제퍼슨 (야흐트)

Jefferson (yacht)
제퍼슨
나라 미국
빌더크리스토퍼 터네
소유자조지 크라운린실드 주니어, 존 크라운린실드 빌리, 케일럽 존슨
사양
길이38피트(12m)
빔12.3ft(3.7m)
초안6.0ft(1.8m)

제퍼슨은 최초의 미국 요트였다.그녀는 George Crwinshield Jr.이 요트는 주로 유람선이었지만, 그녀는 구조선, 1812년 전쟁 당시 사설탐사선, 그리고 어선을 포함한 다른 목적도 이행했다.

역사

제퍼슨은 요트로 사용하도록 특별히 고안된 최초의 미국 보트였다.[1][2][3][4]이 요트는 1801년 크라운린실드를 위해 살렘에 건설되었다.[5]그녀는 미국의 새 대통령 토마스 제퍼슨의 이름을 따서 제퍼슨이라고 명명되었다.[6][7][8]기록의 다음 요트는 1802년 존 콕스 스티븐스를 위해 만들어진 다이버였다.[9][10]다음 요트는 트러블, 웨이브, 온카히, 지니랙, 마리아였다.[11]제퍼슨은 물 위를 잘 여행하는 그릇이라는 것을 스스로 증명했다.악명 높은 클레오파트라의 바지선은 제퍼슨이 건설된 지 약 15년 후인 1816년에 건설되었다.[12][13]

Jefferson은 원래 스쿠너로 조작되었고 나중에는 구불구불한 사람이었다.[1]슬롭 요트의 길이는 35피트 10인치였고 그녀의 빔은 12피트 4인치였다.요트의 깊이는 6피트였고 그녀는 22톤이었다. 15⁄95 미국 톤의 짐.[14][15]살렘의 선원인 크리스토퍼 터네는 요트의 건축가였다.[16]그녀는 1801년 3월, 그가 유니언 워프에서 배를 만들었던 터네의 장소에서 발사되었다.크라운린실드는 매사추세츠 베이(당시 세일럼 베이)에서 제퍼슨을 이용했다.그 쾌락 요트는 안전과 안락함을 위해 만들어졌다.10년 넘게 최초의 미국 요트는 크라운린실드와 그의 가족이 즐겼다.[17]그는 보트에 모든 사람이 즐길 수 있도록 식량을 비축해 두었다.크라운린실드의 열정 중 하나는 폭풍우가 지나간 후 배를 가지고 매사추세츠만으로 나가 도움이 필요한 어려움에 처한 배를 찾는 것이었다.[1][18][19]

크라운린실드는 적 함정이 피해를 입기 전에 먼저 물 위에서 타격하는 정책을 확고히 신봉한 신봉자였다.그 가족은 1812년 전쟁에서 민간인으로 보트를 가장 먼저 개조했다.제퍼슨은 그들이 보낸 세 척의 배 중 한 척이었다.[20]나머지 두 명은 미국인과 존이었다.제퍼슨은 전쟁에 임관한 두 번째 민간인으로, 2등상인 슈너 님프를 데려왔다.[15]그녀는 30명의 선원을 태우고, 36피트 길이의 선박에 비해 많은 인원을 태우고 있었다. 한 번의 항해 후에 그녀는 그 일을 하기에는 너무 작다고 결정되었다.크라운린실드가 죽자 제퍼슨은 1815년 가족에 의해 팔렸고 어선이 되었다.[21]요트는 여러 해 동안 이 목적에 유용했다.[1]그 요트는 그 후 매사추세츠 주 마블헤드의 선장 존 크라운린실드 베어의 것이었고, 후에 매사추세츠 주 나한트의 케일럽 존슨에게 소유되었다.[22][23]

