그룹 오브 나인

Group of Nine
그룹 오브 나인
Group of Nine (Ten) - 1967.png
9개국
멤버십
설립1965
면적
• 합계
1,644,475 km2(634,935 sq mi)

G9(Group of Nine, G9)는 범유럽간의 상호 관심사를 논의하기 위해 가끔 만난 유럽 국가들의 동맹이었다.[1]이 동맹은 9개국이 유엔에서 사례 연구를 발표하면서 1965년에 결성되었다.[2]이들은 1965년 12월 유엔총회가 만장일치로 채택한 유럽 동서협력 결의안 2129호를 공동 발의했다.[3][4]이 동맹은 네덜란드가 1967년 의회 결정에 의해 가입하면서 10개국이 되었다.[5][6][7]1968년 체코슬로바키아 침공 이후 이 단체는 1969년 10월 유엔에서 열린 회의에서 이견을 조율하려 했으나 실패하고 이후 해산했다.[8][9][10]해체된 유고슬라비아를 제외한 모든 회원국들은 현재 유럽연합에 속해 있다.

회원들

오스트리아
벨기에
불가리아
덴마크
핀란드
헝가리
네덜란드
루마니아
스웨덴
유고슬라비아[11][12]

참고 항목

참조

  1. ^ Laux, Jeanne Kirk (1972). "Small States and Inter-European Relations: An Analysis of the Group of Nine". Journal of Peace Research. SAGE Publications. 9 (2): 147–160. doi:10.1177/002234337200900204. ISSN 0022-3433. S2CID 143059477.
  2. ^ Weiner, R. (1984). Romanian Foreign Policy and the United Nations. Praeger scientific. Praeger. p. 63. ISBN 978-0-03-071594-5. Retrieved 6 May 2021.
  3. ^ Makko, A. (2016). Ambassadors of Realpolitik: Sweden, the CSCE and the Cold War. Contemporary European History. Berghahn Books. p. 93. ISBN 978-1-78533-285-2. Retrieved 6 May 2021.
  4. ^ Staff Memorandum on United States Investment of Military Assistance Funds in Military Installations Located in France. U.S. Government Printing Office. 1967. p. 6-PA28. Retrieved 6 May 2021.
  5. ^ Voorhoeve, J.J.C. (1979). Peace, Profits and Principles :: A Study of Dutch Foreign Policy. Springer Netherlands. p. 133. ISBN 978-90-247-2203-7. Retrieved 6 May 2021.
  6. ^ "The idea of a pan-European security conference". CVCE.EU by UNI.LU. 21 December 2005. Retrieved 6 May 2021.
  7. ^ Palmer, M. (1971). The Prospects for a European Security Conference. Chatham House, P.E.P. European Series. Chatham House:PEP. p. 10. ISBN 978-0-85374-037-7. Retrieved 6 May 2021. The Group of Nine / Ten met several times to explore initiatives that could be taken to achieve a greater degree of European détente. ... held at the U.N. in October 1969, the experiment of the Group of Ten appeared to have come to an end, at least for the time being . ... over the course of 1966 were Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Denmark, Finland, Hungary, Rumania, Sweden, and Yugoslavia.
  8. ^ Conference on European Security: Hearings, Ninety-second Congress, Second Session. U.S. Government Printing Office. 1972. p. 2. Retrieved 6 May 2021. Invasion of Czechoslovakia by Warsaw Pact countries disrupts efforts of Group of Ten for CES planning.
  9. ^ Due-Nielsen, C.; Petersen, N. (1995). Adaptation and Activism: The Foreign Policy of Denmark, 1967–1993. Dansk udenrigspolitisk institut. p. 136. ISBN 978-87-574-3022-6. Retrieved 6 May 2021.
  10. ^ Leatherman, J. (2003). From Cold War to Democratic Peace: Third Parties, Peaceful Change, and the OSCE. Syracuse Studies on Peace and Conflict Resolution. Syracuse University Press. p. 72 ff. ISBN 978-0-8156-3032-6. Retrieved 6 May 2021.
  11. ^ "The World Factbook 1991". United States Central Intelligence Agency. 1991. Retrieved September 26, 2009.
  12. ^ "The World Factbook 1998". United States Central Intelligence Agency. 1998. Retrieved September 26, 2009. Serbia and Montenegro has self-proclaimed itself the "Federal Republic of Yugoslavia," but the US view is that the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (SFRY) has dissolved and that none of the successor republics represents its continuation
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