실리의 안나
Anna of Cilli |
| 실리의 안나 | |
|---|---|
 안나 위드 조가일라 | |
| 폴란드의 여왕 | |
| 테뉴어 | 1402년 1월 29일 – 1416년 5월 21일 |
| 대관식 | 1403년 2월 25일 |
| 태어난 | 1386 |
| 죽은 | 1416년 5월 21일 크라쿠프, 폴란드 |
| 매장 | |
| 배우자 | 브와디스와프 2세 |
| 이슈 | 헤드비히 자젤론 |
| 집 | 셀제 |
| 아버지 | 셀제 백작 윌리엄 |
| 어머니 | 안나 |
실리의 안나 또는 셀제의 앤(1386년 – 1416년 5월 21일)은 폴란드의 여왕(1402년–1416년)이었다. 그녀는 폴란드의 왕이자 리투아니아의 최고 공작인 조가일라(Wwadyswow II Jagiewo)의 두 번째 부인이었다. 그들의 결혼은 조가일라의 피아스트 왕조와의 유대관계와 폴란드 왕좌에 대한 그의 주장을 강화하기 위한 정치적 동기였다. 그들의 결혼 생활은 다소 멀었고 14년 동안 안나는 문제없이 죽은 오직 한 딸 헤드비히 자기엘론만을 낳았다.
이른 삶과 결혼식
안나는 셀제 백작 윌리엄(1361~1392)과 그의 아내 안나(1366~1425)의 외동딸로, 고(故) 카시미르 3세의 막내딸이었다. 안나는 아버지 윌리엄과 사촌 헤르만 2세가 다스리던 셀제 성(스티리아의 뒤치, 현재 슬로베니아)에서 태어났을 가능성이 높다.[1] William은 Anna가 10살 정도 되었을 때 죽었다. 2년 후, 그녀의 어머니는 렉 공작 울리히와 결혼하여, 헤르만 2세와 그의 아내인 션베르크의 안나(Anna)를 셀제(Celje)에서 돌보고 안나(Annna)를 떠났다.[2] 그 소녀는 문맹이었고 폴란드어를 하지 않았을 가능성이 매우 높다.[1]
Jogaila's first wife and reigning Queen Jadwiga of Poland, Anna's second cousin, died in July 1399 after childbirth complications. Jogaila, who hailed from Lithuania, was left a ruler of a foreign country with no heir. Therefore, he sought a wife from Piast heirs with claims to the Kingdom of Poland to strengthen his claims to Poland and legitimize his rule.[3] In 1401, Jogaila dispatched envoys to Celje to ask Herman II for the hand of Anna. Herman was related to the late queen Jadwiga through his mother's side: his mother Catherine was the sister of Jadwiga's mother Elizabeth of Bosnia, Queen of Hungary (according to some accounts, they were cousins). The House of Celje was thus related to the Polish court on two sides, and the proposed marriage would further strengthen the alliance, while bringing the House of Celje closer to the highest levels of European nobility. On 16 July 1401 Anna arrived to Kraków where she was met by Jogaila at the city gates.[3] However, Jogaila took a strong dislike to his intended bride. According to Jan Długosz, Jogaila was furious with the envoys who brought Anna to Poland for several years.[4] The wedding was postponed citing the need for Anna to learn Polish.[3] Anna lived in a monastery while Jogaila traveled in eastern territories of his kingdom.[5] He returned only in January 1402. The wedding ceremony took place on 29 January 1402 in Wawel Cathedral. For unknown reasons, Anna's coronation as Queen of Poland was postponed for a year until 25 February 1403.[5]
Unhappy marriage
The marriage was rather distant. There was an approximately thirty-year gap between Anna and Jogaila. It was acknowledged that Anna was not a very attractive woman. The King traveled frequently leaving Anna alone in the Wawel Castle.[6] Anna was not very ambitious or politically active. She was known as a religious woman and obedient wife.[7]
In fall 1407, five years after the marriage, Anna was pregnant. Klemens Moskarzewski, Castellan of Wiślica, accused the queen of marital infidelity with Jakub Kobylański and Mikołaj Chrząstowski.[8] Jogaila believed the rumors and imprisoned Jakub. During a congress in Niepołomice, Polish nobles defended the queen and the accusations were dismissed. A year later, Jogaila accused Anna of an affair with Jędrzej Tęczyński, but that case did not reach a public hearing.[9] In 1411, Mikołaj Kurowski, Archbishop of Gniezno, accused Anna again, but he died before the rumors could be investigated.[10]
Motherhood and politics
On 8 April 1408 Anna gave birth to a daughter, Hedwig. It was not a male heir desired by Jogaila or Polish nobles, but it still strengthened Anna's position and she became a little more visible in politics.[9] In February 1410, during the Polish–Lithuanian–Teutonic War, Anna was present when Jogaila met with Herman II. After the Battle of Grunwald, Jogaila wrote two letters – one to Anna and another to Bishop Wojciech Jastrzębiec.[9] In February 1412, Anna and Jogaila hosted the wedding of Ernest, Duke of Austria, and Cymburgis of Masovia.[10] After the wedding, Anna and Jogaila traveled to Hungary for negotiations between Jogaila and Sigismund von Luxembourg. Anna met with Barbara of Cilli, Sigismund's wife and daughter of Herman II – the girls grew up together.[11] However, Anna did not participate in the negotiations in Buda between April and August 1412.[12]
In early 1413, Anna's five-year-old daughter Hedwig was officially proclaimed heir presumptive to the Polish throne during a congress in Jedlnia.[12] It was an important political victory for Anna. Jogaila, Anna, and Hedwig traveled to Lithuania to introduce the princess to the Lithuanian nobility.[12] There the Union of Horodło was signed in October 1413. Anna also visited Samogitia to observe its Christianization; later she sent a report to the Council of Constance.[12] In early 1415, Anna traveled with Jogaila and in May met with Alexander I of Moldavia in Sniatyn. It was her last known political action.[12]
Death
At the end of 1415, Jogaila traveled to Lithuania while Anna stayed in Kraków, perhaps already ill.[7] In February 1416, a special envoy was dispatched to inform Jogaila that the queen was seriously ill. Despite the news, Jogaila did not hurry back to Kraków. He reached the capital city only in May and Anna died after a few days. She was buried in Wawel Cathedral.[7]
References
- Notes
- ^ a b Duczmal 2012, p. 360.
- ^ Duczmal 2012, pp. 360–361.
- ^ a b c Duczmal 2012, p. 361.
- ^ 두크즈말 2012 페이지 368.
- ^ a b 더크즈말 2012, 페이지 362.
- ^ 두크즈말 2012, 페이지 362–363.
- ^ a b c 더크즈말 2012, 페이지 367.
- ^ 두크즈말 2012, 페이지 363–364.
- ^ a b c 더크즈말 2012 페이지 364.
- ^ a b 더크즈말 2012 페이지 365
- ^ 두크즈말 2012, 페이지 365–366.
- ^ a b c d e 더크즈말 2012, 페이지 366.
- 참조
- Duczmal, Małgorzata (2012). Jogailaičiai (in Lithuanian). Translated by Birutė Mikalonienė; Vyturys Jarutis. Vilnius: Mokslo ir enciklopedijų leidybos centras. ISBN 978-5-420-01703-6.
