올드 와이크해미스트 목록

List of Old Wykehamists
Painting of William of Wykeham in his archbishop's regalia
윈체스터 대학의 이전 학생들은 학교 설립자인 와이컴의 윌리엄의 이름을 따서 올드 와이컴파라고 불립니다.

올드 와이크해미스트들윈체스터 칼리지의 전 학생들로, 학교 설립자인 와이크해미의 윌리엄을 추모하기 위해 그렇게 불렸습니다.[1][2]그는 윈체스터의 주교이자 영국의 수상이었습니다.그는 이 자리들이 그에게 준 부를 1382년에 학교와 1379년에 옥스퍼드의 뉴 칼리지라는 대학을 세우는 데 사용했습니다; 그 둘은 모두 70명의 학자들에게 교육을 제공하기 위해 세워졌습니다.윈체스터 칼리지는 1394년에 문을 열었습니다.[3]와이크햄의 윌리엄은 자신의 후손임을 증명할 수 있는 학생들을 1년에 2명까지 학비를 내고 학교에 다닐 수 있도록 했습니다.[4]Ranulph Twisleton-Wykeham-Fiennes는 그 전통이 1868년에 끝났고, 그 때까지 그의 가족 14명이 무료 교육을 받았다고 기록합니다.[5]처음에는 학자 이외의 소수의 학생들만 입학할 수 있었고, 15세기에는 총 100명 정도의 학생들이 입학했는데, 명목상으로는 70명의 학자들, 16명의 소년들, 그리고 나머지는 평민들이었습니다.서민들을 위한 장소에 대한 수요가 높았으며, 처음에는 제한적이었지만 점차 그 수가 증가했습니다.[6]1860년대부터, 각각 60명의 학생들을 위한 10개의 하숙집이 추가되었고, 학교의 정원을 크게 늘렸습니다.[7]2020년까지 학생 수는 690명으로 증가했습니다.[8]

이 학교의 전통에는 설립자의 반지를 낀 워든이 새로운 학자를 받아들이는 600년 된 의식; 운동장 주변의 중세 벽 곳곳에 양초를 틈새에 놓는 가을 축제인 "일루미나"; 그리고 1년에 한 번 열리는 "모닝힐스"가 있습니다.학교의 모든 학생들과 선생님들이 점호와 기도를 위해 세인트 캐서린 언덕에 오를 때.[3]애드 포르타스(Ad Portas, "At the Gates") 행사는 귀빈과 동문들을 위한 명예 행사로 열리며, 학교의 모든 구성원들은 중세 챔버 코트에 서서 연설을 듣습니다.[3]2011년에는 왕립학회 펠로우 또는 영국 아카데미 펠로우 모두 19명의 졸업생(그리고 부재중에 6명의 명예로운 졸업생)이 라틴어와 영어 연설로 애드 포르타스를 환영했습니다.[9][10]

여기에 열거된 올드 와이크해미스트들 중에는 학교의 초기 제자 중 한 명인 헨리 치헬을 포함한 4명의 대주교, 4명의 야전 원수, 제2차 세계 대전 당시 전투기 사령부와 폭격기 사령부의 지휘관인 각각 휴 다우딩과 찰스 포털, 그리고 2명의 인도 총독인 아치볼드 웨이벨프레데릭 테이지거가 있습니다.많은 정치인들은 6명의 재무장관을 포함하고 있습니다.보수당헨리 애딩턴, 자유당로버트 로우, 노동당스태포드 크립스와 휴 게츠켈, 보수당제프리 하우리시 수낙.이들 중 애딩턴과 수낙은 수상이 되었습니다.

나열된 개체는 출생 10년 또는 100년에 따라 분류되며, 각 개체가 어떻게 자신을 구별했는지 기록합니다.6명의 올드 와이크해미스트들이 영국에서 가장 높은 군사상인 빅토리아 십자장을 수상했습니다.직업 내에서 최고 수준으로 두각을 나타내거나 국가적 인정을 받은 경우에만 개인이 여기에 포함됩니다.따라서 예를 들어, 정치인은 추밀원의 구성원이거나 내각의 직책을 가진 경우에만 포함됩니다. 스포츠인은 전국대회에서 두각을 나타내거나 국가를 대표하는 경우에만 포함됩니다. 군인의 경우 소장에 준하는 계급에 도달했거나 용맹한 상을 받은 경우에는 배우가 포함됩니다.아카데미올리비에상과 같은 분야에서 최고의 영예를 안은 사람들입니다. 직업의 구성원들은 왕립학회나 왕립음악원의 회원들과 같은 그들의 직업의 선도적인 기관에 의해 유명하다고 인정받습니다.또 다른 예로, 기업에서 국가적 인정을 받는 것은 FTSE 100 기업의 회장 또는 최고 경영자가 되는 것을 의미합니다.

14세기

Painting of Henry Chichely, 14th century archbishop
초기 와이크해미스트의 한사람인 캔터베리 대주교 헨리 치헬.

