Anna Airy

Anna Airy
Photo of Anna Airy.jpg
Born(1882-06-06)6 June 1882
Greenwich, London, England
Died23 October 1964(1964-10-23) (aged 82)
Greenwich, London, England
NationalityBritish
EducationSlade School of Fine Art
Known forPainting, Pastel, Etching
Spouse(s)Geoffrey Buckingham Pocock

Anna Airy (6 June 1882 – 23 October 1964) was an English oil painter, pastel artist and etcher. She was one of the first women officially commissioned as a war artist[1] and was recognised as one of the leading women artists of her generation.[2]

Early life

Airy was born in Greenwich, London, the daughter of an engineer, Wilfrid Airy, and Anna née Listing, and the granddaughter of the Astronomer Royal George Biddell Airy.[3][4] Airy trained at the Slade School of Fine Art in London from 1899 to 1903, where she studied alongside William Orpen and Augustus John, and under Fred Brown, Henry Tonks and Philip Wilson Steer. Airy won prizes at the Slade School for portrait, figure, and other subjects including the Slade School Scholarship in 1902. She also won the Melville Nettleship Prize in 1900, 1901 and 1902.[5][6]

Work

interior view from an elevated position showing the shop-floor of an aircraft assembly factory. The aircraft are seen in various stages of assembly to the left and right of the image. In the centre are lines of workbenches and a range of different factory personnel
An Aircraft Assembly Shop, Hendon
interior view of a gasworks showing the retort process. Several women dressed in dark overalls stand at work on the floor of the gasworks. The focal point is the clouds of grey smoke and yellow flames emitted from the wall on the left of the painting
Women Working in a Gas Retort House - South Metropolitan Gas Company, London

During World War I, Airy was given commissions in a number of factories and painted her canvases on site in often difficult and, sometimes, dangerous conditions.[1] For example, while working at great speed to paint A Shell Forge at a National Projectile Factory, Hackney Marshes, London in an extremely hot environment, "the ground became so hot that her shoes were burnt off her feet".[7] This painting was featured in an exhibition at the Imperial War Museum's 2011–2012 exhibition Women War Artists.[8]

In June 1918 the Munitions Committee of the Imperial War Museum, IWM. commissioned her to create four paintings representing typical scenes in four munitions factories:[9] These included,

  • 해크니 국립 발사체 공장;[7]
  • National Filling Factory in Chilwell, Nottingham, W G Armstrong Whitworth's at Nottingham.
  • Hendon의 항공기 제조 회사.[10]
  • 사우스 메트로폴리탄 가스 주식회사

칠웰 커미션은 글래스고의 싱어공장에 작업 도장 의뢰로 대체되었다.[11] 에어리는 전쟁 기간 동안 IWM의 여성 작업부에서도 의뢰를 받았다. 1917년에 그녀는 캐나다 전쟁 기념 기금에 의해 의뢰되었고, 1940년에는 군수부에 의해 의뢰되었다.[5] 그녀의 작품은 1928년 하계 올림픽과 1932년 하계 올림픽의 예술 경연대회에도 참가하였다.[12]

에어리는 예술가 제프리 버킹엄 포콕과 결혼했고, 이 커플은 입스위치 근처의 플레이포드로 이사하기 전 햄스테드의 하버스톡 언덕에 살았다.[6]

전시회

에어리의 작품은 1905년에 로열 아카데미에서 전시되었고, 그 후 1956년까지 매년 그곳에서 그녀의 첫 번째 여성 전시회가 1908년에 카팍스 갤러리에서 열렸다. 에어리는 파리 살롱과 이탈리아, 캐나다, 미국에서도 전시회를 열었다. 그녀는 대영 박물관, 빅토리아와 앨버트 박물관, 제국 전쟁 박물관에 대표되어 왔다. Her work also appeared in the Art Gallery of New South Wales, Sydney as well as in Auckland, New Zealand; Vancouver and Ottawa in Canada; and in the Corporation Art Galleries of Liverpool, Leeds, Huddersfield, Birkenhead, Blackpool, Rochdale, Ipswich, Doncaster, Lincoln, Harrogate, Paisley and Newport.[5] 1916년 여성 작가들의 작품 전시회에서 보여준 에어리의 그림, 황금 자두나무는 메리 여왕에 의해 획득되었다.[13] 그녀의 식각 포러너즈 오브 프루너즈 (c.1925)는 뉴사우스웨일즈 미술관 소장품이다.[14]