참조

  1. ^ a b c d 1904년 2일.
  2. ^ "The Evolution of the Yacht". The Topeka State Journal. Topeka, Kansas. October 12, 1899. p. 6 – via Newspapers.com open access. America's first yacht was built at Salem, Mass., in 1801, by Christopher Turner. It was owned by George Crowninshield, who christened her the Jefferson.
  3. ^ "Romantic History of America's First Yacht". The Bridgeport Times and Evening Farmer. Bridgeport, Connecticut. October 2, 1916. p. 11 – via Newspapers.com open access. George Crowninshield had sailed to all parts of the world in merchant ships, and he knew navigation from A to Z and from forecastle to quarter deck. His first experience as a yachtsman had been in the twenty-foot sloop Jefferson, the first craft built exclusively for pleasure America had ever had.
  4. ^ Horgan, Tom (October 18, 1946). "Up and Down New England". Nashua Telegraph. Nashua, New Hampshire. p. 4 – via Newspapers.com open access. Salem can boast many nautical firsts, including the first pleasure yacht to fly the American flag--the schooner Jefferson built in 1801 for Captain George Crowninshield of that port.
  5. ^ "American Yacht Amazed Europe A Century Ago". The Sun. New York, New York. May 10, 1914. p. 43 – via Newspapers.com open access. points out that the first American yacht was built for George Crowninshield in 1801 and was named Jefferson.
  6. ^ 케인 1997, 페이지 509.
  7. ^ "Yaching". The Philadelphia Inquirer. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. August 13, 1911. p. 60 – via Newspapers.com open access. America's first yacht was built at Salem, Mass., in 1801, by Christopher Turner, and it was christened Jefferson. Captain George Crowninshield owed her and found her a good sailor, though only a twenty-two-tonner. She was a privateer in 1812 and later became a fishing smack.
  8. ^ "Yacht news". The St. Joseph Herald. St. Joseph, Missouri. August 15, 1899. p. 4 – via Newspapers.com open access. America's first yacht was built at Salem. Mass., in 1891, by Christopher Turner. It was owned by George Crowninshield, who christened her the Jefferson.
  9. ^ "The First American yachts". The Sun. New York, New York. February 26, 2018. p. 43 – via Newspapers.com open access. points out that the first American yacht was built for George Crowninshield in 1801 and was named "Jefferson." The next known yacht was the "Diver," owned by John C, Stevens in 1802.
  10. ^ 초우취안 1894 페이지 392.
  11. ^ "Evolution of Yacht". San Francisco Chronicle. San Francisco, CA. June 10, 1894 – via Newspapers.com open access. Americas first yacht was built at Salem, Mass., in 1801 by Christopher Turner and it was christened the Jefferson. Captain George Crowninshield owned her and found her a good sailor.
  12. ^ 에식스 연구소 1917 페이지 49.
  13. ^ "Cleopatra's Barge". The Honolulu Advertiser. Honolulu, Hawaii. March 1, 1936. p. 39 – via Newspapers.com open access. Jefferson, a sloop which George had built in 1801 and which was the first yacht in America.
  14. ^ "First Yacht Built in U.S." The Brooklyn Daily Eagle. Brooklyn, New York. April 19, 1936. p. 52 – via Newspapers.com open access. FIRST YACHT BUILT IN U. S. The first yacht built in this country was the Jefferson, which was constructed at Salem, Mass., by Christopher Turner and owned by Capt. George Crowninshield. She was of 22 tons. In 1812, she was made a privateer, being the second vessel thus commissioned.
  15. ^ a b 브리검 1899 페이지 14.
  16. ^ "The Evolution of the Yacht". San Francisco Chronicle. San Francisco, California. June 10, 1894. p. 4 – via Newspapers.com open access.
  17. ^ 클라크 1904, 페이지 147.
  18. ^ 뉴잉글랜드 매거진 1895 페이지
  19. ^ 네이션 어소시에이트 1914 페이지 134.
  20. ^ "The Evolution of the Yacht as it grew from log to Sails". The Courier-Journal. Louisville, Kentucky. September 17, 1899. p. 9 – via Newspapers.com open access.
  21. ^ 미국 정부 1923 페이지 17.
  22. ^ 에식스 연구소 1889 페이지 82.
  23. ^ "A Pioneer Yachtsman". The St. Johnbury. Caledonian, Scotland. October 26, 1893 – via Newspapers.com open access. The little yacht Jefferson was sold in 1815 and turned into a fishing smack, in which capacity she served for many years in the waters about Nahant and Marblehead.

원천

  • Brigham, Charles Pliny (1899). Glory of the American Yacht. C. Pliny Brigham. This first purely American yacht, named "Jefferson," was of twenty-two tons burden. After some use as a pleasure craft by its owner, the "Jefferson" in 1812 entered the service of privateering, making one successful voyage, when she carried a crew of thirty men.
  • Chautauquan (1894). The Chautauquan. John C. Stevens, who afterwards built the yacht America and who was the first commodore of the New York Yacht Club, was responsible for the next pleasure vessel, the famous little Diver, built in 1802.
  • Clark, Arthur Hamilton (1904). The History of Yachting, 1600-1815. G.P. Putnam's Sons. p. 147. In the year 1801 the yacht Jefferson, 22 tons, was built at Salem, Massachusetts, by Christopher Turner, for George Crowninshield, of Salem. .... She remained the property of the Crowninshields until 1815, when she was sold for a fishing vessel and finally broken up at Lynn. This little vessel is believed to have been the first yacht that sailed under the American flag.
  • Day, Thomas Fleming (1904). The Rudder. Fawcett Publications. The first American vessel designed for use as a yacht, of which any authentic record exists, was the "Jefferson," built at Salem in 1801 for George Crowninshield, Jr.
  • Essex Institute (1889). Essex Institute Historical Collections. Essex Institute Press. Captain George had built by Christopher Turner of Salem, in 1801, a sloop which he christened the "Jefferson," and which he used as a yacht for many years. She was of twenty-two tons, was a good sailor and a privateer in 1812, the second vessel commissioned as a privateer.
  • Essex Institute (1917). Old Time Ships of Salem. Essex Institute. In 1801, fifteen years before the building of "Cleopatra's Barge," Captain George Crowninshield built a smaller yacht, a sloop of twenty-two tons, the "Jefferson," which is the first recorded American yacht
  • Kane, Joseph Nathan (1997). Famous First Facts. H.W. Wilson. ISBN 978-0-8242-0661-1. The first American yacht was the Jefferson, a 22-ton sloop that was constructed in 1801 at Salem, MA, by Christopher Turner for Captain George Crowninshield. It was 35 feet 10 inches long and 12 feet 4 inches wide, and had a 6-foot depth. It was rigged first as a schooner, afterward as a sloop.
  • Nation Associates (1914). The Nation. Nation Associates. His first yacht, the Jefferson—the first American yacht of any sort—he used not only for pleasure.
  • New England Magazine (1895). The New England Magazine. New England Magazine Company. After a storm he delighted in filling his private yacht Jefferson, the first yacht ever built in this country, with extra men and stores, and then cruising in Massachusetts Bay to aid disabled vessels.
  • U.S. Government (1923). Bulletin. U.S. Government Printing Office.