G-protein signaling by a ras-related protein. Implications for signal integration". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 275 (31): 23421–4. doi:10.1074/jbc.C000322200. PMID 10840027.
- Hartley JL, Temple GF, Brasch MA (Nov 2000). "DNA cloning using in vitro site-specific recombination". Genome Research. 10 (11): 1788–95. doi:10.1101/gr.143000. PMC 310948. PMID 11076863.
- Fang M, Jaffrey SR, Sawa A, Ye K, Luo X, Snyder SH (Oct 2000). "Dexras1: a G protein specifically coupled to neuronal nitric oxide synthase via CAPON". Neuron. 28 (1): 183–93. doi:10.1016/S0896-6273(00)00095-7. PMID 11086993. S2CID 10533464.
- Ognjanovic S, Bao S, Yamamoto SY, Garibay-Tupas J, Samal B, Bryant-Greenwood GD (Apr 2001). "Genomic organization of the gene coding for human pre-B-cell colony enhancing factor and expression in human fetal membranes". Journal of Molecular Endocrinology. 26 (2): 107–17. doi:10.1677/jme.0.0260107. PMID 11241162.
- Takesono A, Nowak MW, Cismowski M, Duzic E, Lanier SM (Apr 2002). "Activator of G-protein signaling 1 blocks GIRK channel activation by a G-protein-coupled receptor: apparent disruption of receptor signaling complexes". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 277 (16): 13827–30. doi:10.1074/jbc.M201064200. PMID 11842095.
- Bi W, Yan J, Stankiewicz P, Park SS, Walz K, Boerkoel CF, Potocki L, Shaffer LG, Devriendt K, Nowaczyk MJ, Inoue K, Lupski JR (May 2002). "Genes in a refined Smith-Magenis syndrome critical deletion interval on chromosome 17p11.2 and the syntenic region of the mouse". Genome Research. 12 (5): 713–28. doi:10.1101/gr.73702. PMC 186594. PMID 11997338.
- Jaffrey SR, Fang M, Snyder SH (Dec 2002). "Nitrosopeptide mapping: a novel methodology reveals s-nitrosylation of dexras1 on a single cysteine residue". Chemistry & Biology. 9 (12): 1329–35. doi:10.1016/S1074-5521(02)00293-4. PMID 12498886.
- Kemppainen RJ, Cox E, Behrend EN, Brogan MD, Ammons JM (Jun 2003). "Identification of a glucocorticoid response element in the 3'-flanking region of the human Dexras1 gene". Biochimica et Biophysica Acta. 1627 (2–3): 85–9. doi:10.1016/s0167-4781(03)00079-4. PMID 12818426.
- Vaidyanathan G, Cismowski MJ, Wang G, Vincent TS, Brown KD, Lanier SM (Jul 2004). "The Ras-related protein AGS1/RASD1 suppresses cell growth". Oncogene. 23 (34): 5858–63. doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1207774. PMID 15184869.
- Wiemann S, Arlt D, Huber W, Wellenreuther R, Schleeger S, Mehrle A, Bechtel S, Sauermann M, Korf U, Pepperkok R, Sültmann H, Poustka A (Oct 2004). "From ORFeome to biology: a functional genomics pipeline". Genome Research. 14 (10B): 2136–44. doi:10.1101/gr.2576704. PMC 528930. PMID 15489336.
- Hiskens R, Vatish M, Hill C, Davey J, Ladds G (Dec 2005). "Specific in vivo binding of activator of G protein signalling 1 to the Gbeta1 subunit". Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 337 (4): 1038–46. doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2005.09.149. PMID 16225846.
- Mehrle A, Rosenfelder H, Schupp I, del Val C, Arlt D, Hahne F, Bechtel S, Simpson J, Hofmann O, Hide W, Glatting KH, Huber W, Pepperkok R, Poustka A, Wiemann S (Jan 2006). "The LIFEdb database in 2006". Nucleic Acids Research. 34 (Database issue): D415-8. doi:10.1093/nar/gkj139. PMC 1347501. PMID 16381901.
- Nguyen CH, Watts VJ (May 2006). "Dexamethasone-induced Ras protein 1 negatively regulates protein kinase C delta: implications for adenylyl cyclase 2 signaling". Molecular Pharmacology. 69 (5): 1763–71. doi:10.1124/mol.105.019133. PMID 16489124. S2CID 2613822.
- Compton SL, Kemppainen RJ, Behrend EN (Dec 2009). "Prenylated Rab acceptor domain family member 1 is involved in stimulated ACTH secretion and inhibition". Cellular Signalling. 21 (12): 1901–9. doi:10.1016/j.cellsig.2009.08.007. PMID 19733236.