출판물

Airy는 다음을 저술한 사람이다.

  • 파스텔의 예술 (1930) 런던: 윈저 & 뉴턴[15]
  • 뉴욕 런던[16] 스튜디오 출판물(1951)

멤버십

에어리는 몇몇 예술 단체의 일원이었다.[17] 그녀는 1906년 파스텔 소사이어티의 회원으로 선출되었다. 그녀는 1908년 영국 왕립 화가협회에 가입하기도 했다. 그녀는 또한 왕립유화인협회 (1909), 왕립수색인화인협회 (1918), 왕립글래스고 미술원 (1952)의 선출직 위원이었다. 그녀는 1945년 입스위치 미술 협회의 회장으로 선출되었다.[16]

참조

  1. ^ a b Arifa Akbar (8 April 2011). "Women at war: The female British artists who were written out of history". The Independent. Retrieved 2 September 2013.
  2. ^ Tolson, Roger. "Art and Daily Life in World War Two". BBC History. Retrieved 16 June 2012.
  3. ^ Goward, K. J. (2006). "Founding of Orwell Park Observatory". Institute of Astronomy. Archived from the original on 15 November 2007. Retrieved 16 December 2007.
  4. ^ 런던 톰슨스 갤러리 전기, 웨이백 머신에 2012년 7월 19일 보관
  5. ^ a b c Who Was Who, 'AIRY, Anna' A & C Black, 1920–2008 (online ed.). Oxford University Press. December 2007. Retrieved 16 June 2012.
  6. ^ a b Richard Green (1995). Modern British Paintings (Exhibition Catalogue). Richard Green Gallery.
  7. ^ a b Imperial War Museum. "A Shell Forge at a National Projectile Factory, Hackney Marshes, London, 1918 [Art.IWM ART 4032]". IWM Collections Search. Retrieved 17 April 2013.
  8. ^ Imperial War Museum (7 April 2011). "Press Desk: Women War Artists". archive.iwm.org.uk. Archived from the original on 7 March 2014. Retrieved 17 April 2013.
  9. ^ Imperial War Museum. "Miss Anna Airy [ART/WA1/031 (First World War Art Archive)]". Retrieved 17 April 2013.
  10. ^ Imperial War Museum. "An Aircraft Assembly Shop, Hendon [Art.IWM ART 1931]". IWM Collections Search. Retrieved 17 April 2013.
  11. ^ Amanda Mason. "6 Stunning First World War Artworks by Women War Artists". Imperial War Museum. Retrieved 1 April 2017.
  12. ^ "Anna Airy". Olympedia. Retrieved 27 July 2020.
  13. ^ Lucy Meretto Peterson (2018). The Women Who Inspired London Art, The Avico Sisters and Other Models of the Early 20th Century. Pen & Sword Books. ISBN 9781526725257.
  14. ^ AGNSW수집기록
  15. ^ "에일리, 안나." 챔버스 인명사전. 런던: 챔버스 해랩, 2007. 크레도 레퍼런스. 웹. 2010년 3월 25일
  16. ^ a b Frances Spalding (1990). 20th Century Painters and Sculptors. Antique Collectors' Club. ISBN 1-85149-106-6.
  17. ^ Sara Gray (2009). The Dictionary of British Women Artists. The Lutterworth Press. ISBN 97807-18830847.CS1 maint: 작성자 매개변수 사용(링크)

외부 링크