15세기

Chiaroscuro painting of Henry Wotton, bearded, dressed in black with turned-back white cuffs and collar, seated at a desk with a silver writing box and quill pens
헨리 워튼 대사

16세기

Chiaroscuro painting of the traveller Thomas Coryat
16세기의 여행가 토마스 코랴트.
Painting of the roundhead politician Nathaniel Fiennes
와이컴의 윌리엄의 후손인 둥근 머리 나다니엘 피에네스

17세기

18세기

Painting of James Woodforde, author of the Diary of a Country Parson
시골의 일기의 저자 제임스 우드포드.
Painting of Field Marshal John Colborne in red u;niform with sash and medals
존 콜본 원수

19세기

Caricature of James Edwards Sewell in top hat with wing collar and stick by Spy
James Edwards Sewell, New College 소장, Spy에 의해 희화화된, 1894년

1800–1819

Monochrome photograph of the poet Matthew Arnold with centre parting and sideburns
시인 매튜 아놀드

1820–1839

Engraving of the naturalist Frank Buckland at bust length with beard, coat and waistcoat, his tie-pin in shape of a fish
자연주의자 프랭크 버클랜드
Engraving of Major General Sir Herbert Stewart with handlebar moustache, wearing uniform jacket decorated with applique stylised foliage with sash, braided lanyard, and medals
허버트 스튜어트영국-줄루 전쟁, 제1차 보어 전쟁, 수단 전쟁에 참전했습니다.

1840–1859

Chiaroscuro painting of David Samuel Margoliouth with moustache in academic gown and background of leather-bound books
데이비드 새뮤얼 마골리우스, 오리엔탈리스트

1860–1869

Monochrome photograph of Edward Gray in wing collar
1914년 제1대 팔로돈 백작 그레이, 외무부 장관 에드워드 그레이

1870–1879

D'Olyy Carte 오페라단사보이 호텔의 소유주인 Rupert D'Olyy Carte
Photograph of William Sealy Gossett with round spectacles and moustache
통계학자, 학생의 t-test를 발명한 윌리엄 씰리 고셋(William Sealy Gosset


1880–1889

Monochrome photograph of Hugh Dowding in Air Chief Marshal's braided cap and plain uniform jacket with wings and cloth medal strip
휴 다우딩영국 전투에서 전투 사령부를 이끌었습니다.
Colour portrait photograph of Field Marshal Archibald Wavell in khaki uniform jacket with red collar-dogs and cloth medal strips
인도 총독 아치볼드 웨이벨
Monochrome portrait photograph of Apsley Cherry-Garrard in artic explorer's woollen clothing with sunburnt nose and goggle-marks
남극 탐험가 Apsley Cherry-Garrard
Monochrome studio photograph of Charles Portal in uniform of Air Marshal with wings and cloth medal strips
찰스 포털, 도시 폭격 옹호자

1890–1899

Chiaroscuro oil painting of Oswald Mosley with small moustache, white shirt and very dark tie and jacket, handkerchief in top pocket
글린 워렌 필포트, 1925년, 영국 파시스트 연합의 지도자 오스왈드 모슬리.

20세기

1900–1909

Monochrome photograph of Anthony Asquith and friends standing in a garden
영화감독 앤서니 애스키스(왼쪽에서 두 번째), 레이디 오톨린 모렐(1938년 사망)
Bust-length monochrome portrait photograph of Hugh Gaitskell in dark suit
야당의 지도자인 휴 게츠켈 재무장관.

1910–1919

Photograph of bronze wall-plaque with relief sculpture of Nicholas Monsarrat and inscription
잔혹한 바다의 저자인 해군 장교 니콜라스 몬사랫.
Monochrome portrait photograph of the chemist Richard Synge
파티션 크로마토그래피 발명가 Richard Synge

1920–1929

Colour photograph of Paul Britten Austin holding a wineglass in front of an oil painting
스웨덴 문학자브리튼 오스틴
Colour photograph of Geoffrey Howe in grey suit and blue tie
마가렛 대처 정부의 각료 제프리 하우.

1930–1939

Colour photograph of Antony Jameson in pullover, relaxed, seated in a study with many books and papers
항공공학자 안토니 제임슨
Colour photograph of Richard Williamson in white and gold Bishop's regalia standing at an altar
논란이 많은 주교 리처드 윌리엄슨

1940–1949

Colour photograph of Antony Beevor in dark jacket, without tie, speaking at a meeting
군사사학자 안토니 비버
Colour photograph of Robyn Hitchcock, playing a guitar, standing and singing into a microphone with closed eyes
싱어송라이터 로빈 히치콕

1950–1959

Official colour portrait photograph of Richard Stagg, smiling, standing in front of elaborate stonework
리처드 스태그(Richard Stagg
카터 국방참모총장

1960–1969

Informal bust-length colour photograph of Joss Whedon, spectacles raised over forehead, bearded, smiling, in checked jacket
조스 웨던, 영화감독

1970–1979

Official colour portrait photograph of Rishi Sunak
수상 리시 수낙

1980–1989

빅토리아 크로스와 조지 크로스 홀더

Formal studio sepia portrait photograph of Gustavus Hamilton Blenkinsopp Coulson in military dress uniform with checked trousers, pointed black shoes, helmet in hand, other hand on hilt of sheathed sword, standing in front of stone balustrade
구스타부스 콜손 VC

6명의 올드 와이크해미스트들이 빅토리아 십자(VC)를 수상했고, 4명은 제1차 세계대전, 1914-18년, 2명은 1914년 이전에 전사했습니다.또한 제2차 세계대전에서 나이든 와이크해미스트 한 명은 군사적 상황에서 조지십자장과 조지훈장을 받았습니다.

참고 항목

참고문헌

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